1、Designation: D4869/D4869M 05 (Reapproved 2011)1Standard Specification forAsphalt-Saturated Organic Felt Underlayment Used in SteepSlope Roofing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4869/D4869M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or
2、, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEUnits information was editorially revised in July 2011.1. Scope1.1 This specification
3、covers asphalt-saturated organic feltfor use as an underlayment with steep slope roofing.1.2 The objective of this specification is to provide afinished product that will lie flat and resist wrinkling, pucker-ing, and shrinking when left exposed to the sun, rain, frost, ordew for a period of two wee
4、ks after application.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in
5、 non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 8, of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standa
6、rd to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D70 Test Method for Density of Semi-Solid BituminousMaterials (Pycnometer Method)D146 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Bitume
7、n-Saturated Felts and Woven Fabrics for Roofing and Wa-terproofingD228 Test Methods for Sampling, Testing, and Analysis ofAsphalt Roll Roofing, Cap Sheets, and Shingles Used inRoofing and WaterproofingD1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and WaterproofingD1922 Test Method for Propagation Tear Resis
8、tance ofPlastic Film and Thin Sheeting by Pendulum MethodD6136 Test Method for Kerosine Number of Unsaturated(Dry) Felt by Vacuum MethodF1087 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Stability of aGasket Material to Moisture3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms used in this speci-fication,
9、 refer to Terminology D1079.4. Classification4.1 Asphalt-saturated felts covered by this specification areof four types:4.1.1 Type I#8 Underlayment,4.1.2 Type II#13 Underlayment,4.1.3 Type III#20 Underlayment, and4.1.4 Type IV#26 Underlayment.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 In the process of manufac
10、ture, a single thickness oforganic dry felt shall be uniformly saturated with an asphalticsaturant.5.2 The felt shall be produced principally from organicfibers. The surface of the felt shall be uniform and relativelysmooth. Upon splitting or tearing on the bias, the felt shallappear free of lumps o
11、r particles of foreign substances.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 onRoofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.02on Steep Roofing Products and Assemblies.Current edition approved July 1, 2011. Published July 2011. Originally app
12、rovedin 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D4869 051. DOI: 10.1520/D4869_D4869M-05R11E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards
13、Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6. Physical Requirements6.1 The material shall conform to the physical requirementsin accordance with Table 1 and the dimensions and masses inac
14、cordance with Table 2.6.2 The finished product shall not crack nor be so sticky asto cause tearing or other damage upon being unrolled attemperatures between 0 and 60C 32 and 140F.6.3 The finished product shall pass the water shower expo-sure test in accordance with 8.3, indicating resistance to liq
15、uidwater transmission.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 The felt shall be thoroughly and uniformly saturated,and shall show no unsaturated spots at any point upon cutting50-mm 2-in. wide strips at random across the entire sheet andsplitting them open for their full length.7.2 The saturated f
16、elt may be surfaced lightly on one sidewith talc or other finely comminuted mineral material toprevent sticking in the roll.7.3 The finished material shall be free of visible externaldefects, such as holes, ragged or untrue edges, breaks, cracks,tears, protuberances, and indentations.8. Sampling and
17、 Test Methods8.1 Sample the material in accordance with Test MethodD146 and determine the properties enumerated in this specifi-cation in accordance with Test Methods D146, D228, D1922,D6136, and F1087 as specified below.8.2 Determine the saturation percent of the felt in accor-dance with Test Metho
