1、Designation: D 7038 07An American National StandardStandard Test Method forEvaluation of Moisture Corrosion Resistance of AutomotiveGear Lubricants1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 7038; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,
2、in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers a test procedure for evaluatingthe rust and corrosion in
3、hibiting properties of a gear lubricantwhile subjected to water contamination and elevated tempera-ture in a bench-mounted hypoid differential housing assembly.2This test method is commonly referred to as the L-33-1 test.1.2 The values for temperature stated as degrees Fahrenheit,for pressure stated
4、 as psi, and volume stated as fluid ounces areto be regarded as standard. The SI values given in theparentheses are provided for informational purposes only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user o
5、f this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standard:3D 235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)2.2 Society of Automoti
6、ve Engineers Standards:4J308 Information Report on Axle and Manual TransmissionLubricantsJ923 Axle Nomenclature and TerminologyJ2360 Lubricating Oil, Gear Multipurpose (Metric) MilitaryUse2.3 U.S. Military Specifications:5MIL-PRF-2105E Lubricating Oil, Gear, General Multipur-poseMIL-P-3420F NOX-RUST
7、 Paper3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 corrosion, nan alteration of a finished metal surfaceby discoloration, accompanied by roughening not attributableto mechanical action.3.1.2 downtime, nan interruption of power to the test unitfor a period greater than ten s
8、econds.3.1.3 rust, na special case of corrosion, which alwaysdeteriorates or alters the original surface condition.3.1.3.1 DiscussionRust always has color (usually, but notlimited to red, yellow, brown, black) and one of the followingdescriptive characteristics: (1) depth; the rusted surface is buil
9、tup relative to that of adjacent areas. (2) texture; the surfacemay appear to be etched, scaly or otherwise visibly differentthan adjacent areas.3.1.4 stain, na surface modification that is attributable todiscoloration only.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 This procedure utilizes a Dana Corporation Mode
10、l 30hypoid differential assembly, Part No. 277701X, 4:10 ratio,standard differential with uncoated ring and pinion, withoutaxle tubes.6,74.2 Test Unit PreparationPrior to each test, completelydisassemble and clean the new differential housing assembly.Discard the axle spacer block. Abrasive blast al
11、l rated parts(except bearings and cups). Disassemble all bearings from theirmating parts prior to abrasive blasting. Coat all internal partsand rated surfaces with test oil. Reassemble the unit to test1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubrican
12、ts and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.B0 on Automotive Lubricants.Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published May 2007. Originallyapproved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D 703806.2Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center(TM
13、C) will update changes in this test method by means of Information Letters.This edition includes all Information Letters through 0603. Information Lettersmay be obtained from the ASTM TMC, 6555 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489, Attention: Administrator. The TMC is also the source of reference oi
14、ls.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400
15、 CommonwealthDr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.5Available from the Defense Printing Service Office, 700 Robbins Ave., Bldg.4D, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094.6If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information toASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful co
16、nsider-ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.7The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis Spicer Axle Division, Dana Corporation, P.O. Box 1209, Fort Wayne, IN 46801.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P
17、O Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.specification values. Install the unit on the motoring rig andthen connect an oil temperature monitoring probe and a driveshaft. Place a cooling fan and heat lamps into position near thetest unit.4.3 Motoring PhaseCharge the test unit with
18、40 oz (1.2 L)of test oil. Drive the test unit with an electric motor at2500-r/min pinion speed in an unloaded condition (no axleshafts are used for the test). Add 1 oz (30 mL) of specified testwater into the oil fill opening (all other test unit openingshaving been already sealed). Install the press
19、ure relief systemand set to 1 psi (7 kPa). Plug the relief system when thelubricant temperature reaches 180F (82.2C). Continue themotoring phase for4hatthis controlled temperature.4.4 Storage PhaseStop the motor at the completion of themotoring phase. Remove the test unit from the motoring rigand pl
20、ace in a storage box at 125F (52C) for 162 h.4.5 InspectionAt the end of the storage phase, the test iscomplete. Drain the differential assembly, disassemble, andrate for rust, stain, and other deposits.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test simulates a type of severe field service inwhich corrosion-p
21、romoting moisture in the form of condensedwater vapor accumulates in the axle assembly. This mayhappen as a result of volume expansion and contraction of theaxle lubricant and the accompanied breathing in of moisture-laden air through the axle vent. The test screens lubricants fortheir ability to pr
22、event the expected corrosion.5.2 The test method described in this standard may be usedby any properly equipped laboratory, without the assistance ofanyone not associated with that laboratory. However, theASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) provides reference oilsand an assessment of the test results
23、obtained on those oils bythe laboratory (see Annex A7). By this means, the laboratorywill know whether their use of the test method gives resultsstatistically similar to those obtained by other laboratories.Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilizethe TMC services in seeking qu
24、alification of oils againstspecifications. For example, the U.S. Army imposes such arequirement in connection with several Army lubricating oilspecifications.5.3 The L-33-1 test procedure is used or referred to in thefollowing documents: ASTM Publication STP-512A,8SAEJ308, SAE J2360, and U.S. Milita
25、ry Specification MIL-PRF-2105E.6. Apparatus6.1 Laboratory Ambient Conditions:6.1.1 Test Operating AreaThe ambient laboratory atmo-sphere shall be free of dirt, dust, and other contaminants asrequired by good laboratory standards.6.1.2 Parts Cleaning and Abrasive Blasting (6.2.8) AreasProvide adequat
26、e ventilation in areas where solvents (7.2) areused. (WarningCombustible, vapor harmful.)6.1.3 Build-up AreaIt is recommended that the atmo-sphere in the test unit build-up area be filtered and maintainedat uniform temperature and low humidity to prevent accumu-lation of dirt or rust on test parts.
