1、Designation: D 564 87 (Reapproved 2002)Standard Test Methods forLiquid Paint Driers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 564; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in p
2、arentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover the test procedures to beapplied to liq
3、uid paint driers used in paints and relatedcoatings. Typical paint driers, listed in Specification D 600, arecarboxylates of lead, cobalt, manganese, zinc, iron, calcium,and zirconium.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is ther
4、esponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 234 Specification for Raw Linseed Oil2D 235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleu
5、m Spirits)(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)3D 600 Specification for Liquid Paint Driers3D 1544 Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids(Gardner Color Scale)4D 1640 Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Forma-tion of Organic Coatings at Room Temperature4D 1644 Test Methods for Nonvolatile Con
6、tent of Varnishes4D 2090 Test Method for Clarity and Cleanness of Paint andInk Liquids2D 2373 Test Method for Determination of Cobalt in PaintDriers by EDTA Method4D 2374 Test Method for Lead in Paint Driers by EDTAMethod4D 2375 Test Method for Manganese in Paint Driers byEDTA Method4D 2613 Test Met
7、hod for Calcium or Zinc in Paint Driers byEDTA Method4D 3804 Test Method for Iron in Paint Driers by EDTAMethod4D 3924 Specification for Standard Environment for Condi-tioning and Testing Paint, Varnish, Lacquer, and RelatedMaterials4D 3969 Test Method for Zirconium in Paint Driers byEDTA Method4D 3
8、970 Test Method for Cerium in Paint Driers by Oxidi-metric Determination4D 3980 Practice for Interlaboratory Testing of Paint andRelated Materials4D 3988 Test Method for Vanadium in Paint Driers by EDTAMethod4D 3989 Test Method for Total Rare Earth Metals in PaintDriers by EDTA Method43. Significanc
9、e and Use3.1 Driers accelerate the drying of oil, paint, printing ink,and varnish.3.2 These test methods are applicable to liquid driersmanufactured for use in paints and related coatings.3.3 The tests for metallic content using ethylenediaminetet-raacetic acid dihydrate (EDTA) are intended for conc
10、entratedsolutions of single metals; two or more metals may causeinterference.4. Physical Tests4.1 SamplingSample in accordance with Practice D 3980.4.2 ConditioningFollow Specification D 3924 exceptwhere other temperatures are specified.4.3 AppearanceAfter conditioning overnight at roomtemperature (
11、see Specification D 3924) examine the drierwithout aid of magnification for clarity and cleanness and forpresence of foreign matter, sediment, skins, turbidity or hazi-ness, in accordance with Test Method D 2090.4.4 Sediment or Suspended MatterIf sediment or sus-pended matter is observed, proceed as
12、 follows:4.4.1 Weigh to 1 mg, by difference, 1 to5gofdrier into atared 10 to 15-m fritted-glass crucible. After most of the drierhas passed through wash with mineral spirits conforming toSpecification D 235 and dry at 50C until the weight isconstant to 1 mg. Calculate the difference in weight and re
13、portas percent sediment in the drier.4.5 ColorDetermine color in accordance with TestMethod D 1544.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 onPaint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the directresponsibility of Subcommittee D01.21 on Chemical Analys
14、is of Paints and PaintMaterials.Current edition approved Nov. 27, 1987. Published January 1988. Originallypublished as D 564 40. Last previous edition D 564 81.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.03.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.04.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01.1Copyright AST
15、M International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.NOTE 1This scale is useful for yellow and brown organic chro-mophores, but not with the reds or purple of cobalt and certain other metalcompounds.4.6 Nonvolatile MatterDetermine the nonvolatile conte
16、ntin accordance with Test Methods D 1644 using either MethodA or B as mutually agreed upon between the supplier and theuser.4.7 Miscibility with OilMix 1 volume of the sample with19 volumes of raw linseed oil under room temperature condi-tions. Record any signs of separation or clouding. Observe the
17、mixture at 1-h intervals for 3 h and again after 24 h. For thereference use the raw linseed oil kept in a container similar tothe one with the test specimens.NOTE 2In case of disagreement between the supplier and the user,make the test for miscibility with oil at 25 6 1C.NOTE 3The linseed oil specif
18、ied in Specification D 234 may vary inclarity from one commercial source or linseed crop year to another and incontent of small amounts of moisture. Aging from one to six months in aclosed container at 23C or (or even 10C) and then decanting supernatantoil from sediment may yield a more uniform lins
19、eed oil for miscibilitytesting.4.8 StabilityEach drier shall show no clotting or gelationor evidence of precipitation after standing for 7 days at25C, 20C, 50C. If there is evidence of clotting, gelation,or precipitation after 7 days at 20C or 50C, the drier is stillconsidered satisfactory if all si
20、gns of clotting, gelation, orprecipitation disappear after it is permitted to stand overnight atroom temperature.4.9 Drying PowerDetermine the drying power in accor-dance with Test Methods D 1640. It is useful to test apreviously evaluated standard of known drying power forcomparative purposes.NOTE
21、4The drying powers or efficiencies of individual metal driersmay be a function of: (1) the class of carboxylic acids, for example,octoate versus naphthenate, etc., (2) additives in drier solutions, forexample, stabilizers, etc., (3) chemical unsaturation of the drying oil, (4)other metals used in co
22、njunction with the subject drier, and (5) the othercomponents (for example, pigments, etc.) in the formulated paint.5. Chemical Analysis5.1 CobaltDetermine in accordance with Test MethodD 2373.5.2 LeadDetermine in accordance with Test MethodD 2374.5.3 ManganeseDetermine in accordance with TestMethod
23、 D 2375.5.4 CalciumDetermine in accordance with Test MethodD 2613.5.5 ZincDetermine in accordance with Test MethodD 2613.5.6 IronDetermine in accordance with Test MethodD 3804.5.7 ZirconiumDetermine in accordance with Test MethodD 3969.5.8 CeriumDetermine in accordance with Test MethodD 3970.5.9 Van
24、adiumDetermine in accordance with Test MethodD 3988.5.10 Rare EarthDetermine in accordance with TestMethod D 3989.6. Keywords6.1 driers; standard tests; liquid paint driersAPPENDIX(Nonmandatory Information)X1. HISTORICAL INFORMATIONX1.1 Historic methods for testing lead, cobalt, calcium,zinc, mangan
25、ese, and iron can be found in the 1979 AnnualBook of ASTM Standards, Part 29, Method D 564.X1.1.1 These methods were of primary interest before theintroduction (about 1930) of commercial naphthenate driersthat enabled higher concentrations of drier metals in solution,than in much earlier practice wh
26、en the oxides and salts of lead,manganese, and cobalt were saponified while heating withlinseed oil, resin, and other naturally occurring organic acids oresters. Metal concentrations were then as low as 10 % lead,1 % manganese, or 0.5 % cobalt.X1.2 Methods for testing cerium (Test Method D 3970),rar
27、e earth metals (Test Method D 3989), zirconium (TestMethod D 3969), and vanadium (Test Method D 3988) arebeing developed. Each is suitable for the determination of themetal content of the drier which does not contain other drierelements. Each method is not applicable to drier blends.X1.3 An atomic a
28、bsorption method is being developed thatwill be suitable for singular driers as well as drier blends.D 5642ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised th
29、at determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reappr
30、oved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you f
31、eel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 5643
