1、Designation: D 6973 05An American National StandardStandard Test Method forIndicating Wear Characteristics of Petroleum HydraulicFluids in a High Pressure Constant Volume Vane Pump1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6973; the number immediately following the designation indicates
2、the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers a constant volume high-
3、pressure vane pump test procedure for indicating the wearcharacteristics of petroleum hydraulic fluids. SeeAnnexA1 forrecommended testing conditions for water-based syntheticfluids.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informatio
4、nonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Refere
5、nced Documents2.1 ISO Standards:2ISO 4021 Hydraulic Fluid PowerParticulate Contamina-tion AnalysisExtraction of Fluid Samples from Lines ofan Operating SystemISO 4406 Hydraulic Fluid PowerFluidsMethod forCoding the Level of Contamination by Solids ParticlesISO 7745 Hydraulic Fluid PowerFire-Resistan
6、t (FR)FluidsGuidelines for UseISO 11171 Hydraulic Fluid PowerCalibration of Auto-matic Particle Counters for LiquidsISO 11500 Hydraulic Fluid PowerDetermination of Par-ticulate Contamination by Automatic Counting Using theLight Extinction Principle2.2 Other Documents:SAE 100R1320 Hydraulic Hose Spec
7、ification3ANSI/(NFPA) T2.13.1 R3-1998 Recommended PracticeHydraulic Fluid PowerUse of Fire-Resistant Fluids inIndustrial Systems43. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 flushing, vthe process of cleaning the test systembefore testing to prevent cross-contamination.4. S
8、ummary of Test Method4.1 Hydraulic fluid in the amount of 190 6 4 L (50 6 1 gal)is circulated through a rotary vane pump system for 50 h at apump speed of 2400 6 20 r/min and a pump outlet pressure of20.7 6 0.2 MPa (3000 6 20 psig). Fluid temperature at thepump inlet is 95 6 3C (203 6 5F).An ISO Gra
9、de 32 or 10Wviscosity is required.4.2 The cam ring and all ten vanes should be individuallyweighed before and after the test. The weight loss of the camring should be reported with the combined weight loss of allten vanes. The intra-vanes (inserts) are not part of the requiredweight loss measurement
10、s and should be separately measuredif desired. Other reported values are fluid cleanliness beforeand after the test, initial flow rate, and final flow rate.4.3 Prior to installing the hydraulic test fluid into the rig, astand flush is required to remove any contaminants. A mini-mum quantity of 190 6
11、 4 L (50 6 1 gal) of fluid (see Note 1)made of the same chemical formulation as the test fluid, isrequired for the stand flush. Therefore the total quantity of oilrequired for the test is 380 L (100 gal).5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is an indicator of the wear character-istics of petr
12、oleum hydraulic fluids operating in a constantvolume vane pump. Excessive wear in vane pumps could leadto malfunction of hydraulic systems in critical industrial ormobile hydraulic applications.6. Apparatus6.1 The basic system consists of the following (see Fig. 1):1This test method is under the jur
13、isdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.N0 on Lubricating Properties.Current edition approved May 1, 2005. Published May 2005. Originallyapproved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D 697304e1.2Available f
14、rom American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.3Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 CommonwealthDr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10
15、036.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.1.1 Electric Motor, or other suitable drive, capable of arotational speed of 2400 rpm with 93 kW (125 hp) as suggestedminimum power requirement (see Fig. 1, Item 5).6.1.2 Test Sta
16、nd Base, with appropriate, rigid mounting forthe motor, pump, reservoir, and other components.6.1.3 Rotary Intra-Vane Pump, replaceable cartridge type,5,6Vickers 35VQ25A-11*20 (Cartridge Kit P/N 4998040-002)7rated at 81 cm3/rev (4.98 in.3/rev) flow at 1200 rev/min. Aprotective shield around the pump
17、 is recommended.6.1.3.1 There are to be no modifications to the pumphousing.6.1.4 Reservoir, equipped with a baffle and lid, all ofstainless steel construction.6.1.4.1 Additional fluid ports may be added to the reservoiras required by the user to assist in measuring fluid level,reservoir temperature
18、, and so forth.6.1.4.2 If the reservoir is positioned so that the contentscannot be visually checked for air entrainment by removing thelid, a fluid-sight glass viewing port may be located in the sideof the reservoir.6.1.5 Pump Outlet Pressure Control Valve, with eithermanual or remote control (see
