1、Designation: D 1554 01 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Terminology Relating toWood-Base Fiber and Particle Panel Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1554; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the ye
2、ar of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe terms included in this terminology are intended to apply to a family of lignocellulosic panelmaterials spec
3、ially manufactured for use industrially as components (core, facing, or panels) offurniture, cabinets, and the like, and in building construction as siding, sheathing, partitions, doorcores and paneling, acoustical treatments, and as structural components there and elsewhere where thecombination of
4、thickness, panel size, and properties satisfy a particular need. The usual alternativematerials to these wood-base panel materials are wood in the form of lumber and plywood, plastics,inorganic fiber cement boards, and gypsum board.The terms used and defined herein differ slightly from some practice
5、. Modifications appeared to bedesirable to clarify the nomenclature since confusion exists because of the similarity of some existingterms with those for other materials. The use of the terms herein will do much to standardize the termspertaining to cellulosic fiberboard, hardboard, and particleboar
6、d, the principal materials included. Theboard or panel materials included are those derived from wood and the woody tissue of such plantsas bagasse, flax, and straw. They fall into two general groups: (1) those manufactured fromlignocellulosic fibers and fiber bundles where in manufacture the interf
7、elting of the fibers and a naturalbond are characteristics, and (2) those boards manufactured from a wide range in size and shape ofparticles ranging from fine elements approaching fibers in size to large flakes which are blended withsynthetic resin adhesive and consolidated into boards characterize
8、d by the resin bond and usuallyknown as resin-bonded particleboards or more commonly as particleboards.GENERAL DEFINITIONSfibrous-felted boardsa felted wood-base panel materialmanufactured of refined or partly refined lignocellulosicfibers characterized by an integral bond produced by aninterfelting
9、 of fibers and in the case of certain densities andcontrol of conditions of manufacture by ligneous bond, andto which other materials may have been added duringmanufacture to improve certain properties.medium-density fiberboard (MDF)a composite panelproduct composed primarily of cellulosic fibers in
10、 which theprimary source of physical integrity is provided throughaddition of a bonding system cured under heat and pressure.Additives may be introduced during the manufacturingprocess to improve certain properties. MDF density at thetime of manufacturing, is typically between 500 kg/m3(31lb/ft3) an
11、d 1000 kg/m3(62 lb/ft3), based on a reportedmoisture content at the time of weight and volume measure-ments.particleboardsa generic term for a composite panel prima-rily composed of cellulosic materials, generally in the formof discrete pieces or particles, as distinguished from fibers,bonded togeth
12、er with a bonding system, and that maycontain additives.wood-base fiber and particle panel materialsa genericterm applied to a group of board materials manufacturedfrom wood or other lignocellulosic fibers or particles towhich binding agents and other materials may be addedduring manufacture to obta
13、in or improve certain properties.Composed of two broad types, fibrous-felted and particle-boards.wood-cement boarda panel material where wood usually inthe form of excelsior is bonded with inorganic cement.CLASSIFICATION OF FIBROUS-FELTED BOARDScellulosic fiberboarda generic term for a homogeneouspa
14、nel made from lignocellulosic fibers (usually wood orcane) characterized by an integral bond produced by inter-felting of the fibers, to which other materials may have been1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Woodand is the responsibility of Subcommittee D07.03 on Pan
15、el Products.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published October 2005. Originallyapproved in 1958. Last previous edition apprvoved in 2001 as D 1554 01e1.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.added during manufacture to
16、 improve certain properties, butwhich has not been consolidated under heat and pressure asa separate stage in manufacture, said board having a densityof less than 31 lb/ft3(specific gravity 0.50) but having adensity of more than 10 lb/ft3(specific gravity 0.16).hardboarda generic term for a panel ma
17、nufactured prima-rily from inter-felted lignocellulosic fibers (usually wood),consolidated under heat and pressure in a hot-press to adensity of 31 lb/ft3(specific gravity 0.50) or greater, and towhich other materials may have been added during manu-facture to improve certain properties.medium-densi
