1、Designation: C852/C852M 16C852/C852M 17Standard Guide forDesign Criteria for Plutonium Gloveboxes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C852/C852M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revi
2、sion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide defines criteria for the design of glovebox systems to be used for the handling of plutonium in any chemical orphysi
3、cal form or isotopic composition or when mixed with other elements or compounds. Not included in the criteria are systemsauxiliary to the glovebox systems such as utilities, ventilation, alarm, and waste disposal. Also not addressed are hot cells oropen-face hoods. The scope of this guide excludes s
4、pecific license requirements relating to provisions for criticality prevention,hazards control, safeguards, packaging, and material handling. Observance of this guide does not relieve the user of the obligationto conform to all federal, state, and local regulations for design and construction of glo
5、vebox systems.1.2 The scope of this guide excludes specific license requirements relating to provisions for criticality prevention, hazardscontrol, safeguards, packaging, and material handling. Observance of this guide does not relieve the user of the obligation toconform to all federal, state, and
6、local regulations for design and construction of glovebox systems.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values statedin each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other
7、. Combining valuesfrom the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establilsh appropriate safety and health practices
8、and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommen
9、dations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A193/A193M Specification forAlloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for HighTemperature or High Pressure Service and OtherSpecial Purpose ApplicationsA240/A240M Specif
10、ication for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels andfor General ApplicationsA269/A269M Specification for Seamless and Welded Austenitic Stainless Steel Tubing for General ServiceA312/A312M Specification for Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worke
11、d Austenitic Stainless Steel PipesA376/A376M Specification for Seamless Austenitic Steel Pipe for High-Temperature ServiceA480/A480M Specification for General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet, and StripA999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for
12、Alloy and Stainless Steel PipeA1016/A1016M Specification for General Requirements for Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stainless SteelTubesF837 Specification for Stainless Steel Socket Head Cap Screws2.2 Other Standards, Codes, and GuidelinesANSI N13.1 Guide to Sampling Airborne Rad
13、ioactive Materials in Nuclear Facilities3ANSI/ASME NQA-1 Quality Assurance Requirements for Nuclear Facility Applications31 This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C26 on Nuclear Fuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.14 on Remote Systems.Current edition appro
14、ved Nov. 1, 2016June 1, 2017. Published November 2016June 2017. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 20092016 asC852 09.C852/C852M 16. DOI: 10.1520/C0852_C0852M-16.10.1520/C0852_C0852M-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Cu
15、stomer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.This document is n
16、ot an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropria
17、te. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1ANSI/ASME AG-1 Code on Nuclear Air and Gas Treatment3NFPA-70 Natio
18、nal Electrical Code4NFPA 72 National Fire Alarm Code4NFPA 801 Standard for Fire Protection for Facilities Handling Radioactive MaterialsDOE-HDBK-1081-94 DOE Handbook on Primer of Spontaneous Heating and Pyrophoricity510 CFR 20 Standards for Protection Against Radiation610 CFR 50 Domestic Licensing o
19、f Production and Utilization Facilities640 CFR 260279 Solid Waste RegulationsResource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA)610 CFR 830 Subpart A Quality Assurance Requirements6AGS-G001-2007 Guideline for Gloveboxes, Third Edition7AGS-G004-2014 Standard of Practice for Leak Test Methodologies for Glov
20、eboxes and Enclosures7AGS-G005-2014 Standard of Practice for the Specification of Gloves for Gloveboxes7AGS-G006-2005 Standard of Practice for the Design and Fabrication of Nuclear-Application Gloveboxes7AGS-G010-2011 Standard of Practice for the Glovebox Fire Protection7AGS-G013-2011 Guideline for
21、Glovebox Ergonomics73. Significance and Use3.1 The purpose of this guide is to establish criteria for the design of gloveboxes as primary confinement systems to ensure thesafety of the workers and the protection of the environment when storing, handling, processing, and disposing of both combustible
22、and non-combustible forms of plutonium. The use of this guide will provide the user with guidance to design a successfullyperforming glovebox system.4. Quality Assurance4.1 A quality assurance program should be established for the design, fabrication, construction, acceptance testing, andoperation,
23、including modifications, repairs, replacement and maintenance of structures, systems, and components important tosafety. Quality assurance requirements should be specified in the purchase order or contract (see 10 CFR 50 Appendix B, 10 CFR830 Subpart A, and ANSI/ASME NQA-1).5. Design Considerations5
24、.1 Design considerations should include engineered safety features and redundant plant services to achieve confinementreliability. Reliability should be considered in the light of the risk associated with postulated accidents (for example, accidentsresulting from pyrophoric behavior of metallic plut
25、onium), the probability of occurrence of the accidents, and the severity of theirconsequences, as well as in the light of normal processing requirements. The design for the glovebox system should consider allof the following subjects:5.1.1 Fire,5.1.2 Explosions,5.1.3 Seismic events,5.1.4 Installatio
26、n and removal from service,5.1.5 Automated equipment,5.1.6 Glovebox process operations,5.1.7 Criticality,5.1.8 Confinement system leaks,5.1.9 Power failure,5.1.10 Service water failure,5.1.11 Other services failure,5.1.12 Glovebox pressurization,5.1.13 Glovebox evacuation,5.1.14 Health physics,5.1.1
27、5 Need for glovebox isolation or compartmentalization or both, and5.1.16 Maintenance,5.1.17 Ergonomics,5.1.18 Decontamination methods, and5.1.19 Maintenance.Chemical compatibility and corrosion resistance.4 Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 0