19、Fig. 1, Item 7).6.1.6 Temperature-control Device, suitable for controllingcoolant flow to the heat exchanger to maintain test fluid at thespecified temperature (see Fig. 1, Item 9).6.1.7 Temperature Indicator, (see Fig. 1, Item 2) shall havea minimum accuracy of 61C and shall have an appropriatesens
20、or to monitor pump inlet temperature.6.1.7.1 To prevent a flow disturbance near the pump inletport, the temperature probe shall have a diameter of not morethan 6 mm (0.25 in.) and positioned not less than 30 cm (12 in.)from the pump inlet port.6.1.7.2 The test fluid temperature probe shall be positi
21、onedgreater than 30 cm (12 in.) from the pump inlet cover (see Fig.2). The fluid temperature probe shall be inserted into themidpoint of flow.6.1.8 Heat-Exchanger, (see Fig. 1, Item 9). The heat ex-changer should be of adequate size and design to remove theexcess heat from the test system when utili
22、zing the availablecoolant supply.5The replaceable cartridge consists of the inlet support plate, outlet supportplate, flex side plates, seal pack, rotor, cam ring, intra-vane, and vanes.6The individual cartridge parts can be purchased separately, if desired. TheEaton part numbers for these items are
23、 cartridge screws: P/N 410609, alignmentpins: P/N 418108, inlet support plate: P/N 430806, outlet support plate: P/N 412003,flex side plate kit: P/N 923953, seal pack: P/N 433766, rotor: P/N 262154, cam ring:P/N 4999594-001, vane kit (includes ten intra-vanes and ten vanes): 922700.7Available from a
24、ny Eaton distributor.Description of Components:1 Reservoir (50 gal of oil; elevated above pump centerline to provide gravity feed)2 Temperature gage or thermocouple3 Inlet pressure gage4 Pump: 35VQ25A-11*20 (Cartridge kit P/N 4998040002)5 Electric motor (125 hp)6 Outlet pressure gage7 Pressure relie
25、f valve8 Filter9 Cooler10 FlowmeterNOTESee Eaton Overhaul Manual I-3144S (Appendix B)7FIG. 1 System SchematicD69730526.1.9 Outlet Pressure Indicator, (see Fig. 1, Item 6), tomeasure pump discharge pressure, and shall have an accuracyof at least 61 bar (615 psi).6.1.10 Inlet Pressure Indicator, (see
26、Fig. 1, Item 3), tomeasure pump inlet pressure, and shall have an accuracy of atleast 67 kPa (61 psi).6.1.11 Filter Unit, (see Fig. 1, Item 8), to limit system debrisfrom causing wear to the test pump. The filter performanceshould be b3$ 100.6.1.11.1 The filter housing shall be installed with dualpr
27、essure gages (see Fig. 1, Item 13) or a differential pressuretransducer to monitor pressure across the filter to warn ofimpending collapse of the element.6.1.11.2 If dual pressure gages are used to monitor filterpressure, the rated collapse pressure of the filter element shouldbe known.6.1.12 Flow-M
28、easuring Device, (see Fig. 1, Item 12), withan accuracy of at least 61 L/min (60.25 gpm).NOTESee Eaton Overhaul Manual I-3144S (Appendix C)7FIG. 2 Pump ComponentsD69730536.1.12.1 It is suggested that the test circuit be equipped withsome automated shutdown capabilities for safety reasons.Safety rela
29、ys could be any of the following: low-level, highpressure, high temperature, and low flow safety switchesincorporated into the system.6.1.12.2 Acheck should be made to ensure that the flush andtest fluid are compatible with seals or any other materials in thesystem.6.1.13 Flexible Motor Coupling, to
30、 connect the motor driveand the pump.6.1.14 Fluid Sampling Port, in accordance with ISO 4021.6.2 The various components of the test system shall beplaced in the system as indicated in Fig. 1.6.2.1 The test system shall be arranged and provided withnecessary drain valves so that complete draining is
31、possiblewith no fluid trap areas.6.2.2 Good hydraulics piping practices should be used whenconstructing the test system to avoid air entrainment points andflow restrictions.6.2.3 The pump should be mounted so that its internalsurfaces can easily be inspected and cleaned, alignment can bechecked, and
32、 the operator has comfortable access when torqu-ing the head.6.2.4 A pressure transducer, to measure inlet pressure, shallbe placed within 30.5 cm (12 in.) of the opening of the pumpcover.6.2.5 The inlet pressure of the pump shall be 13.8 6 7 kPa(2 6 1 psig) once the break-in procedure is complete a
33、nd testconditions have been met (see 12.2).NOTE 1See Annex A1 for recommended testing conditions forwater-based synthetic fluids.6.2.6 The reservoir should be mounted so that it can becleaned and filled with ease and the contents may be readilyinspected by removal of the reservoir lid or inspection
34、cover.6.2.7 The inlet line (from the reservoir to the pump intake)shall have an internal diameter of at least 5.08 cm (2 in.) andshall have a straight run of at least 61 cm (24 in.) to the pumpinlet port.NOTE 2Some users prefer to use a radius bend at the reservoir outletinstead of an elbow. If used