18、d D146, Section 19 (Bituminous Satu-rant), and the saturating efficiency of the desaturated (dry) feltby the following method:8.2.1 Calculate the percent of asphalt saturation by dividingthe mass of the asphalt saturant by the mass of the desaturated(dry) felt and multiply the result by 100.8.2.2 De
19、termine the kerosine number of the desaturated(dry) felt in accordance with Test Method D6136.8.2.3 Calcutta the saturation efficiency of the felt by divid-ing the percent saturation of the asphalt saturated felt by thekerosine number times the specific gravity of the saturant andmultiply the result
20、 by 100. A suitable method for determiningthe specific gravity of the bitumen is Test Method D70.8.2.4 The precision and bias of this method for measuringkerosine value are as specified in Test Method D6136, Section12 (Precision and Bias).8.3 Determine the resistance to liquid water transmission byt
21、he following test method:8.3.1 ScopeThe purpose of this test method is to indicatethe resistance of the material to transmission of liquid waterand visible deterioration by observation of the material after awater shower is impinged for4honaninclined plane typicalof the lowest acceptable steep slope
22、 roof deck.8.3.2 Significance and UseThis test method measures theability of the underlayment to resist the transmission of liquidwater and visible deterioration by the action of water and,hence, function as intended. A function of underlayment is toprovide secondary protection to the deck and under
23、lyingstructure by shielding these components from rain water thatmay be driven under the shingles by wind. Knowledge of theresistance of underlayment to liquid water transmission isimportant to the assessment of its suitability for use as asecondary protective layer beneath any steep slope roofing.8
24、.3.3 ApparatusThe water exposure tester consists of thefollowing components (see Fig. 1):8.3.3.1 One Head, mounted above sink. The head should becapable of providing a heavy shower as described below.8.3.3.2 Cold, 5 to 27C 40 to 80F, Tap Water supply tothe shower and appropriate sink and drain to co
25、llect water runoff.8.3.3.3 Stopwatch, 20-L 5-gal pail, and volumetric mea-suring vessel.8.3.3.4 Plywood,38-in., 380 by 760 mm 15 by 30 in., fortest specimen support.8.3.4 Procedure:8.3.4.1 Mount each single thickness sheet specimen on aplywood board by overlapping and folding over all edges andstapl
26、ing the specimen on the back of the board. Take care toensure that the staples do not protrude at the front surface of theplywood board so as not to puncture the test specimen.8.3.4.2 After sample preparation, condition the board at 21to 27C 70 to 80F and 30 to 55 % relative humidity for 24h before
27、testing.8.3.4.3 Position the test board in the sink at a 14 inclinewith the shower head directly overhead and 460 mm 18 in.above the center of the test board. The shower should impingean area of approximately 250 to 300 mm 10 to 12 in. indiameter.8.3.4.4 Open the water supply to the shower head and
28、adjustthe flow regulator to provide a flow of 42 to 44 cm3/s 40 to 42gal/h. Calibrate the volume of water by collecting the showerTABLE 1 Physical RequirementsType I Type II Type III Type IVTear strength, 23 6 2C 73 6 4F min, N lbf(both cross and with direction of sheet)2.00.452.00.454.00.904.00.90P
29、liability at 23 6 2C 73 6 4F. Ten stripstested shall not crack when bent 90 at auniform speed over a rounded corner ofradius in table for each type.12.7 mm0.50 in.12.7 mm0.50 in.19.1 mm0.75 in.19.1 mm0.75 in.Loss on heating at 105C 221F for 5 h max, % 6 6 6 6Liquid water transmission test Pass Pass
30、Pass PassBreaking strength at 23 6 2C 73 6 4F, kN/mlbf/in., min MD and CD5.3 302.6 155.3 302.6 157.0 403.5 207.0 403.5 20Dimensional stability, max, %(MD and CD, from Low Humidity to High Humidity)2.00 2.00 1.75 1.75D4869/D4869M 05 (2011)12output in a 20-L 5-gal pail for 1 min and then measure in am
31、easuring vessel. Run the water shower for 4 h.8.3.4.5 At the end of the test period, shut off the watersupply and wipe the surface and edges of the test board free ofexcess dripping water.8.3.4.6 Using a sharp knife, carefully cut the three edges ofthe specimen on the board to avoid accidental wetti