18、ty hardboarda hardboard as previously de-fined with a density between 31 and 50 lb/ft3(specificgravity between 0.50 and 0.80).high-density hardboarda hardboard as previously definedwith a density greater than 50 lb/ft3(specific gravity 0.80).CLASSIFICATION OF PARTICLEBOARDSlow-density particleboarda
19、 particleboard as previously de-fined with a density of less than 640 kg/m3(40 lb/ft3) basedon a reported moisture content at the time of weight andvolume measurements.medium-density particleboarda particleboard as previ-ously defined with a density between 640 800 kg/m3(40 50 lb/ft3) based on a rep
20、orted moisture content at the time ofweight and volume measurements.high-density particleboarda particleboard as previouslydefined with a density greater than 800 kg/m3(50 lb/ft3)based on a reported moisture content at the time of weightand volume measurements.NOTE 1It is the industry practice to me
21、asure density of particleboardson the basis of moisture content and volume at time of test.TERMS RELATING TO WOOD-BASE FIBER ANDPARTICLE PANEL MATERIALSair-feltingforming of a fibrous-felted board from an airsuspension of damp or dry fibers on a batch or continuousforming machine (sometimes referred
22、 to as the dry orsemi-dry process).binderan extraneous bonding agent, either organic or inor-ganic, used to bind particles together to produce a particleboard.chipssmall pieces of wood chopped off a block by ax-likecuts as in a chipper of the paper industry, or produced bymechanical hogs, hammermill
23、s, etc.curlslong flat flakes manufactured by the cutting action of aknife in such a way that they tend to be in the form of a helix.factory-finished boardsboards with a factory-applied sur-face as, for example, powder or liquid coatings or overlays.These finished boards require no further field fini
24、shing.factory-primed boardsboards with a factory-appliedprimer that requires subsequent finishing in the field.fibersthe slender threadlike elements or groups of woodfibers or similar cellulosic material resulting from chemicalor mechanical defiberization, or both, and sometimes re-ferred to as fibe
25、r bundles.flat-platen presseda method of consolidating and hot press-ing a panel product in which the applied pressure isperpendicular to the faces.flakea small wood particle of predetermined thicknessspecifically produced as a primary function of specializedequipment of various types, with the cutt
26、ing action acrossthe direction of the grain (either radially, tangentially, or atan angle between), the action being such as to produce aparticle of uniform thickness, essentially plane of the flakes,in over-all character resembling a small piece of veneer.heat-treatingthe process of subjecting a wo
27、od-base panelmaterial (usually hardboard) to a special heat treatment afterhot pressing to increase some strength properties and waterresistance.hot-pressingprocess for increasing the density of a wet-felted or air-felted mat of fibers or particles by pressing thedried, damp, or wet mat between plat
28、ens of hot-press tocompact and set the structure by simultaneous application ofheat and pressure.particlethe aggregate component of a particle board manu-factured by mechanical means from wood or other lignocel-lulosic material (comparable to the aggregate in concrete)including all small subdivision
29、s of wood such as chips, curls,flakes, sawdust, shavings, slivers, strands, wood flour, andwood wool. Particle size may be measured by the screenmesh that permits passage of the particles and another screenupon which they are retained, or by the measured dimen-sions as for flakes and strands.sawdust
30、wood particles resulting from the cutting and break-ing action of saw teeth.shavinga small wood particle of indefinite dimensionsdeveloped incidental to certain woodworking operationsinvolving rotary cutterheads usually turning in the directionof the grain; and because of this cutting action, produc
31、ing athin chip of varying thickness, usually feathered along atleast one edge and thick at another and usually curled.sizing agentasphalt, rosin, wax, or other additive introducedto the stock for a fibrous-felted board, prior to forming, oradded to the blend of particles and resin for a particle boa
32、rd,to increase water resistance.sliversparticles of nearly square or rectangular cross-sectionwith a length parallel to the grain of the wood of at least fourtimes the thickness.stranda wood flake having a minimum predeterminedlength-to-width ratio of 2:1.temperingthe manufacturing process of adding
33、 to a fiber orparticle panel material a siccative material such as drying oilblends of oxidizing resin which are stabilized by baking orother heating after introduction.wafera wood flake having a predetermined length of at least1316 in. (30 mm).wet-feltingforming of a fibrous-felted board mat from a
