1、Designation: D 2143 00 (Reapproved 2005)e1An American National StandardStandard Test Method forCyclic Pressure Strength of Reinforced, ThermosettingPlastic Pipe1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2143; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal
2、adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.e1NOTESections 3.1.1 and 6.1.1 were editorially corrected in March 2005.1. Scop
3、e*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the failurecharacteristics of reinforced plastic pipe when subjected tocyclic internal hydraulic pressure. It is limited to pipe in whichthe ratio of outside diameter to wall thickness is 10:1 or more.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to
4、 be regardedas the standard. The values in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and dete
5、rmine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD 2992 Practice for Obtaining Hydrostatic or Pressure De-sign Basis for Fiberglass (Glas
6、s-Fiber-ReinforcedThermosetting-Resin) Pipe and FittingsD 3567 Practice for Determining Dimensions of Fiberglass(Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Pipe andFittings3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 failurethe transmission of the test fluid through thepip
7、e wall in any manner, whether it be wall fracture, localizedleaking, or weeping at a distance greater than one diameterfrom the end closure (specimens failing within one diameter ofthe end closure shall be discarded).3.1.2 failure detectora devise that measures the electricalresistance between the t
8、est fluid and a conductive material,wrapped around the circumference of the test specimen, andwhich will indicate failure when 1) the resistance is lowered toa range from 10 to 20 meg-ohm or 2) for the case of municipalwater, when the first drop of fluid has passed through the wallof the specimen.3.
9、1.3 localized leakingfailure that occurs as small frac-tures (one or more in a test specimen) that permit the test fluidto be transferred at a rate that is measured by the failuredetector.3.1.4 weepinga general transmission of the test fluidthrough the pipe, without visible fracture, at a sufficient
10、 rate tobe measured by the failure dectector, or in the case of largermagnitudes of fluid transmission appear to be moisture con-densation on the specimen.3.1.5 wall fracturefailure by a break in the pipe wallcausing immediate loss of test fluid and continued loss atessentially no pressure.4. Summar
11、y of Test Method4.1 This test method consists of exposing pipe specimens tocyclic internal pressures at several different pressure levels andmeasuring the cycles to failure at these different levels. Testtemperatures are obtained by circulating salt water or munici-pal water through the specimens.5.
12、 Significance and Use5.1 The values obtained by this test method are applicableonly to conditions that specifically duplicate the proceduresused.5.2 After the regression characteristics of a pipe materialand manufacturing process have been determined by this testmethod, one pressure may be used for
13、quality-control purposes.This pressure shall be one of the points used in the originaldetermination and be agreed upon between the individualsconcerned.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plasticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.23 on Reinforced P
14、lasticPiping Systems.Current edition approved Mar. 1, 2005. Published March 2005. Originallyapproved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 2143 00.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book
15、of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.3 This test meth
16、od deals with cyclic internal pressureperformance of a pipe and omits creep and nonrecoverabledeformation measurements.5.4 For determination of the cyclic hydrostatic design basisusing data from this test method see Practice D 2992.5.5 In the application of the following test requirements andrecomme
17、ndations it is assumed that test specimens of a givensample of pipe are truly representative of that material andmanufacturing process. In tests conducted to show the effect oftemperature and pressures on the life span of the pipe, greatcare must be taken to ensure that the specimens being tested ar
18、erepresentative of the group being studied. Departure from thisassumption could introduce discrepancies that are greater thanthose introduced by departure from the details of the procedureoutlined in this test method.6. Apparatus6.1 A schematic diagram of the apparatus is shown in Fig. 1and shall co
19、nsist of the following:6.1.1 Pressurizing SystemA device capable of exertingcyclic internal pressure of the salt water or municipal water tothe test specimens. Fig. 1 shows an oil pump leading to afour-way solenoid-operated valve which directs the fluid alter-nately to the two pressure legs, each of
