1、Designation: D 2322 00 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Test Method forResistance of Shoe Upper Leather to Artificial Perspiration1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2322; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision,
2、 the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers
3、 the determination of the effectof perspiration on shoe upper leather. The leather is subjectedto treatment with a formulation of artificial perspiration spe-cific for breakdown of leather. Resistance to grain cracking asmeasured in accordance with Test Method D 2210 and arealoss are used as the cri
4、terion of deterioration. The artificialperspiration may also affect the flexibility of the leather.However, these effects have not been fully evaluated as criteriaof deterioration in this test method. This test method does notapply to wet blue.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be rega
5、rdedas the standard. The values given in paretheses are provided forinformation only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices an
6、d determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 2210 Test Method for Grain Crack and Extension ofLeather by the Mullen Test23. Significance and Use3.1 This test method gives an indication of the serviceabilityof shoe upper leather in
7、actual wear.4. Apparatus4.1 Circulating-Air Oven, capable of maintaining the re-quired temperature within 62C.4.2 Bottle, wide-mouth,12-gal (1.9-L) with suitable airtightclosure.4.3 Glass Tray,112 in. (38 mm) deep.4.4 Mullen Tester.5. Reagent5.1 A solution of artificial perspiration with a pH of 7.5
8、consisting of the following:Sodium chloride, g 9.0Urea, g 1.67Sodium lactate (60 percent sodium lactate), g 86.0Disodium phosphate (Na2HPO412H2O), g 0.165Distilled water to make 1 litre of solutionAdjust the pH of the solution with lactic acid on ammonium carbonatedepending on whether acid or base i
9、s required to bring pH to 7.5.6. Test Specimens6.1 Two test specimens 3 by 3 6 0.0625 in. (76 by 76 6 1.5mm) each shall be cut from the sample to be evaluated. Onespecimen shall be the control, the other shall be for exposure toartificial perspiration. For purposes of identification, the speci-men f
10、or exposure to artificial perspiration shall be punched(approximate 0.06-in. (1.5-mm) hole) on two corners.7. Procedure7.1 Condition the control specimen at 23 6 1C and at arelative humidity of 50 6 4 % for 48 h and then test on theMullen Tester for grain crack strength in accordance with TestMethod
11、 D 2210.7.2 Measure all four sides of the punched specimen to thenearest164 in. (0.5 mm) and average them. The averagemeasurement shall be squared and used to determine the areaof the specimen. Record area as A.7.3 Immerse the marked specimen (Note 1) in the glass trayand cover with the artificial p
12、erspiration solution to a depth of34 to 1 in. (19 to 25 mm). Work the specimen in the solution byfolding it grain in and rolling the fold, while applying pressurewith the finger tips. As many as three cycles of flexing may berequired to wet the leather. If leather is still not wet through,vacuum soa
13、king may be necessary.NOTE 1Only a single layer of specimen should be placed in theperspiration solution and care should be taken to prevent adjacentspecimens from coming in contact.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leatherand is the direct responsibility of Subcom
14、mittee D31.03 on Footwear. This testmethod was developed in cooperation with the American Leather Chemists Assn.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2005. Published September 2005. Originallyapproved in 1964 as D 2322 64T. Last previous edition approved in 2001 asD 2322 00(01).2For referenced ASTM stan
15、dards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken,
16、PA 19428-2959, United States.7.4 After 1 h, remove the specimen and suspend in the12-gal (1.9-L) bottle over 50 mL of water. Seal the bottlecontaining the treated specimen (Note 2), and place into acirculating-air oven at 70C for 48 h (Note 3).At the end of thisperiod of time remove the specimen fro
17、m the bottle and hangup to dry at room temperature and humidity for 16 h.7.5 Condition the specimen at 23 6 1C and at a relativehumidity at 50 6 4 % for 48 h.NOTE 2It is important to have the jar or bottle completely sealed sothat the specimens are in an atmosphere of 100 % relative humidity duringt
18、he heating.NOTE 3For testing vegetable tanned leather a temperature of 60Cshould be maintained.NOTE 4Certain specimens may be so deformed as to make the Mullendetermination impossible. Such specimens will be reported as havingfailed the test.7.6 Remeasure the exposed specimen (see 7.2). Recordarea a
19、s B. Then test on the Mullen Tester (see Note 4) for graincrack strength in accordance with Test Method D 2210.8. Calculation8.1 Calculate the percentage change in grain crack strengthas follows:Change in grain crack strength, % 5 C 2 E!/C 3 100 (1)where:C = grain crack strength of control specimen,
20、 lbf (or N),andE = grain crack strength of exposed specimen, lbf (or N).8.2 Calculate percentage change in area as follows:percent area loss 5 A 2 B!/A 3 100 (2)where:A = original area of the specimen, andB = area of exposed specimen.8.2.1 In the event of an increase in area of the test specimen,cal
21、culate as follows:percent area gain 5 B 2 A!/A 3 100 (3)9. Report9.1 Report the following information:9.1.1 Grain crack strength, in pounds-force (or newtons), ofeach specimen exposed to artificial perspiration solution, and9.1.2 Percentage changes in grain crack strength.9.1.3 Percentage change in
22、area shall be reported to thenearest 0.1 %.10. Precision and Bias310.1 The coefficient of variation of measurements of graincrack strength of duplicate or adjacent specimens from thesame skin by this method is not greater than 20 %.10.2 Results of two laboratories, duplicate specimens, sameskin, sho
23、uld not be considered suspect unless the two averageresults differ by more than 40 %.11. Keywords11.1 area stability; grain crack; leather; perspirationASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Us
24、ers of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed ever
25、y five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible techni
26、cal committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocke
27、n, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).3Supporting data for this test method has been filed at ASTM InternationalHeadquarters as RR: D31-1005.D 2322 00 (2005)2
