1、Designation: D2178/D2178M 15D2178/D2178M 15aStandard Specification forAsphalt Glass Felt Used in Roofing and Waterproofing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2178/D2178M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revi
2、sion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specifica
3、tion covers glass felts impregnated to varying degrees with asphalt intended to be used with asphaltsconforming to the requirements of Specifications D312D312/D312M or D7654D7654/D7654M in the construction of built-uproofs, and with asphalts conforming to the requirements of Specification D449D449/D
4、449M in the construction of waterproofingsystems.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values fro
5、m thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the appl
6、icability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D146D146/D146M Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Bitumen-Saturated Felts and Woven Fabrics for Roofing andWaterproofingD312D312/D312M Specification for Asphalt Used in RoofingD449D449/D449M Specification f
7、or Asphalt Used in Dampproofing and WaterproofingD1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and WaterproofingD7654D7654/D7654M Specification for Asphalt Used in Roofing Measured by Dynamic Shear Rheometer3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this specification, refer to Ter
8、minology D1079.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 net dry massthe mass of the asphalt-impregnated glass felt exclusive of wrapping and packing material, after drying toconstant weight and after removing all detached comminuted surfacing material as described in 8.2.4. Classific
9、ation4.1 Asphalt-impregnated glass felts Types IV and VI are covered by this specification.5. Materials and Manufacture5.1 The felt shall be a thin, porous sheet of uniformly distributed glass fibers, with or without the addition of reinforcingstranded glass yarns, and bonded with a water-resistant
10、resinous binder.5.2 In the process of manufacture, the felt shall be impregnated with asphalt which shall be permitted to contain a mineralstabilizer so that the individual glass fibers are coated and the asphalt is evenly distributed throughout.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM
11、 Committee D08 on Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.04 on Felts,Fabrics and Bituminous Sheet Materials.Current edition approved May 1, 2015Dec. 15, 2015. Published May 2015December 2015. Originally approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 20142
12、015 asD2178/D2178M 14.15. DOI: 10.1520/D2178_D2178M-15.10.1520/D2178_D2178M-15A.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page o
13、n the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that user
14、s consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.3 The impregnated glass fel
15、t shall be surfaced with a material to prevent sticking in the roll. The nature and quantity of thesurfacing material shall not interfere with adhesion between the plies of a membrane.6. Physical Properties, Dimensions, Masses, and Permissible Variations6.1 The finished product shall conform to the
16、physical properties, dimensions, masses, and permissible variations as prescribedin Table 1 and Table 2.TABLE 1 Physical Properties of Asphalt Glass FeltType IV Type VIBreaking strength,A min, kN/m lbf in.:Longitudinal (with the fiber grain) 7.7 44 10.5 60Transverse (across the fiber grain) 7.7 44 1
17、0.5 60Pliability, 13-mm 12-in. radius bend no failures no failuresA To prevent the asphalt-impregnated glass felt from slipping from between the jaws of the tension testing machine, insert a thin strip of soft gasket rubber between thefelt and each of the four jaw faces of the machine.TABLE 2 Dimens
18、ions and Masses of Asphalt Glass FeltAType IV Type VIWidth of roll, mm in., or as agreed between purchaser and supplier 914 36 0.7 % 914 36 0.7 %Area of roll, min, m2 ft2, or as agreed between purchaser and supplier 50.17 540 50.17 540Net dry mass of asphalt-impregnated glass felt, min, g/m2 lb 100
19、ft2Average of all rollsNonmineral parting agent 303 6.2 303 6.2Mineral parting agent 342 7.0 342 7.0Individual rolls 293 6.0 293 6.0Moisture at point of manufacture, %, maxA 1.0 1.0Mass of desaturated glass felt, min, g/m2 lb 100 ft2 83 1.7 93 1.9Bituminous saturant (asphalt), min, g/m2 lb 100 ft2 1
20、46 3.0 146 3.0Ash, % 70 to 88 70 to 88Ash of desaturated glass felt, % 70 to 88 70 to 88Parting agent and stabilizer, max, g/m2 lb 100 ft2 156 3.2 146 3.0A At time of manufacture. Products with higher moisture content at time of installation may cause hot materials to foam, creating interply voids t
