1、Designation: D 2866 94 (Reapproved 2004)Standard Test Method forTotal Ash Content of Activated Carbon1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2866; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi
2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the determi-nation of total ash content of activated carbon.1.2 This standard does
3、not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and deterrmine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Stand
4、ards:2D 2867 Test Methods for Moisture in Activated CarbonE 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine Precision of a Test Method3. Summary of Test Method3.1 An accurately weighed sample of dried activate
5、d carbonis placed in a controlled-temperature muffle furnace for aperiod of several hours. When constant weight has beenachieved, the crucible is cooled to ambient temperature in adesiccator and reweighed. The weight of the ashed carbon isexpresesed as a percentage of the weight of the original carb
6、onsample.4. Significance and Use4.1 In specific end uses, the amount and composition of theash may influence the capabilities and certain desired proper-ties of activated carbon.5. Apparatus5.1 Muffle Furnace, having air circulation, capable of tem-perature regulation of 625C at 650C.5.2 High-Temper
7、ature Crucible, high-form.5.3 Analytical Balance, having a sensitivity of 0.1 mg.5.4 Desiccator.5.5 Oven, forced-air circulation, capable of temperatureregulation between 145 and 155C.6. Procedure6.1 Ignite the crucible in the muffle furnace at 6506 25Cfor 1 h. Place the crucible in the desiccator.
8、Cool to roomtemperature and weigh to the nearest 0.1 mg.6.2 Dry an adequate sample of activated carbon to constantweight at 150 6 5C (3 h is usually sufficient).NOTE 1Some carbons can ignite spontaneously at 150C. In this case,moist carbon should be used with a correction for moisture (in accordance
9、with Methods D 2867) applied in the calculations. In this case, the ashingshould be started in a cold muffle furnace.6.3 Weigh out to the nearest 0.1 mg sufficient dried acti-vated carbon, so that the estimated amount of ash will be 0.1 g,into the ignited crucible and place the crucible in the furna
10、ce at650 6 25C. Ashing will require from 3 to 16 h, depending onthe size and type of activated carbon.Ashing can be consideredcomplete when constant weight is achieved.6.4 Place the crucible in the desiccator and allow to cool toroom temperature. After the sample has cooled in the desicca-tor, admit
11、 air slowly to avoid loss of ash from the crucible.Weigh to the nearest 0.1 mg.7. Calculation7.1 Calculate the ash content as follows:Total ash, % 5 D 2 B!/C 2 B!# 3 100 (1)where:B = weight of crucible, g,C = weight of crucible plus original sample, g, andD = weight of crucible plus ashed sample, g.
12、8. Precision and Bias38.1 Precision:8.1.1 Interlaboratory Test ProgramAn interlaboratorystudy was run in which representative samples of three types of1This test method is under the jurisidiction of ASTM Committee D-28 onActivated Carbon and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D28.04 on Gas
13、Phase Evaluation Tests.Current edition approved April 1, 2004. Published June 2004. Originallyapproved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D 2866 94 (1999).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Ann
14、ual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting RR: D 28-1004.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Con
15、shohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.activated carbon (coconut-shell based ( A), coal-based (B), andwood-based (C) were tested for ash content by six laboratorieswith each laboratory making three observations of each acti-vated carbon type over three days. Practice E 691 was followedfor the desig
16、n and analysis of the data.8.1.2 Test ResultThe precision information given inTable 1 in units of measurement (percent minus weight ashcontent) is for the comparison of two test results, each of whichis the average of three test determinations.ASTM International takes no position respecting the vali
17、dity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subj
18、ect to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquar
19、ters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standar
20、d is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or servi
21、ceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).TABLE 1 PrecisionMaterial A B CAverage Test Value 7.74 1.88 4.6195 % Repeatability LimitA(Within Laboratory)0.27 0.22 0.2295 % Reproducibility LimitA(Between Laboratories)0.41 0.54 0.48AThe terms repeatability limit and reproducibility limit are used in accordance with Practice E 177. The respective standard deviations among test results may beobtained by dividing the above limit values by 2.8.D 2866 94 (2004)2