27、Otherwise it shall conform torequirements of 6.1.1.6.1.4 Parts Rating AreaConduct the rating of all test partsunder conditions as defined in CRC Manual 21.96.2 Motoring Rig, Test Unit and Laboratory Equipment:6.2.1 Test Unit ConfigurationMount the differential hous-ing assembly (Gear version 99.1 or
28、 V01.1) on the motoring rigso that the housing cover attaching face is in the vertical planeand at a height that allows the temperature sensing probe to belocated in the bottom of the housing. Elements of the motoringrig design are shown in Figs. A1.1-A1.4.6.2.2 Drive SystemThe drive system design i
29、s not pre-cisely specified; however, the following equipment or itsequivalent have been found to be suitable to turn the drivepinion at the specified 2500625 r/min. (WarningRotatingtest stand equipment presents a physical hazard, use safetyguards.)6.2.2.1 U.S. Motors, 1.5 hp (1.1 kW) electric motor,
30、 en-closed, 3600 r/min, 0.87 in. (2.22 cm) diameter shaft.6,106.2.2.2 Slide Motor Base, Dyn-Adjust No. 20-C.6,106.2.2.3 Dodge Taper Lock Pulleys, No. 40L100 (Driven)and No. 28L100 (Drive).6,106.2.2.4 Dodge Timing Belt, No. 480L100.6,106.2.2.5 Additional components such as shafts, couplings,and beari
31、ng blocks are also necessary to connect the abovecomponents to drive the carrier pinion, but are left to the optionof the testing laboratory.6.2.3 Vapor Pressure Control SystemControl the internalvapor pressure of the unit during the warm-up portion of themotoring phase with a specified water column
32、 pressure reliefsystem set for 1.0 6 0.1 psi (7 6 0.7 kPa) connected to thehousing cover with an appropriately sized National PipeThreads (NPT) stainless steel 90 street ell and a stainless steelfull port valve. The system shall contain an oil trap and returnvessel to return test oil to the unit in
33、case of foaming, and awater trap and return vessel to prevent column water frommoving back to test unit. The example set up in Fig. A1.1 hasbeen shown to be acceptable.6.2.4 Housing Cover GasketReplace the factory-suppliedgasket with a single TFE fluorocarbon gasket for every test.6,116.2.5 Housing
34、Axle Tube Opening SealsSince the differ-ential is tested without axle shafts or axle tubes, seal thehousing openings. Fig. A1.2 shows an example of constructiondimensions for fabricating a pair of seals to be installed in theaxle housing openings before introducing test oil prior tostarting the test
35、.6.2.6 Temperature Control System, Motoring PhaseDuring the motoring phase, the bulk oil temperature is sensed8ASTM Publication STP-512A, Laboratory Performance Tests for AutomotiveGear Lubricants Intended for API GL-5 Service, ASTM International, WestConshohocken, PA.9Available from the Coordinatin
36、g Research Council, 219 Perimeter CenterParkway NE, Atlanta, GA 30346.10The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis a Power Drive Parts Distributor.11The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis AP Services Inc., 203 Armstrong
37、Drive, Northpoint Industrial Park, Freeport, PA16229. Request ASTM L-33-1 Die.D7038072by a resistance temperature device (RTD) or thermocouple (Jor K type). The controller switches on a pair of 250 W lampsor cooling fan, or both, that are directed toward the differentialas needed to control bulk oil
38、 temperature at 180 6 1F (82 66C). A household-type electric fan having 12.0-in. (31-cm)diameter blades has been shown to provide acceptable coolingcapability. Fig. A1.3 shows an example of the location of theheat lamp pair and the cooling fan. Fig. A1.4 shows thelocation of the temperature sensor i