32、ng of theback surface of the test specimen. Then turn over the specimenand inspect for any sign of wetness on the underside. Alsoinspect the top of the plywood board for wetness. Inspect thespecimen for any visible signs of deterioration by the action ofwater.8.3.4.7 Test two specimens from each rol
33、l of product asabove to determine compliance with this test requirement.TABLE 2 Dimensions and MassesType I Type II Type III Type IVWidth of the roll, mm in.A914 36 6 0.7 % 914 36 6 0.7 % 914 36 6 0.7 % 914 36 6 0.7 %Area of the roll, m2ft2,Amin 40.13 432 40.13 432 20.07 216 20.07 216Net mass of sat
34、urated felt, g/m2lb/100 ft2, min390 8.0 635 13.0 976 20 1270 26Net mass of saturant, g/m2lb/100 ft2, min195 4.0 293 6.0 615 12.6 732 15.0Net mass of desaturated felt, g/m2lb/100 ft2, min195 4.0 244 5.0 439 9.0 488 10.0Saturation, % by wt., min 100 120 140 150Moisture, % by wt.B, min 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0S
35、aturating efficiency, % by wt., min 75.0 70.0 70.0 70.0AOther areas and widths can be provided as agreed upon by purchaser and seller.BAt time of manufacture.FIG. 1 Water Shower Exposure Test for UnderlaymentD4869/D4869M 05 (2011)138.3.5 ResultsLiquid water transmission, the lack of trans-mission, o
36、r evidence of visible deterioration in this test isexpressed as follows:P No sign of any liquid water wetnessA on either specimen underside or topS of plywood support or visibleS deterioration of the specimen.F Any sign of liquid water wetness onA either specimen underside or top ofI plywood support
37、 or visibleL deterioration of the specimen.8.3.6 Precision and BiasNo statement is made abouteither the precision or bias of this test method for measuringresistance to liquid water transmission since the result merelystates whether there is conformance to the criteria for successas specified in the
38、 procedure.8.4 Testing of the material for Dimensional Stability shallbe done in accordance with Test Method F1087 except asmodified here.8.4.1 Three specimens should be dried per Section 7 of TestMethod F1087 for Dimensional Stability to Low Humidity.Record the length and width of the specimens aft
39、er drying andrecord as the bone-dry length dimension initial readings of thespecimens.8.4.2 The specimens are then tested according to 7.3 of TestMethod F1087 for Dimensional Stability to High Humidity.Measure the samples in the same place as previously measuredfor dry specimens and record as final
40、readings.8.4.3 Report the results as percent dimensional change fromlow humidity (dry) measurements to high humidity measure-ments calculated using the following equation:8.4.3.1 Low humidity to high humidity:DL%5Lh LlLl3 100where:Ll= low humidity (dry) length of sample,Lh= high humidity length of s
41、ample, andDL%= the percent change in length from low to highhumidity.8.4.4 Calculate and report the average percent change inlength of the three individual specimens. The change reportedis the change from low humidity (dry) to high humiditymeasurements.9. Inspection9.1 Inspection of the material sha
42、ll be made as agreed uponbetween the purchaser and the supplier as a part of the purchasecontract.10. Rejection and Resubmittal10.1 Failure to conform to any of the requirements pre-scribed in this specification shall constitute grounds for rejec-tion. In case of rejection, the seller shall have the
43、 right toreinspect the rejected material and resubmit the lot afterremoval of those packages not conforming to the requirements.11. Packaging and Marking11.1 The rolls shall be securely wrapped or banded withmaterial that completely encircles the roll in a manner that willprevent slipping.11.2 No ro
44、ll shall contain more than two pieces, and nomore than 3 % of the rolls in any lot shall contain two pieces.11.3 Unless otherwise specified, each package shall beplainly marked with the manufacturers name, brand name,ASTM designation, and type of underlayment.12. Keywords12.1 asphalt-saturated felt;
45、 roofing; steep slope;underlaymentASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risko
46、f infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this
47、standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake yo
48、ur views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D4869/D4869M 05 (2011)14
