1、Designation: D2048 17Standard Test Method forPowdering of Floor Polish Films1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2048; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parenthe
2、ses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers a bench procedure for thedetermination of the degree of powdering of floor polishesunder ambient conditions as well as conditions
3、 of low relativehumidity.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafe
4、ty concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internati
5、onally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D3153 Tes
6、t Method for Recoatability of Water-EmulsionFloor Polishes3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 powderingpartial or total disintegration of the polishfilm resulting in a fine, light colored material.4. Significance and Use4.1 This is a comparative test method. If this method doesnot indicate powdering
7、, it is still possible that the product inactual use may powder.5. Apparatus5.1 Textile Crockmeter,3weighted with a 2.2-lb (1-kg)weight. The weight is placed directly over the abrasion doweland attached with two-faced tape.5.2 Abrading Felt670 Kelly No. 720 billiard cloth cut into2 by 2-in. (50 by 5
8、0-mm) squares.5.3 SubstrateOfficial Vinyl Composition Tile (OVCT)4shall be used in this test.5.4 Volumetric Pipet, 0.07-oz (2-mL).5.5 Cheesecloth Applicator, washed to remove sizing; cutinto 2-in. (50-mm) strips of four-ply cloth; folded twice.5.6 Relative Humidity and Temperature Indicator.5.7 Glov
9、e BoxAn enclosure that houses the crockmeterkeeping it in a constant humidity and temperature environment;features rubber glove inserts so that the tests may be runkeeping the environment of the crockmeter constant.5.8 DesiccantSilica gel or calcium chloride.5.9 Salts for Constant Humidity Condition
10、sLiClH2O,CaCl26H2O, or Mg(NO3)26H2O.NOTE 1Saturated aqueous solutions of the following salts in contactwith an excess of a definite solid phase of salt at the indicatedtemperatures and in an enclosed space will maintain the required constanthumidities:LiClH2O at 77F (25C) yields 11.1 % relative humi
11、dity.CaCl26H2O at 50F (10C) yields 38.0 % relative humidity.Mg(NO3)26H2O at 75F (23.9C) yields 42.9 % relative humidity.5.10 Fan, small, electric.5.11 Metal Clip, to hold the abrading felt on the crockmetersurface during testing.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D21 on Pol
12、ishesand is the responsibility of Subcommittee D21.04 on Performance Tests.Current edition approved March 1, 2017. Published April 2017. Originallyapproved in 1964. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D2048 10. DOI:10.1520/D2048-17.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.as
13、tm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis Atlas Electric Devices Co., Chicago, IL.
14、If you are aware of alternative suppliers,please provide this information toASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receivecareful consideration at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, whichyou may attend.4OVCT tile may be obtained through Armstrong Flooring from various homeimprovement s
15、tores. The following Armstrong tile substrates have been found toperform adequately for this test method: Armstrong Excelon Feature Tile: Black(56790), http:/ ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was develo
16、ped in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.16. Preparation of Te
17、st Sample6.1 Clean the tile surface in accordance with Test MethodD3153, paragraph 9.1.2, to ensure removal of any coatingpresent.6.2 Pipet 0.07 oz (2 mL) of polish onto the center of the testpanel. Place the cheesecloth into the polish and allow it toabsorb the emulsion. Distribute the emulsion eve
18、nly over thesurface; then draw the cheesecloth downward in smoothseparate strokes, with no more pressure than is exerted by theweight of the hand, until the entire panel has been coated. If 12by 12-in. (304 by 304-mm) tiles are used, pipet 0.12 oz (3.6mL) of polish out the center of each tile.6.3 Ap
19、ply a second coat of polish 1 h after the first. Applythis coat in the same manner as the first coat.6.4 One hour after the second coat of polish has dried, placeone of the test tiles in the glove box in which the relativehumidity is 10 to 15 %. The low humidity is obtained andcontrolled using silic
20、a gel or calcium chloride as the desiccantor by using a saturated salt solution with a small fan to circulatethe air inside the box. Also place inside the glove box thecrockmeter weighted with a 2.2- lb (1-kg) weight and the greenfelt test pads. Age the tiles and equipment for 24 h at 10 to15 % rela
21、tive humidity at 75 6 2F (23.9 6 1.1C).6.5 Prepare additional test tiles in the same manner and dryfor24hat776 2F (25 6 1.1C) and 55 6 3 % relativehumidity.NOTE 2Prepared samples may also be tested at 50 6 2F (10 61.1C) and 38 6 3 % relative humidity.7. Procedure7.1 Test the prepared samples at 75 6
22、 2F (23.9 6 1.1C )and 10 to 15 % relative humidity, and at 77 6 2F (25 61.1C) and 55 6 3 % relative humidity.7.2 Place the coated sample on the sandpaper pad. Cover thedowel with the abrading felt using the metal clip. Pass thecovered dowel over each polish film for 50 complete cycles.Use a fresh su
23、rface for each test. Remove the green felt fromthe test machine and observe for degree of powder adhering toit. Observe the test panel carefully for damage which may haveoccurred during the stroking action.8. Report8.1 The report shall include the following:8.1.1 Identification of sample,8.1.2 Tempe
24、rature and humidity conditions of test, and8.1.3 Relative degree of white powder accumulation as seenon both the tile surface and the abrading felt. Report accordingto the following classifications: none, slight, or excessive.9. Precision and Bias9.1 Duplicate samples of polish, when tested by thism
25、ethod, show the same degree of powdering.9.2 Since there is no accepted reference material suitable fordetermining the bias for the procedure for measuring thepowdering resistance of floor polish films, bias has not beendetermined.10. Keywords10.1 abrading felt; billiard; crockmeter; desiccant; floo
26、r;glove box; OVCT; polish; powdering; textile crockmeterASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent
27、 rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either
28、 for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hea
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