1、Designation: D3910 11D3910 15Standard Practices forDesign, Testing, and Construction of Slurry Seal1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3910; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio
2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 These practices cover the design, testing, a
3、nd construction of mixtures for surface treatment of pavements. It is written asa guide and should be used as such. End-use specifications should be adapted to conform to job and user requirements.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The non-SI units used in this sta
4、ndard are allowed by thesub-committee for clarification in the use of the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and
5、determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C128 Test Method for Relative Density (Specific Gravity) and Absorption of Fine AggregateD242 Specification for Mineral Filler For Bituminous Paving MixturesD977 Specification for Emulsified
6、AsphaltD1073 Specification for Fine Aggregate for Bituminous Paving MixturesD2397 Specification for Cationic Emulsified AsphaltD2419 Test Method for Sand Equivalent Value of Soils and Fine AggregateE145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-Ventilation Ovens2.2 Other Documents:3ISSA A105 R
7、ecommended Performance Guidelines For Emulsified Asphalt Slurry SealISSATechnical Bulletin No. 139 Test Method to Classify EmulsifiedAsphalt/Aggregate Mixture Systems by Modified CohesionTester Measurement of Set and Cure Characteristics.3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standa
8、rd:3.1.1 emulsified asphalt slurry seal mixtures as related to these practices, mixtures of fine aggregate with or without mineralfiller, with or without mixing water, uniformly mixed with emulsified asphalt.4. Significance and Use4.1 These slurry seal practices are written as a guide and should not
9、 be construed as specifications.4.2 End-use specifications should be adopted to conform to job and user requirements.5. Design5.1 Aggregates:1 These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materialsand are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.24 onBitum
10、inousAsphalt Surface Treatments.Current edition approved June 1, 2011June 15, 2015. Published July 2011September 2015. Originally approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 20072011 asD3910 07.D3910 11. DOI: 10.1520/D3910-11.10.1520/D3910-15.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM web
11、site, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from the International Slurry Surfacing Association, 3 Church Circle, PMB 250, Annapolis, MD 21401
12、.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior ed
13、itions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.1.1 The fine aggregate shall consist of natur
14、al or manufactured sand, slag, crushed fines or other mineral aggregate thatconforms to the quality requirements of Specification D1073.5.1.2 Recommended grading requirements are shown in Table 1. These requirements are taken from those given in ISSAA105.5.1.3 Smooth-textured sand of less than 1.25
15、% water absorption shall not exceed 50 % of the total combined aggregate. (Forheavy duty surface requirements, use 100 % crushed material.)5.1.4 When tested by Test Method D2419, the combined aggregate prior to the addition of any chemically active mineral fillersshall have a sand equivalent of not
16、less than 45.5.2 Mineral Filler:5.2.1 Mineral fillers are of two types, chemically active and chemically inactive. Both shall conform to Specification D242.5.2.2 Chemically active mineral fillers such as portland cement, hydrated lime, and ammonium sulfate are used to improve theworkability, regulat
17、e the setting time and, in some cases, to alter the aggregate gradation.5.2.3 Chemically inactive mineral fillers such as limestone dust, flyash, and rock dust are used mainly to alter aggregategradation.5.3 Emulsified AsphaltThe emulsified asphalt shall conform to Grade SS-1h of Specification D977,
18、 for emulsified asphalt, orGrade CSS-1h of Specification D2397, for cationic emulsified asphalt.5.3.1 Quick-Set emulsified asphalts, QS-1h and CQS-1h may also be used. They shall conform to Specifications D977 andD2397 respectively, except that the test requirements for cement mixing and storage sta
19、bility shall not apply. , respectively. Referto the International Slurry Surfacing Association (ISSA) Bulletin No. 139.5.4 Composition of Slurry Seal Mixtures:5.4.1 A job mixture shall be selected that conforms to the specification limits, and that is suitable for the traffic, climaticconditions, cu
