1、Designation: D7436 12D7436 17Standard Classification System forUnfilled Polyethylene Plastics Molding and ExtrusionMaterials with a Fractional Melt Index Using ISO Protocoland Methodology1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7436; the number immediately following the designation indi
2、cates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis material specification is intended to
3、 provide a callout system for polyethylene utilizingspecimen preparation procedures and test methods based primarily on ISO standards.1. Scope*1.1 This classification system provides for the identification of unfilled polyethylene plastics molding and extrusion materials,with a melt index of 7 to 11
4、 melt flow rate (190C/21.6Kg).NOTE 4It is recognized that some high-density polyethylene plastics of very high molecular weight may have densities slightly less than 0.960, yetin all other respects they are characteristic of Class 4 materials. Similarly, there are other polyethylene plastics of very
5、 high molecular weight havingdensities less than 0.941 that, in all other aspects, are more characteristic of Class 2 than of Class 3 materials.NOTE 5Use the following terms in describing polyethylene plastics:Class 1 (0.910 to 0.925) = low densityClass 2 (0.925 to 0.940) = medium densityClass 3 (0.
6、940 to 0.960) = high density-low rangeClass 4 (0.960) = high density-high range2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on
7、 the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.D7436 1724.1.1 Specific requirements for variations of polyethylene materials shall be indicated by a six-character designator. Thedesignation will consist of the letter “A” and the five digits co
8、mprising the cell numbers for the property requirements in the orderas they appear in Table A.4.1.2 Although the values listed are necessary to include the range of properties available in the existing materials, users shallnot assume that every combination of properties are attainable or exist.4.1.
9、3 When the cell designation is not known or is not required, the use of a “0” designation shall be used (see Note 6).NOTE 6An example of a high density polyethylene material of this classification system is as follows. The designation D7436 PE230A34350 wouldindicate the following material requiremen
10、ts from Table A:PE230 = High Density Polyethylene, from Table PE of this standard,A = Table A for property requirements,3 = tensile strength, 12 MPa, min,4 = tensile break elongation, 400 %, min,3 = tensile modulus, 200 MPa, min,5 = environmental stress-crack resistance, 336 F50 hours, min0 = unspec
11、ifiedIf no properties are specified, the designation would be D7436 PE230A00000.D7436 173TABLE PE Basic Requirement of Polyethylene PlasticsGroup Description Class Description Grade MeltFlowRateAMeltFlowRateBTensileStress atYield,CMPa,minNominalStrain atBreak,C%, minTensileModulus,DMPa,min1 Branched
12、 1 LowDensity1 #7 .0.910 #0.9252 7 #11 3 11 4 0.1 # 0.4 9.5 4005 0.4 # 1 9.5 30002 MediumDensity1 #7 0.925#0.9402 7 #11 3 11 4 0.1 # 0.4 11 4005 0.4 # 1 11 20000 other 02 Linear 1 LowDensity1 #7 0.910 #0.9252 7 #11 3 11 4 0.1 # 0.4 11 5005 0.4 # 1 11 400 20002 MediumDensity1 #7 0.925 #0.9402 7 # 11
13、3 11 4 0.1 # 0.4 16 400 6005 0.4 # 1 16 200 50003 HighDensity1 #7 20 7003 HighDensity1 #7 19 550 7000.940#0.9602 7 # 11 23 9000.940#0.9602 7 # 11 21 250 9003 11 23 9004 0.1 # 0.4 24 600 10005 0.4 # 1 25 400 110004 HighDensity1 #7 0.960 2 7 # 11 3 11 4 0.1 # 0.4 28 4005 0.4 # 1 28 300 120000 other 00
14、0 Other 0 other 0AISO 1133 melt flow rate = g/10 min at 190C/21.6 Kg.BISO 1133 melt flow rate = g/10 min at 190C/2.16 Kg.CISO 3167, Type 1B tensile bars, HDPE and MDPE tested at 50 mm/min. For densities # 0.925 test at 500 mm/min.DISO 527-1 and ISO 527-2 at 1 mm/min strain rate, chord modulus betwee
15、n 0.05 % and 0.25 % strain.D7436 174TABLE A Detail RequirementsA for Polyethylene PlasticsDesignation orOrder No.Property 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91 Tensile stress at yield,BMPa ISO 527-1 and ISO 527-2, minunspecified 4 8 12 16 21 30 35 specify valueC2 Nominal strain at break,B %,ISO 527-1 and ISO 527-2,
16、minunspecified 25 50 200 400 600 800 1000 specify valueC3 Tensile Modulus,DMPa, ISO 527-1 and ISO 527-2, minunspecified 50 100 200 400 600 800 1000 specify valueC4F Environmental stress-crack resistance,hrs, min F50,E Test Method D1693unspecified 24 48 96 168 336 672 1008 specify valueC5 To be deter
17、mined unspecified specify valueCAIt is recognized that detailed test values may not predict nor even correlate with performance of parts molded of these materials.BISO 3167, Type 1B tensile bars, HDPE and MDPE tested at 50 mm/min. For densities 0.925 test at 500 mm/min.CIf a specific value is requir