35、, the straight run described in 6.2.7, shall stillbe measured between the end of the bend and the pump inlet port.6.2.8 The high pressure discharge line (from the pump to thepressure control valve) shall have a minimum inside diameterof 114 in. with a maximum allowable working pressure ratinggreater
36、 than 207 Bar (3000 psi). A seamless steel pipe size andschedule (2 in. double extra strong pipeXXS) or equivalenthigh-pressure hose (SAE 100R1320) are recommended forthe discharge line.6.2.9 The fluid return line and fittings (from the pressurecontrol valve to the filter, flowmeter, heat exchanger,
37、 andreservoir) should have a minimum inside diameter of 2.54 cm(1 in.). A seamless steel pipe size of (1 in. Schedule 40) isrecommended.6.2.10 A shut-off valve may be located in the plumbingbetween the reservoir and the inlet to the pump. The full flowvalve shall have a minimum orifice diameter of 5
38、.08 cm (2 in.)and shall be positioned no closer than 30 cm (12 in.) from thepump inlet port.NOTE 3Some users find the addition of a shut-off valve on the returnline to be a useful addition to the piping since it allows filter changes andother system maintenance to be performed without draining the r
39、eservoir.(CautionIf a shut-off valve is installed in the fluid return line, the usershall take procedural steps to ensure that this valve has been opened beforethe pump is started. If the valve is not opened, low pressure systemcomponents may rupture.)7. Reagents and Materials7.1 (WarningUse adequat
40、e safety provisions with allsolvents.)7.2 Aliphatic Naphtha, Stoddard solvent or equivalent issatisfactory. (WarningCombustible. Vapor harmful.)7.3 Precipitation Naphtha.(WarningExtremely flam-mable. Harmful if inhaled. Vapors can cause flash fire.)7.4 Isopropanol.(WarningFlammable, vapor harmful in
41、large amounts, eye irritant, extremely combustible when hot.)(WarningIn instances when the solvents listed in Section 7are not effective, alternative solvents may be used. It is theresponsibility of the user to determine the suitability ofalternative solvents and any hazards associated with their us
42、e.)8. Test Stand Maintenance8.1 Temperature, pressure, flow sensors and shut-offswitches shall be checked periodically for proper calibrationand operation in accordance with good engineering practice, asdetermined by the user.NOTE 4If an axial turbine flowmeter is used, calibrate with 0.876specific
43、gravity, 140SUS (32cST) hydraulic oil. Perform a 10pointcalibration over a ranges of 050gpm. This calibration shall be performedby the flowmeter manufacturer or other qualified personnel.8.2 It is recommended that the pump shaft (PN 242287),shaft seal (PN 394973), and shaft bearings (PN 38441 orequi
44、valent)7(see Fig. 2) be replaced after every ten test runs (orsooner if high weight loss, vibration, cavitation, or visualdeterioration is encountered).8.3 Inspect the pump cover and body for evidence of gallingmarks or excessive wear and replace if distress is observed.Visually examine the interior
45、 of the pump cover and outletbody. Replace if evidence of deterioration is observed.8.4 Check the surface inside the pump outlet body, wherethe shaft seal is positioned, for conditions that may cause theseal to leak.8.5 Check alignment of the pump and motor shafts. Maxi-mum values of 0.08 mm (0.003
46、in.) parallel misalignment and0.3 angular misalignment are suggested limits.8.6 Alignment checks shall be made with a torqued car-tridge in place.8.7 Using a dial indicator to check run out, inspect the shaftfor a bent condition by rotating it by hand with the motorcoupling removed.8.8 Periodically
47、clean the four tapped holes, which receivethe pump head bolts and the threads of the head boltsthemselves. The threads may be coated with a light oil toD6973054prevent corrosion. To ensure even torquing of the cartridge,housings, or head bolts with damaged threads shall be dis-carded.8.9 Periodic di
48、sassembly of the relief valve for cleaning andinspection is recommended.9. Sampling9.1 The sample of fluid shall be thoroughly representative ofthe material in question, and the portion used for the test shallbe thoroughly representative of the sample itself.10. Flushing10.1 Proper cleaning and flus
49、hing of the entire system isextremely important in order to prevent cross-contamination oftest fluids.10.2 Flushing Procedure for Petroleum and Synthetic Flu-ids:NOTE 5This flushing sequence is not adequate when changing fluidtypes, such as from glycol to phosphate ester, oil to glycol, and so forth.It is the responsibility of the user to determine the suitability of alternativesolvents and any hazards associated with their use. Please referenceANSI/(NFPA) document No. T2.13.1 or ISO 7745, or both, for additionalinstructions.10.2.1 Drain all old