20、ring conditions, and final use. All materials to be used shall be pretested for their suitability in the mixture asdescribed in Section 6.5.4.2 The mixture shall attain an initial set in not less than 15 min nor more than 12 h. The setting time may be regulated bythe addition of mineral fillers or c
21、hemical agents.5.4.3 The mixture shall be one of three types, whose combined aggregates conform to the gradation requirements of Table 1.5.4.3.1 Type 1I is suitable to seal cracks, fill voids, and correct surface erosion conditions. The residual asphalt content shallbe from 10 to 16 weight % of dry
22、aggregate. It shall be applied at a rate of 3.3 to 5.4 kg/m2 (6 to 10 lb/yd2). This type is usedon airfields where surface sealing and skid resistance are the primary needs.5.4.3.2 Type 2II is suitable to fill surface voids, correct severe surface erosion conditions, and provide a minimum wearingsur
23、face. The residual asphalt content shall be from 7.5 to 13.5 weight % of dry aggregate. It shall be applied at a rate of 5.4 to 8.2kg/m2 (10 to 15 lb/yd2). This type is used on airfields and pavements that are severely eroded, or have numerous cracks. It mayalso be used as wearing surface on bitumin
24、ous base courses or soil-cement bases, or as a sealer on stabilized base courses.5.4.3.3 Type 3III is suitable to provide a new wearing surface or build up a crown. The residual asphalt content shall be from6.5 to 12 weight % of dry aggregate. It shall be applied at a rate of 8.2 or more kg/m2 (15 o
25、r more lb/yd2).5.4.4 Consistency TestThis test is used to determine optimum mix design for aggregate, filler, water, and emulsion. A flowof 2 to 3 cm (1 in.) is considered to be the consistency normally required for a workable field mix (see 6.1).5.4.5 Set TimeThis test determines the time required
26、for slurry to reach initial set with paper blot method. A properlymix-designed slurry should be set at the end of 12 h. C128-hA1 h set time is considered acceptable for a quick setting slurry (see6.2).5.4.6 Cure TimeThis test is used to determine initial cohesion of slurry mat and resistance to traf
27、fic.Aproperly designed slurrymix should be completely cured at the end of 24 h after placement (see 6.3).5.4.7 Wet Track Abrasion TestThis test method covers measurement of the wearing qualities of slurry seal under wet abrasionconditions.NOTE 1As a guide, slurry shall not show a loss of more than 8
28、07.44 g/m75 2 (75 g/ft2)TABLE 1 Grading Requirements for AggregateSieve Size Amount Passing Sieve, weight %Type 1I Type 2II Type 3III38 in. (9.5 mm) 100 100 100No. 4 (4.75 mm) 100 90 to 100 70 to 90No. 8 (2.36 mm) 90 to 100 65 to 90 45 to 70No. 16 (1.18 mm) 65 to 90 45 to 70 28 to 50No. 30 (600 m) 4
29、0 to 60 30 to 50 19 to 34No. 50 (300 m) 25 to 42 18 to 30 12 to 25No. 100 (150 m) 15 to 30 10 to 21 7 to 18No. 200 (75 m) 10 to 20 5 to 15 5 to 15D3910 1526. Test Methods for Emulsified Asphalt Slurry Seal6.1 Consistency Test:6.1.1 This test method is used to determine the proper consistency (mix de
30、sign) for a slurry seal mixture.6.1.2 The consistency test should be performed as a method of determining the optimum mix design (proper ratio of aggregate,filler, water, and emulsion) as related to proper consistency for pavement surface placement. Several mixes are made using driedaggregate and va
31、rious ratios of portland cement, or hydrated lime and or chemical modifier, or both, water and asphalt emulsion.Mix time shall be for no less than 1 min and not longer than 3 min when mixed at 25 6 1C (77 6 3F).1C.NOTE 2Ideal relative humidity for this test is 50 6 5 %. Results will vary at differen
32、t relative humidity values.6.1.3 Mold, metal or plastic, in the form of a frustum of a cone 38 mm (112 in.) in diameter at the top, 89 mm (312 in.) indiameter at the bottom and 76 mm (3 in.) in height (see Test Method C128 and Fig. 1).6.1.4 The center of a 228 by 228-mm (9 by 9-in.) piece of 3-mm (1
33、8-in.) thick metal plate is inscribed with a circle 89 mm (312in.) in diameter. Three to four additional circles, each 13 mm (12 in.) greater in diameterradius than the preceding circle, areinscribed on the metal plate around the center circle.NOTE 3Plastic plates are subject to eventual crazing and
34、 abrasion loss of the inscribed circles.6.1.5 The mold as described in 6.1.3 is loosely filled with a test slurry mix and struck off. The mold and contents are theninverted in the center of the metal plate as described in 6.1.4 by placing the inscribed surface of the metal plate on the slurry-filled
