欢迎来到麦多课文档分享! | 帮助中心 海量文档,免费浏览,给你所需,享你所想!
麦多课文档分享
全部分类
  • 标准规范>
  • 教学课件>
  • 考试资料>
  • 办公文档>
  • 学术论文>
  • 行业资料>
  • 易语言源码>
  • ImageVerifierCode 换一换
    首页 麦多课文档分享 > 资源分类 > PDF文档下载
    分享到微信 分享到微博 分享到QQ空间

    ASTM D4135-1982(2004) Standard Practice for Sampling Phytoplankton With Depth-Integrating Samplers《用深度综合采样器采集可繁殖海洋浮游生物》.pdf

    • 资源ID:516354       资源大小:70.45KB        全文页数:4页
    • 资源格式: PDF        下载积分:10000积分
    快捷下载 游客一键下载
    账号登录下载
    微信登录下载
    二维码
    微信扫一扫登录
    下载资源需要10000积分(如需开发票,请勿充值!)
    邮箱/手机:
    温馨提示:
    如需开发票,请勿充值!快捷下载时,用户名和密码都是您填写的邮箱或者手机号,方便查询和重复下载(系统自动生成)。
    如需开发票,请勿充值!如填写123,账号就是123,密码也是123。
    支付方式: 支付宝扫码支付    微信扫码支付   
    验证码:   换一换

    加入VIP,交流精品资源
     
    账号:
    密码:
    验证码:   换一换
      忘记密码?
        
    友情提示
    2、PDF文件下载后,可能会被浏览器默认打开,此种情况可以点击浏览器菜单,保存网页到桌面,就可以正常下载了。
    3、本站不支持迅雷下载,请使用电脑自带的IE浏览器,或者360浏览器、谷歌浏览器下载即可。
    4、本站资源下载后的文档和图纸-无水印,预览文档经过压缩,下载后原文更清晰。
    5、试题试卷类文档,如果标题没有明确说明有答案则都视为没有答案,请知晓。

    ASTM D4135-1982(2004) Standard Practice for Sampling Phytoplankton With Depth-Integrating Samplers《用深度综合采样器采集可繁殖海洋浮游生物》.pdf

    1、Designation: D 4135 82 (Reapproved 2004)Standard Practice forSampling Phytoplankton With Depth-Integrating Samplers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4135; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the yea

    2、r of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This practice covers the procedures for obtaining quan-titative samples of a phytoplankton community by use ofde

    3、pth-integrating sampler. The method is suitable for use inflowing waters.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine

    4、the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Fig. 32. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 4137 Practice for Preserving Phytoplankton Samples3. Summary of Practice3.1 A depth-integrated sample is collected by means of asampler that integrates stream discharge as a function of dept

    5、h.The velocity of flow in a stream, as well the density ofphytoplankton, varies both vertically and horizontally. Depthintegration is used to collect a sample that is weightedaccording to the velocity at each increment of depth.3Thephytoplankton may be preserved as dictated by the objectivesof the s

    6、tudy.4. Significance and Use4.1 The advantages of the depth-integrating samplers are asfollows:4.1.1 The samplers provide the only means by which arepresentative sample of phytoplankton can be obtained from astream.4.1.2 The variety of sampler designs result in the availabil-ity of a sampler that ca

    7、n be used in virtually all velocities offlow.4.1.3 Samples of known volumes can be obtained.4.1.4 A quantitative sample is obtained. Nanno- and ultra-plankton are not lost from the sampling device.4.1.5 Some of the samplers can be used in water up to 55 mdeep.4.1.6 Many of the samplers are light-wei

    8、ght and can be usedwithout auxiliary equipment.4.2 The disadvantages of the depth-integrating samplers areas follows:4.2.1 The samplers can be used only in flowing streamshaving a velocity greater than 1.5 ft3/s.4.2.2 Some of the samplers are heavy and require the use ofauxiliary equipment, such as

    9、a crane with hoist.4.2.3 The collection of samples can be very time-consuming.4.3 There are several special considerations that shall beobserved when using depth-integrating samplers. They are asfollows:4.3.1 The nozzle of the sampler should be inspected peri-odically for chips, cracks, or other sig

    10、ns of damage andreplaced as necessary.4.3.2 The sample from each vertical profile must be com-bined with other similar samples in a common container. If thecombined sample is subsequently subdivided, it must bethoroughly mixed before doing so.5. Apparatus5.1 Several depth-integrating samplers are in

    11、 widespreaduse in water-quality studies and have been described bySubcommittee D19.07 on Sedimentation,4(Figs. 1-3). All thesamplers have the same basic design. They consist of ahydrodynamically designed, weighted body into which isplaced the sample container. The rear of the sampler containsseveral

    12、 vanes for stabilizing the sampler into the direction ofstream flow. The size and weight of the samplers vary. Thecommon sampler types have been designated as DH-49,DH-74, P-61, and D-77 by Subcommittee D19.07.6. Procedure6.1 One of the best sampling techniques currently acceptedby hydrologists for

    13、use in such situations is the equal-transit1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E47 on BiologicalEffects and Environmental Fate and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeE47.01 on Aquatic Assessment and Toxicology.Current edition approved April 1, 2004. Published April 20

    14、04. Originallyapproved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 4135 82 (1998).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Su

    15、mmary page onthe ASTM website.3Colby, B. R., “Relationship of Sediment Discharge to Streamflow,” U.S.Geology Survey, Open-File Report, 1956, 170 pp.4Subcommittee on Sedimentation, Interagency Committee on Water Resources,“Determination of Fluvial Sediment Discharge,” Federal Interagency Commissionon

    16、 Water Resources, Minneapolis, MN, Report, Vol 14, 1963, 151 pp.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.rate (ETR) method.5In this method, the standard suspended-sediment sampler is used to collect a discharge-weightedsample.

    17、 Samples are taken at a number of equally spacedverticals in the cross section. The transit rate of the sampler,which is the rate of movement of the sampler from the watersurface to the stream bed and back to the surface, should be thesame at all verticals. Samples collected in each vertical arecomp

    18、osited into a single sample that is representative of theentire flow in the cross section. Preserve the plankton asdescribed in Practice D 4137.5Guy, H. P., and Norman, V. W., “Field Methods of Measurement of FluvialSediment,” U.S. Geological Survey, Technology of Water-Resources Investigations,Book

    19、 3, Chapter C2, 1970, 59 pp.(a) D-11-48FIG. 1 Depth-Integrating SamplersD 4135 82 (2004)2(b) D-77FIG. 2 Depth-Integrating SamplersD 4135 82 (2004)3ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users o

    20、f this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every fiv

    21、e years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical c

    22、ommittee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA

    23、 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).(c) P-61FIG. 3 Depth-Integrating SamplersD 4135 82 (2004)4


    注意事项

    本文(ASTM D4135-1982(2004) Standard Practice for Sampling Phytoplankton With Depth-Integrating Samplers《用深度综合采样器采集可繁殖海洋浮游生物》.pdf)为本站会员(eastlab115)主动上传,麦多课文档分享仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对上载内容本身不做任何修改或编辑。 若此文所含内容侵犯了您的版权或隐私,请立即通知麦多课文档分享(点击联系客服),我们立即给予删除!




    关于我们 - 网站声明 - 网站地图 - 资源地图 - 友情链接 - 网站客服 - 联系我们

    copyright@ 2008-2019 麦多课文库(www.mydoc123.com)网站版权所有
    备案/许可证编号:苏ICP备17064731号-1 

    收起
    展开