34、water suspension of fibers and fiber bundles by means of adeckle box, fourdrinier, or cylinder board machine.wood flourvery fine wood particles generated from woodreduced by a ball or similar mill until it resembles wheatflour in appearance, and of such a size that the particlesusually will pass thr
35、ough a 40-mesh screen.wood wool (excelsior)long, curly, slender strands of woodused as an aggregate component for some particleboards.D 1554 01 (2005)2TERMS DESCRIBING WOOD-BASE FIBER ANDPARTICLE PANEL PRODUCTSacoustical boarda low-density, sound absorbing cellulosicfiberboard having a factory-appli
36、ed finish and a fissured,felted-fiber, slotted or perforated surface pattern provided toreduce sound reflection. Usually supplied for use in the formof tiles.building boarda natural finished multi-purpose cellulosicfiberboard.extruded particleboarda particleboard manufactured byforcing a mass of par
37、ticles coated with an extraneous bindingagent through a heated die with the applied pressure parallelto the faces and in the direction of extruding.hardboard underlaymenta service-grade hardboard madeor machined to close thickness tolerances for use as aleveling course and to provide a smooth surfac
38、e under floorcovering materials.insulating formboarda specially fabricated cellulosic fiber-board designed for use as a permanent form for certainpoured-in-place roof constructions.insulating roof decka cellulosic fiberboard product de-signed for use in open-beam ceiling roof construction. Theproduc
39、t is composed of multiple layers of structural insulat-ing board laminated together with water-resistant adhesive.intermediate fiberboard sheathinga cellulosic fiberboardsheathing product, approximately 22 lb/ft3, used in frameconstruction under masonry veneer, siding, shingles, andstucco.mat-formed
40、 particleboarda particleboard in which thecoated particles are formed first into a mat having substan-tially the same length and width as the finished board beforebeing flat-platen pressed.nail-base fiberboard sheathinga specially manufacturedcellulosic fiberboard product, approximately 25 lb/ft3, d
41、e-signed for use in frame construction to permit the directapplication of certain exterior siding materials such aswood-based or composite shingles.particleboard corestockcommon name given to particleboard manufactured for use as a core for overlaying.particleboard panel stockcommon name given to pa
42、rticleboard manufactured primarily for use as panel material, andin which the surfaces may be treated to obtain decorativeeffects.particleboard underlaymentan underlayment grade par-ticleboard made or machined to close thickness tolerancesfor use as a leveling course and to provide a smooth surfaceu
43、nder floor covering materials.perforated hardboardhardboard with closely spaced fac-tory punched or drilled holes.planed-to-caliper hardboardhardboard that is machined toa close thickness tolerance.roof insulation boardstructural insulating board fabricatedfor use as above-deck roof insulation.servi
44、ce hardboarda hardboard of about 55 lb/ft3(specificgravity 0.88) density intended for use where standardstrength board is not required and better dimensional stabil-ity is desired.screen-back hardboard (S1S)hardboard with a reverseimpression of a screen on the back produced when a damp orwet mat is
45、hot-pressed into a board and dried in the press.sheathingcellulosic fiberboard for use in housing and otherbuilding construction, which may be integrally treated,impregnated or coated to give it additional water resistance.shingle backera specially fabricated sheathing-grade cellu-losic fiberboard u
46、sed as a backer strip in coursed shingleconstruction.sound-deadening boarda specially manufactured cellulosicfiberboard product for use in building construction in walland floor assemblies to reduce sound transmission.smooth - two - side hardboard (S2S)hardboard producedfrom a dry mat pressed betwee
47、n two smooth hot platens.standard hardboardhardboard substantially as manufac-tured at the end of hot pressing, except for humidification toadjust moisture content, trimming to size, and other subse-quent machining, and having the properties associated withhardboard meeting specifications for that q
48、uality product.tempered hardboarda hardboard subjected to tempering aspreviously defined or specially manufactured with othervariation in usual process so that the resulting product hasspecial properties of stiffness, strength, and water-resistanceassociated with boards meeting specifications for th
49、at qualityproduct.tempered service hardboardservice hardboard, as previ-ously defined, which has been given a tempering treatmentto improve such properties as stiffness, strength, and waterresistance.textured boardsboards that are factory produced with anonplaner surface by, for example, molding, embossing,machining, or post-forming or any combination of theseprocesses.1. Keywords1.1 fiber and particle panels; particle board; wood basedD 1554 01 (2005)3ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any p