21、hat may result in blisters.6.2 The finished product shall not crack nor be so sticky as to cause tearing or other damage upon being unrolled at temperaturesbetween 10 and 60C 50 and 140F.6.3 After extraction of the asphalt in accordance with Section 16 of Test Methods D146D146/D146M, the desaturated
22、 felt shallremain flat and unbuckled, shall retain its original shape and dimensions, and individual fibers shall remain firmly set in place.6.4 The pliability specimen shall be conditioned in air at 25 6 1C 77 6 2F, 50 6 5 % relative humidity, for at least 1 hand tested in a room maintained at the
23、same temperature (immersion in water not required). Otherwise, follow Test MethodsD146D146/D146M, the paragraph on felts in the Pliability section.7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance7.1 The finished material shall be uniformly impregnated with asphalt of uniform thickness, and shall be free of vi
24、sible defectssuch as ragged or untrue edges, breaks, cracks, tears, and protuberances.7.2 Type IV shall contain closely spaced pinholes not over 0.8 mm 132 in. in diameter over the entire area of the felt. Individualholes up to 6.4 mm 14 in. in diameter shall be permitted, provided that no more than
25、 five such holes are found in any 1.0 m2 1.2yd2 of felt.7.3 Type VI shall be permitted to contain closely spaced holes over the entire area of the felt up to 3 mm 18 in. in diameter.7.4 The finished material shall be furnished with laying lines, which shall be clearly visible during application of t
26、he roof, andspaced at appropriate distances apart to provide for application of built-up roofs with the appropriate number of plies.7.4.1 The positions of the laying lines, measured from the edge of the sheet to the center of the line, shall not deviate more than6 mm 14 in. from the positions specif
27、ied by the manufacturer to provide the appropriate number of plies on the roof.8. Sampling and Test Methods8.1 Sample the material and determine the properties enumerated in this specification in accordance with Test MethodsD146D146/D146M, except for the net dry mass of asphalt-impregnated glass fel
28、t.8.2 Net Dry Mass of Asphalt-Impregnated Glass FeltCut a representative sample from the full width of each sample roll asdescribed in Section 10 of Test Methods D146D146/D146M. Suspend the samples vertically and allow them to dry to constantweight. Remove the detached comminuted surfacing as descri
29、bed in Section 11 of Test Methods D146D146/D146M. Then weigheach sample of felt and calculate the individual and average net dry mass per unit area.8.3 AshDetermine ash of the desaturated glass felt by ignition at 538 6 14C 1000 6 25F for not less than 10 min.D2178/D2178M 15a29. Inspection9.1 Inspec
30、tionInspection shall be in accordance with the requirements of this specification.9.2 Inspection AlternativesAlternative inspection requirements shall be detemineddetermined by and as agreed upon betweenthe purchaser and the supplier.10. Rejection and Resubmittal10.1 Failure to ConformFailure to con
31、form to any of the requirements as stated in this specification constitutes grounds forrejection.10.2 Rejection RedressThe supplier shall have the right to inspect the rejected materials. The supplier and the purchaser shallagree to the quantity of rolls deemed unacceptable. The supplier shall then
32、have the right to submit the same number of new rollsas replacement.11. Packaging and Package Marking11.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon between the supplier and purchaser, each product package shall be plainly marked with thesuppliers name, product brand, ASTM designation, and type of bitumen if not
33、evident in the label name of the product.11.2 The rolls shall be securely wrapped or banded in a manner that completely encircles the roll and will prevent slipping orunrolling.11.3 No roll shall contain more than two pieces, and no more than 3 % of the rolls in any lot shall contain two pieces. If
34、a rollcontains a manufacturing splice, the splice shall be clearly marked.12. Keywords12.1 asphalt; built-up roofs; glass felt; waterproofingASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this
35、 standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five year
36、s andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committe
37、e, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-
38、2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 15a3