18、ed, it must appear on the drawing or contract, or both.DISO 527-1 and ISO 527-2 at 1 mm/min strain rate, chord modulus between 0.05 % and 0.25 % strain.EF50 is the time required for failure of 50 % of the samples tested in accordance with Test Method D1693 using undiluted Igepal CO-630. Mold samples
19、 in accordancewith Procedure C of Practice D4703, Annex A1.FThere are environmental concerns regarding the disposal of Polyoxyethylated Nonylphenol (Nonylphenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy) ethanol (CAS 68412-54-4) e.g. IgepalCO-630). Users are advised to consult their supplier or local environmental office a
20、nd follow the guidelines provided for the proper disposal of this chemical.5. Suffixes5.1 When additional requirements are needed that are not covered by the basic or cell table requirements, they shall be indicatedthrough the use of suffixes. The following suffixes may be used for specific requirem
21、ents of the material for the applicationintended. In general, the suffix letter indicates the requirement needed; the first number (digit) indicates the test condition, and thesecond number (digit) indicates the specimen requirement. The suffixes are as follows:5.1.1 W = Weatherability requirements,
22、 as designated by the following digits:First Digit0 = To be specified.1 = Specimens exposed to xenon-arc type light source, inaccordance with Practice D2565, Cycle 1. Specimens shall conformto ISO 3167 tensile bars.2 = Specimens exposed to fluorescent-UV-condensation typeapparatus, in accordance wit
23、h Practice D4329, Cycle A. Specimensshall conform to ISO 3167 tensile bars.3 = Specimens exposed to xenon-arc type light source in accor-dance to SAE J2412. (Typically used to represent the effects of ex-posure to window glass filtered solar radiation). Specimens shallconform to ISO 3167 tensile bar
24、s.4 = Specimens exposed to xenon-arc type light source in accor-dance to SAE J2527. (Typically used to represent the effects of di-rect exposure to solar radiation). Specimens shall conform toISO 3167 tensile bars.Second Digit1 = 601.6 kJ/m2 340 nm2 = 1200 kJ/m2 340 nm3 = 2500 kJ/m2 340 nm5.1.1.1 Th
25、e exposed specimens shall not exhibit surface changes (such as dulling or chalking) or deep-seated changes (such aschecking, crazing or warping). The tensile stress at yield after exposure shall be no less than 50 % of the original.5.1.2 P = Impact requirements, Total Energy in Joules at Maximum Loa
26、d, as designated by the following digits:First Digit0 = To be specified by user.1 = Instrumented impact test in accordance to Practice D3763, 100mm diameter (or 100 mm by 100 mm plaque) by 3.2 mm thick. Testspeed = 2.2 m/s. Conducted at 23C.2 = Instrumented impact test in accordance to Practice D376
27、3, 100mm diameter (or 100 mm by 100 mm plaque) by 3.2 mm thick. Testspeed = 6.6 m/s. Conducted at 23C.3 = Instrumented impact test in accordance to Practice D3763, 100mm diameter (or 100 mm by 100 mm plaque) by 3.2 mm thick. Testspeed = 2.2 m/s. Conducted at -30C.4 = Instrumented impact test in acco
28、rdance to Practice D3763, 100mm diameter (or 100 mm by 100 mm plaque) by 3.2 mm thick. Testspeed = 6.6 m/s. Conducted at -30C.Second Digit0 = To be specified by user.1 = 6 Joules, min2 = 9 Joules, min3 = 12 Joules, min4 = 18 Joules, min5 = 21 Joules, min6 = 24 Joules, min7 = 27 Joules, minD7436 1755
29、.1.3 E = Environmental Stress-Crack Resistance, hours, as designated by the following digits:First Digit0 = To be specified by user1 = ESCR in accordance to Test Method D1693 Undiluted surfaceactive agent Igepal CO-630 and a graphical method time of F10.2 = ESCR in accordance to Test Method D1693 Un
30、diluted surfaceactive agent and a graphical method time of F50.Second Digit0 = To be specified by user1 = 24 hours, min2 = 48 hours, min3 = 96 hours, min4 = 168 hours, min5 = 336 hours, min6 = 672 hours, min7 = 1008 hours, min5.1.4 Z = Other special requirements (for example, internal mold release a
31、gent) not covered by existing callout capabilities maybe assigned by the user. These will be spelled out in detail and identified in sequence, that is, 01 UV-stabilized, 02 special color,and 03 etc.5.2 A list of suffixes can also be found in Classification D4000 (Table 3) and used for additional req
32、uirements, as appropriate.Additional suffixes will be added to that classification system as test methods and requirements are developed and requested.6. Basic Requirements6.1 Basic requirements from property or cell tables, as they apply, are always in effect unless these requirements are supersede
33、dby specific suffix requirements, that always take precedence.7. Physical Requirements7.1 The color and form of the material shall be as agreed upon between the supplier and the user. Specification changes dueto the effects of colorants shall be noted by both parties and, when necessary, covered by
34、suffixes.8. Other Requirements8.1 Test specimens shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Tables PE and Table A and to suffix requirements as theyapply.8.2 Observed or calculated values obtained from analysis, measurement or test, shall be rounded in accordance with therounding method in Prac
