1、Designation: D2322 10D2322 14Standard Test Method forResistance of Shoe Upper Leather to Artificial Perspiration1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2322; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of
2、 last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the det
3、ermination of the effect of perspiration on shoe upper leather. The leather is subjected totreatment with a formulation of artificial perspiration specific for breakdown of leather. Resistance to grain cracking as measuredin accordance with Test Method D2210 and area loss are used as the criterion o
4、f deterioration. The artificial perspiration may alsoaffect the flexibility of the leather. However, these effects have not been fully evaluated as criteria of deterioration in this testmethod. This test method does not apply to wet blue.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded a
5、s standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of
6、 this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1610 Practice for Conditioning Leather and Leather Products for TestingD2210 Test Method for Grain Crack and Extension
7、 of Leather by the Mullen TestD2813 Practice for Sampling Leather for Physical and Chemical Tests3. Significance and Use3.1 This test method gives an indication of the serviceability of shoe upper leather in actual wear.4. Apparatus4.1 Circulating-Air Oven, capable of maintaining the required temper
8、ature within 64F (62C).4.2 Bottle, wide-mouth, 12-gal (1.9-L) with suitable airtight closure.4.3 Glass Tray, 112 in. (38 mm) deep.4.4 Mullen Tester.5. Reagent5.1 A solution of artificial perspiration with a pH of 7.58.5 consisting of the following:Sodium chloride, g 9.0Urea, g 1.67Sodium lactate (60
9、 percent sodium lactate), g 86.0Disodium phosphate (Na2HPO412H2O), g 0.165Distilled water to make 1 litre of solutionAdjust the pH of the solution with lactic acid or ammonium carbonatedepending on whether acid or base is required to bring pH to 7.5.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of AS
10、TM Committee D31 on Leather and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.03 on Footwear. This test methodwas developed in cooperation with the American Leather Chemists Assn.Current edition approved April 1, 2010May 1, 2014. Published May 2010June 2014. Originally approved in 1964 as D2322 6
11、4T. Last previous edition approved in20052010 as D2322 00D2322(05). 10. DOI: 10.1520/D2322-10.10.1520/D2322-14.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the st
12、andards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accura
13、tely, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United State
14、s1Sodium chloride, g 9.0Urea, g 1.67Sodium lactate (60 percent sodium lactate), g 86.0Disodium phosphate (Na2HPO412H2O), g 0.165Distilled water to make 1 litre of solutionAdjust the pH of the solution with lactic acid or ammonium carbonatedepending on whether acid or base is required to bring pH to
15、8.5.6. Test Specimens6.1 Two test specimens 3 by 3 6 0.0625 in. (76 by 76 6 1.5 mm) each shall be cut from the sample to be evaluated. Onespecimen shall be the control, the other shall be for exposure to artificial perspiration. For purposes of identification, the specimenfor exposure to artificial
16、perspiration shall be punched (approximate 0.06-in. (1.5-mm) hole) on two corners.6.2 When taking test specimens from skins or hides refer to Practice D2813.7. Conditioning7.1 All specimens shall be conditioned according to Practice D1610.8. Procedure8.1 Condition the control specimen at 73 6 2F (23
17、 6 1C) and at a relative humidity of 50 6 4 % for 48 h and then test onthe Mullen Tester for grain crack strength in accordance with Test Method D2210.8.2 Measure all four sides of the punched specimen to the nearest 164 in. (0.5 mm) and average them. The averagemeasurement shall be squared and used
18、 to determine the area of the specimen. Record area as A.8.3 Immerse the marked specimen (Note 1) in the glass tray and cover with the artificial perspiration solution to a depth of 34to 1 in. (19 to 25 mm). Work the specimen in the solution by folding it grain in and rolling the fold, while applyin
19、g pressure withthe finger tips. As many as three cycles of flexing may be required to wet the leather. If leather is still not wet through, vacuumsoaking may be necessary.NOTE 1Only a single layer of specimen should be placed in the perspiration solution and care should be taken to prevent adjacent
20、specimens fromcoming in contact.8.4 After 1 h, remove the specimen and suspend in the 12-gal (1.9-L) bottle over 1.7 oz (50 mL) of water. Seal the bottlecontaining the treated specimen (Note 2), and place into a circulating-air oven at 158F (70C) for 48 h (Note 3). At the end ofthis period of time r
21、emove the specimen from the bottle and hang up to dry at room temperature and humidity for 16 h.8.5 Condition the specimen at 73 6 2F (23 6 1C) and at a relative humidity at 50 6 4 % for 48 h.NOTE 2It is important to have the jar or bottle completely sealed so that the specimens are in an atmosphere
22、 of 100 % relative humidity during theheating.NOTE 3For testing vegetable tanned leather a temperature of 140F (60C) should be maintained.NOTE 4Certain specimens may be so deformed as to make the Mullen determination impossible. Such specimens will be reported as having failedthe test.8.6 Remeasure
23、the exposed specimen (see 7.28.2). Record area as B.Then test on the MullenTester (see Note 4) for grain crackstrength in accordance with Test Method D2210.9. Calculation9.1 Calculate the percentage change in grain crack strength as follows:Change in grain crack strength,%5C 2E!/C# 3100 (1)where:C =
24、 grain crack strength of control specimen, lbf (or N), andE = grain crack strength of exposed specimen, lbf (or N).9.2 Calculate percentage change in area as follows:percent area loss5A 2B!/A# 3100 (2)where:A = original area of the specimen, andB = area of exposed specimen.9.2.1 In the event of an i
25、ncrease in area of the test specimen, calculate as follows:percent area gain5B 2A!/A# 3100 (3)D2322 14210. Report10.1 Report the following information:10.1.1 Grain crack strength, in pounds-force (or newtons), of each specimen exposed to artificial perspiration solution, and10.1.2 Percentage changes
26、 in grain crack strength.10.1.3 Percentage change in area shall be reported to the nearest 0.1 %.11. Precision and Bias311.1 The coefficient of variation of measurements of grain crack strength of duplicate or adjacent specimens from the same skinby this method is not greater than 20 %.11.2 Results
27、of two laboratories, duplicate specimens, same skin, should not be considered suspect unless the two averageresults differ by more than 40 %.12. Keywords12.1 area stability; grain crack; leather; perspirationASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted i
28、n connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the r
29、esponsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive care
30、ful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM Internationa
31、l, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).3 Supporting data for this test method has been filed at ASTM International Headquarters as RR:D31-1005.D2322 143
