1、Designation: D 2854 09Standard Test Method forApparent Density of Activated Carbon1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2854; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in p
2、arentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the appar-ent densit
3、y of granular activated carbon. For purposes of thistest method, granular activated carbon is defined as a minimumof 90 % being larger than 80 mesh.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not p
4、urport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2
5、D 2862 Test Method for Particle Size Distribution ofGranular Activated CarbonD 2867 Test Methods for Moisture in Activated CarbonE 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE 300 Practice for Sampling Industrial ChemicalsE 542 Practice for Calibration of Laboratory Volu
6、metricApparatus3. Summary of Test Method3.1 Apparent density (bulk density) is determined on agranular sample by measuring the volume packed by a free fallfrom a vibrating feeder into an appropriately sized graduatedcylinder and determining the mass of the known volume. Othermethods for determining
7、apparent density of granular orpowdered materials exist. These may involve vibration ortapping of the receiving vessel either while it is being filled orafterwards. Application of these methods to granular activatedcarbon may give packed density values that differ from thosedetermined by this test m
8、ethod.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method provides a method for determining thepacked density of a bed of granular activated carbon. Deter-mination of the packed density is essential when designingvessels to hold the material and for ordering purposes whenprocuring materials to fill existing
9、 vessels.5. Apparatus (see Fig. 1)5.1 Reservoir Funnel, fabricated of glass or metal.5.2 Feed Funnel, glass or metal.5.3 Vibratory Feeder,3such as shown in Fig. 1 or similar.5.4 Cylinders, graduated 100, 250, or 500 mL, calibrated “tocontain” (TC).5.5 Balance, having a sensitivity of 0.1 g or better
10、.6. Procedure6.1 Select a 100, 250, or 500 mL graduated cylinderappropriate for the particle size of the activated carbon to betested. The inside diameter of the cylinder shall be at least 10times the mean particle diameter (MPD) as determined by TestMethod D 2862.6.2 If desired, the graduated cylin
11、der may be calibrated bythe user in accordance with Practice E 542.6.3 Obtain a representative sample of activated carbon inaccordance with Practice E 300. Carefully place the sample ofactivated carbon into the reservoir funnel so that the materialdoes not prematurely flow into the graduated cylinde
12、r. If thisoccurs, return the material to the reservoir funnel.6.4 The feed funnel should have an outside diameter whichjust fits inside the chosen graduated cylinder. Adjust the heightof the reservoir funnel above the vibrator trough so that a freeflow of material is obtained. The drawing in Fig. 1
13、shows atypical apparatus using a 100 mL TC graduated cylinder.6.5 Add the sample to the cylinder using the vibratoryfeeder through the feed funnel. Adjust the flow rate control to1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D28 onActivated Carbon and is the direct responsibility of
14、Subcommittee D28.04 on GasPhase Evaluation Tests.Current edition approved April 1, 2009. Published May 2009. Originallyapproved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D 2854 96 (2004).2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at
15、 serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3A suitable vibratory feeder is the model F-TO vibrating feeder with standardtrough 112 by 12 in. and controller. This unit is available from FMC Corporation,Materia
16、l Handling Equipment Division, 57 Cooper Ave., Homer City, PA 15748.Similar equipment is available from other suppliers.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.fill the cylinder at a uniform rate not less than 0.75 orexceedin
17、g 1.0 mL/s up to the mark corresponding to thevolume chosen. The graduated cylinder shall be filled to at least50 % of its capacity.6.6 Transfer the contents from the cylinder to a balance panand weigh to the nearest 0.1 g.7. Calculation7.1 Calculate the as-received apparent density as follows:as2re
18、ceived apparent density, g/mL5mass of activated carbon in gramscarbon volume in millilitres(1)7.2 Calculate the apparent density on the dry basis asfollows:dry apparent density, g/mL5 as2received apparent density3S1 2% moisture100D(2)Percent moisture is determined using Test Method D 2867.8. Report8
19、.1 The report should include the following:8.1.1 Complete identification of the sample, includingsource, manufacturers lot number, and carbon type.8.1.2 The volume of the graduated cylinder and the volumeof carbon used in the test.8.1.3 The as-received apparent density, the apparent density(dry basi
20、s), and the percent moisture.9. Precision and Bias9.1 An interlaboratory study was run in which samples ofthree types of activated carbon were tested for as-receivedapparent density in each of five laboratories (the 8 by 30 meshcoal carbon was tested in six laboratories).49.2 The precision informati
21、on given in Table 1 in grams permillilitre is for the comparison of two test results, each ofwhich is the average of three test determinations.9.3 The terms in Table 1 (repeatability limit and reproduc-ibility limit) are used as specified in Practice E 177. Therespective standard deviations among te
22、st results may beobtained by dividing the above limit values by 2.8.4Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR: D28-1005.FIG. 1 Assembly of ApparatusTABLE 1 Precision Information8 by 30 Coal 4 by 10 Coco 4 mm PelletAverage
23、apparent density 0.504 g/mL 0.500 g/mL 0.505 g/mL95 % repeatability limit (withinlaboratory)0.008 g/mL 0.007 g/mL 0.009 g/mL95 % reproducibility limit(between laboratories)0.014 g/mL 0.025 g/mL 0.034 g/mLD 2854 0929.4 This method has no bias because apparent density ofactivated carbon is defined in
24、terms of this test method.10. Keywords10.1 activated carbon; granular activated carbonASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of t
25、he validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Yo
26、ur comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comment
27、s have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 2854 093