20、 which contains aspring-operated, manually adjustable, pressure relief valve andan accumulator which acts as a fluid separator transferring thepressurizing medium to the salt solution or municipal water.The solenoid is operated with equal on and off times by anelectric pulsator.6.1.2 Test FluidThe t
21、est fluid shall be a 2 % aqueoussodium chloride solution when salt water or municipal water isused.6.1.3 Temperature BathAthermostatically controlled bathcoupled into the test fluid, which maintains specimen tempera-ture to within 65F (62C). The circulation of this fluid ispumped on the off portion
22、of the pressure cycle.6.1.4 Pressure GagesPressure gages having a precision ofnot less than 1 % of full-scale deflection with a maximumindicating hand. The pressure gage shall be selected such thatthe final readings are in the mid-60 % range of the scale. Thegage should be equipped with a surge prot
23、ection device.6.1.5 Specimen FittingsAny suitable closure that allowsfree end mounting, and does not contribute to end failures maybe used.6.1.6 Specimen SupportAny support is acceptable as longas it does not contribute to the restraint of the specimen ineither the circumferential or axial direction
24、.6.1.7 Cycle Counter and Failure Detector Each group ofspecimens shall be outfitted with a cyclic counter and a failuredetector which automatically stops the cyclic count when thespecimen has failed.7. Test Specimens7.1 Sample SizeSee Practice D 2992.7.2 Specimen SizeThe inside and outside diameters
25、 of thespecimen shall be as fabricated, with the specimen lengthbetween the end closures being a minimum of ten times theoutside diameter of the pipe.FIG. 1 Schematic Drawing of Cyclic Pressure ApparatusD 2143 00 (2005)e127.3 Measurement of DimensionsThe physical dimensionsof the pipe shall be measu
26、red in accordance with PracticeD 3567.8. Conditioning8.1 Precondition all specimens in the standard laboratoryatmosphere as specified in Practice D 618.8.2 The specimen shall be suitable for test when thetemperature of the test fluid, at both inlet and outlet, ismaintained within 5F (2.8C) of the te
27、st temperature for aperiod of 1 h.8.3 Ambient temperature need not be controlled.9. Procedure9.1 Attach the specimen with end closures into the system,being careful to eliminate all air from the entire system.9.2 With the valves to the specimens closed and the powerpump operating, adjust the pressur
28、e regulator to the desiredpressure.9.3 Open the bypass needle valves, and with the circulatingpump running, circulate the salt solution through the specimento obtain the desired test temperature for conditioning.9.4 Close the bypass needle valve to permit only enough testfluid to pass through to mai
29、ntain the test temperature. Connectthe failure detector units, reset these units to zero, and start themain power pump.9.5 Adjust the cycling rate to at least 25 6 2 cycles/min.9.6 As additional specimens are added or removed from thesystem, maintain the maximum pressure condition desired byreadjust
30、ing the cyclic rate to at least 25 6 2 cycles/min.9.7 After each specimen fails, record the failure count asindicated by the failure detector.10. Calculation10.1 Calculate the hoop stress in the pipe specimen asfollows:S 5 PD 2 t!/2twhere:S = hoop stress, psi (MPa),P = internal pressure, psi (MPa),D
31、 = average outside diameter, in. (mm), andt = minimum wall thickness, in. (mm).10.2 For the statistical calculation method, see PracticeD 2992.11. Report11.1 Report the following information:11.1.1 Complete identification of specimens, including ma-terial type, source, manufacturers name and code nu
32、mber, andprevious history,11.1.2 Pipe dimensions,11.1.3 Test temperature and test fluid,11.1.4 Cyclic rate and cycles to failure of each specimentested and nature of the failure,11.1.5 Correlation coefficient,11.1.6 Any unusual effects or observations during or prior tothe test,11.1.7 Dates of test.
33、12. Precision and Bias12.1 No precision and bias statement can be made for thistest method since a controlled round-robin test program has notbeen run. A controlled round-robin program is not consideredfeasible due to the number of samples, the duration of time, andthe cyclic pressure apparatus spec
34、ified by this test method.13. Keywords13.1 fiberglass pipe; hydrostatic design basis; pressure de-sign basis; cyclic pressure strengthSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee D20 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue D 2143-94that may impact the use of this standar
35、d.(1) Sections 4.2 and 11 on plotting data were removed. Theuser is referred to D 2992.(2) A keywords and ISO equivalency statement were added.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of th
36、is standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five ye
37、ars andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical commi
38、ttee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D 2143 00 (2005)e13