35、tice E29 to the nearest unit in the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the specified limitingvalue. The value obtained is compared directly with the specified limiting value. Conformance or nonconformance with thespecification is based on this comparison. See Guide D6436 for reporti
36、ng properties.9. Sampling9.1 Sampling shall be statistically adequate to satisfy the requirements of 13.4. A batch or lot of resin shall be considered asa unit of manufacture as prepared for shipment and may consist of a blend of two or more production runs of material.10. Specimen Preparation10.1 U
37、nless otherwise specified, plaques shall be prepared in accordance with ISO 293 and ISO 1872-2. Test specimens shallbe machined or die cut from the plaques in accordance with ISO 2818. If insufficient flow or inadequate adhesion between particlesis observed, materials can be roll milled to ensure ho
38、mogeneity in accordance with Practice D4703, Annex A1.4. If samples areprepared using roll-milling, it must be noted.10.2 ESCR test specimens shall be prepared in accordance with Procedure C of Practice D4703.10.3 The specimen thickness shall be 4.0 mm for modulus, tensile and strain testing, 3.2 mm
39、 for Condition “A” ESCR andimpact testing, and 1.9 mm for Condition “B” ESCR testing. Conditioning shall be as specified in 11.1 and any departure fromthat conditioning shall be reported.11. Conditioning11.1 ConditioningOnce specimens are molded, they shall be moved to a standard laboratory atmosphe
40、re or a controlledlaboratory atmosphere. For natural unfilled polyethylene plastics the controlled laboratory atmosphere shall be 23 6 2C. Testspecimens shall be conditioned for a minimum of 40 h immediately prior to testing.11.2 Test ConditionsNatural unfilled polyethylene plastics shall be tested
41、in a controlled laboratory atmosphere of 23 6 2C.12. Test Methods12.1 Determine the properties enumerated in this specification in accordance with the ISO and ASTM test methods, unlessotherwise stated in this specification.D7436 17612.1.1 Melt Flow RateTest Method in accordance with ISO 1133, using
42、condition 190C/21.6 kg or 190C/2.16 kg as specifiedin Table PE, (see Note 7). Make duplicate determinations on the material in the form of powder, granules, or pellets. Noconditioning is required.NOTE 7Since only condition 190C/2.16 is truly considered “melt index,” the test in this standard will al
43、ways be referred to as “Melt Flow Rate”as many of the material grades in this document require shear rate values that are higher than this to accurately differentiate.12.1.2 DensityTest Method ISO 1183-2. Sample shall be a chip from a molded specimen. The use of an alternative methodof suitable accu
44、racy is permitted.12.1.3 Tensile Stress at Yield, Nominal Strain at BreakTest Method ISO 527-1 and ISO 527-2 at a speed of 50 or 500 mm/minas specified in Table PE. Specimens shall conform to the dimensions given for Type 1B in ISO 527 with thickness of 4.0 6 0.2mm. Die-cut specimens are recommended
45、; however, machine-cut specimens are acceptable. Percentage elongation at break shallinclude the cold-drawing distance. Test results for specimens that break outside the gage marks after extensive cold drawing neednot be discarded, unless the break occurs between the contact surfaces of a grip.12.1.
46、4 Tensile ModulusTest Methods ISO 527-1 and ISO 527-2. Use test speed of 1 mm/min strain rate and report the chordmodulus between 0.05 % and 0.25 % strain.12.1.5 Environmental Stress-Crack ResistanceTest Method D1693. The material shall meet the minimum requirement shownfor the appropriate cell clas
47、sification (in Cell TableA) when tested in accordance with Test Method D1693. Polyethylene materialswith densities less than or equal to 0.925 shall be tested in accordance with Test Method D1693, Condition A. Polyethylenes withdensities greater than 0.925 shall be tested in accordance to Test Metho
48、d D1693, Condition B.NOTE 8The specimen dimensions and notch depths are different for these two conditions. An undiluted surface active agent is used for all testing.An F10 or F50 time determined in accordance with the graphical method described in Test Method D1693 shall be reported.13. Inspection
49、and Certification13.1 Inspection and certification of the material supplied under this specification shall be for conformance to the requirementsspecified herein.13.2 Lot-acceptance inspection shall be the basis on which acceptance or rejection of the lot is made. The lot-acceptance testsshall consist of density and melt flow rate, which are the tests typically monitored to ensure process control during manufacturing.Other certifiable classification properties, including tensile stress at yield, nominal strain at