35、cone which, while holding cone and plate firmly together, is quickly inverted. The mold is removed and the contents allowed toflow over the inscribed circles until flow of the slurry stops. Project aggregate and emulsion grade are considered essential forproper relevancy of the method.NOTE 4Referenc
36、ed ISSA Technical Bulletin No. 106 titled “Measurement of Slurry Seal Consistency.”36.2 Set Time:6.2.1 This test method is used to determine the time required for the slurry mat to reach initial set (resistance to paper blot).6.2.2 The slurry mix or mixtures that provide the desired consistency shal
37、l be repeated to determine their setting characteristics.A mix passing the consistency test is poured onto a 152 by 152-mm (6 by 6-in.) asphalt felt pad (13.6 kg (30 lb)lb roofing felt)and screeded to 6 mm (14 in.) thickness using a 6-mm template. At the end of 15 min, at 25 6 1C (77 6 3F) and 506 a
38、nd 506 5 % relative humidity, a white paper towel or tissue is lightly pressed or blotted on the slurry surface. If no brown stain istransferred to the paper, the slurry is considered set. If a brown stain does appear, repeat the blot procedure at 15-min intervals.After 3 h of blotting, 30-min (or l
39、onger) blot intervals would be suitable. Record and report the time required to obtain a stain-freeblot as the set time.6.3 Cure Time:6.3.1 Total cure of a slurry mat is obtained when complete cohesion between asphalt-coated aggregate particles occurs. Acohesion testing device is used to measure cur
40、e time.6.3.2 A slurry mix of optimum design obtained from use of the consistency test (see 5.4.4), is screeded onto a roofing felt padto a thickness not exceeding the height of the largest aggregate fragment present in the mix. A template is recommended to obtainuniform thickness of the slurry mat.6
41、.3.3 After set of the slurry mat has occurred (5.4.5),(5.4.5), the mat is placed beneath the pneumatically actuated rubber foot(25.4 mm (1 in.) in diameter) of the cohesion tester (see 6.3.4).4 A pressure of 193200 kPa (28(28.55 psi) is considered to beequivalent to that exerted by an average automo
42、bile. The rubber foot is twisted by means of a hand torque tester (see 6.3.4) whichreads in inch pounds or inch ounces (see kilogram-centimetres. Table 2). The torque procedure is repeated at 1530 15 to 30 minintervals until the highest torque reading obtainable remains constant. An undisturbed site
43、 on the slurry pad should be selected foreach time-interval test. The time required to reach a constant maximum torque or until the rubber foot rides freely over slurry matwithout any aggregate particles being dislodged, is recorded as the cure time.6.3.4 Cohesion tester is a lightweight, portable d
44、evice which can be adjusted to apply varying pressure to a slurry pad (see Figs.21 and 32). Torque can be applied with a torqometer. The cohesion tester can be used in the laboratory or field and can be pressuredwith in-house air, a portable compressor, or a simple bicycle tire pump.6.4 Wet Track Ab
45、rasion Test:6.4.1 Summary of Test Method:6.4.1.1 A slurry mixture of fine graded aggregate, asphalt emulsion, and water is prepared to a homogeneous flowingconsistency (see consistency test). The slurry is formed into a disk by pouring in the circular opening of a poly(methyl)methacrylate (PMMA) tem
46、plate resting on a larger circlet of 13.62-kg (30-lb) 30-lb roofing felt.6.4.1.2 After removal of the template, the disk-shaped specimen is dried to constant weight at 60C (140F). 60C. The curedslurry is placed in a water bath for 1 h, then mechanically abraded under water with a rubber hose for 5 m
47、in. The abraded specimen4 A suitable rubber foot, having a durometer hardness range of 50 to 70, can be cut from a used automobile tire.70.D3910 153is washed free of debris, dried at 60C (140F) and weighed. The loss in weight expressed as grams per square metre (or squarefoot) is reported as the wea
48、r value (WTAT loss).6.4.2 Apparatus:6.4.2.1 Balance, capable of weighing 5 0005000 g to within6 1.0within 61.0 g.6.4.2.2 Planetary Type Mechanical Stirrer, (such as the Hobart Model N-50, Model C-100 or ModelA-120 made by the HobartManufacturing Co., Troy, Ohio) equipped with a (5-lb) weighted rubbe
49、r hose holding device (abrasion head) with about 12.7-mm(12-in.) free up-and-down movement in the shaft sleeve (Fig. 43).6.4.2.3 Heavy(3.218-in.) mm) Flat-Bottom Metal Pan, approximately 330 mm (13 in.) in diameter with 51-mm (2-in.)vertical side walls (20 gage or heavier) having four equispaced screw clamps capable of securing 285 mm (1114 in.) diameterspecimen to bottom of pan (Fig. 54).6.4.2.4 Suitable Heavy Gage Round Bottom Bowl, to contain the sample during mixing.6.4.2.5 Long-Handled Serving Spoon, of sufficient length to project 101