39、n the differential housing.6.2.7 Storage Box and Temperature Control System, StoragePhaseDuring the storage phase of the test, a double-walledaluminum or stainless steel box covers the differential housingassembly. An RTD or thermocouple (J or K type) in conjunc-tion with the controller regulates he
40、at input from four stripheaters giving a total output of 500 W. A small electric fan,rated at 1550 r/min, turns a fabricated impeller at 1700 6 100r/min to provide air circulation within the box. Control the bulkoil temperature at 125 6 1F (52 6 6C). Fig. A1.5 showsdetails of the impeller. Fig. A1.6
41、 shows construction andelectrical details of this box.NOTE 1Insulation on the outside surface of the box only may benecessary to maintain test temperature specifications.6.2.8 Abrasive BlastingBlast the entire differential case,ring, pinion, side gears, differential pinion gears (spider gears),all f
42、our thrust washers and the inside surface of the differentialhousing cover plate with 80 grit aluminum oxide so as toremove pre-existing corrosion and produce a uniform surface.Do not abrasive blast the bearings, bearing cups and differen-tial shaft (cross shaft pin). (WarningProvide adequate safety
43、equipment for abrasive blasting operations.)6.2.9 The following specifies the abrasive blasting equip-ment and material:6.2.9.1 Abrasive Blasting CabinetGrainger Econo-Line36 in. by 24 in., Grainger Item No. 3Z850.6,12(1) Use solely for cleaning L-33-1 test units.(2) Measure air pressure for the bla
44、sting gun at theregulator just prior to entering the cabinet enclosure. Set theregulator to maintain 80 6 2 psig (552 6 14 kPa) whileflowing abrasive material.6.2.9.2 Dust CollectorGrainger Econo-Line 1000 ft3/min,Grainger Item No. 3JR93.6,126.2.9.3 Blasting Gun Setup:(1) Grainger Econo-Line 12 ft3/
45、min Gun Assembly,Grainger Item No. 3JT01.6,12(2) Grainger Econo-Line tungsten carbide Nozzle Tip14 in.I.D.(3) Grainger Item No. 3JT0813, Change after fifteenL-33-1 units are blasted.(4) Grainger Econo-Line Air Jet 12 ft3/min, Grainger ItemNo. 3JT04.6,126.2.9.4 Abrasive Blasting MaterialAlodur Fused
46、BrownAluminum Oxide,6,1380 gritANSI Table 3 Grade.6,14Change the entire cabinet supply of abrasive blasting materialafter 15 L-33-1 units are blasted. (WarningAbrasive blast-ing presents a physical hazard; consult and follow equipmentmanufacturers precautions.)7. Reagents and Materials7.1 Specified
47、Test WaterFisher Scientific deionized ultrafiltered water, Part No. W2-4 or W2-20.6,157.2 SolventUse only mineral spirits meeting the require-ments of Specification D 235, Type II, Class C for AromaticContent (0-2% vol), Flash Point (142F/61C, min) and Color(not darker than +25 on Saybolt Scale or 2
48、5 on Pt-Co Scale).(WarningCombustible. Health hazard.) Obtain a Certificateof Analysis for each batch of solvent from the supplier.7.3 Rust Prevention OilMobil Arma 245.6,16(WarningCombustible mixture. Harmful or fatal if swallowed.)7.4 Build-up LubricantUse test oil for test unit build-up.8. Test O
49、il8.1 Use 1.0 gal (3.7 L) for each test. The housing capacityis 2.5 pt (1.2 L); the remaining oil is used for coating the testparts during assembly.9. Preparation of Apparatus9.1 Test Unit Preparation:9.1.1 Cleaning of Reused Fittings, Seals, and so forthClean, as necessary, all reusable parts including axle tubeopening seals, pressure relief system and elbow, and thetemperature sensor and its fittings.9.2 Differential Assembly Build-Up:9.2.1 Cleaning and Preparation of Parts:9.2.1.1 DisassemblyCompletely disassemble the differen-tia