28、2169-7471, http:/www.nfpa.org.5 Available to the public from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Technology Administration, National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161.6 Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE,
29、 Washington, DC 20401, http:/www.access.gpo.gov.7 Available from the American Glovebox Society, P.O. Box 9099, Santa Rosa, CA, 95405, http:/www.gloveboxsociety.org.C852/C852M 1726. Glovebox System Design Features6.1 The glovebox system is defined as a series of physical barriers provided with glove
30、ports and gloves, through which processand maintenance operations may be performed, together with an operating ventilation system. The glovebox system shouldminimize the potential for release of radioactive material to the environment under normal and abnormal conditions, protect theoperators from c
31、ontamination under normal operating conditions, and mitigate the consequences of abnormal conditions to themaximum extent practical. Where feasible and practical, the glovebox should incorporate passive safety controls rather than activesafety controls. In the event that the glovebox is used to proc
32、ess and handle metallic plutonium, it should provide a dry inertatmosphere such as nitrogen or argon to prevent combustion or pyrophoric behavior of the plutonium. Compartmentalizationwithin and between gloveboxes should be considered and installed as necessary to mitigate the potential seriousness
33、of accidentsinvolving fire, explosion, or criticality. The glovebox system design should consider interconnecting tunnels, conveyors, andpassageways for transferring materials between adjacent gloveboxes. Provision for containment should be provided.6.2 Confinement:6.2.1 The glovebox shall be design
34、ed to operate at 50 to 500 Pa 0.2 to 2.0 in. H2O gauge pressure negative to the room inwhich it is located. The glovebox and its accessory equipment shouldshall be designed to prevent liquid flooding or subjection ofthe box to excessive vacuum or pressure. Control devices, such as oil filtered U-tub
35、es to relieve pressure, shall be positive-actingor automatic, or both. See USAEC Report TID 24236.8 Passive features such as inlet filters, restricted orifices or both shall beconsidered and sized appropriately.6.2.2 The glovebox, when assembled and blanked off (evacuated to a given negative pressur
36、e and sealed off from furtherevacuation source), should pass a leak-rate not to exceed 0.3 volume % air/h when tested at an initial pressure differential of onekPa 4 in. H2O gauge for 1 h. Penetrations in the glovebox (such as conduits, ports, ducts, pipes, and windows) shall beconstructed to preven
37、t the release of radioactive material under normal operating conditions. Further test requirements forgloveboxes are defined in AGS-G001-2007 and AGS-G004-2014.6.2.3 The design of gloveboxes should include means to control and minimize the release of radioactive materials to the plantsystem during n
38、ormal plant operation and under a postulated design basis accident.6.3 Glovebox ConstructionGloveboxes should be constructed using appropriate materials and workmanship to ensureconfinement and to minimize leakage. The glovebox and support structure should be designed for the heaviest anticipated lo
39、adingin the glovebox, including such loading factors as pressure differentials, appurtenances, windows, internal equipment, and seismicloading. Combustible materials should be held to a minimum. See AGS-G001-2007 and AGS-G006-2005.6.3.1 MaterialsGloveboxes should be constructed of materials that wil
40、l be compatible with intended use for structuralstrength, corrosion resistance, resistance to radiation degradation, and radiation shielding. Gloveboxes should be structurally prooftested at pressures of either 1245 Pa +5 in. H2O gauge or 1.25 times the relief device setting, whichever is greater. T
41、hecontainment structure should be constructed from a minimum of 3.18-mm 0.125 in. thick 304L or 316L series stainless steel perSpecifications A240/A240M and A480/A480M. The interior should be smooth and free of crevices and sharp objects. Internal radiishould be compatible with decontamination and r
42、adiation monitoring in accordance with AGS standards. Strippable surfacecoatings may be applied to the interior of the glovebox to facilitate cleaning or decontamination. Surface coatings on the interiorof the glovebox may be required for protection when certain acids (hydrochloric, sulphuric, or hy
43、drofluoric) or other corrosivematerials are present in the glovebox. Any coatings applied to the interior of the glovebox must be considered as part of thecombustible material loads for that glovebox. Glovebox fabrication tolerances should be specified. See USAEC ReportTID-24236,8 USAEC Report TID-1
44、6020,9 and AGS-G001-2007 for options.6.3.2 WindowsWindows should be conveniently located for the worker, and should be constructed of noncombustible orfire-resistant materials that are resistant to mechanical shock and radiation. Gloveboxes intended for the processing and handlingof metallic plutoni
45、um or uranium should avoid using windows made of plastic or other combustible materials. Laminated glassor a combination of laminated glass and polycarbonate is the preferred construction. The windows shall be securely fastened andshould be gasketed or sealed with material that will resist deteriora
46、tion by chemical attack and radiation degradation, and permitreplacement with minimum risk of contamination to the facility. See USAEC Report TID-2489610 and AGS-G001-2007 for typesof material. Window gaskets shall be protected from a fire on both the interior and exterior of the glovebox. An exampl
47、e of aclamped window assembly that minimizes the gasket area exposed to potential fires can be found in AGS-G001-2007.6.3.3 Glove PortsGlove ports should be designed to allow replacement of gloves without compromising the gloveboxatmosphere or contamination control. Ports should be located to facili
48、tate both operating and maintenance work, and take intoaccount the need for two-handed operation, depth of reach, operator comfort from an ergonomic perspective, and positioning withrespect to other ports. A detailed dimensional analysis of the operations would assist in eliminating blind spots or i
49、naccessibleareas. If glove ports are not used routinely, they shall have glove port plugs and non-combustible glove port covers installed. Theplugs should be considered in the design for each glovebox. See AGS-G010-2011.8 “GloveboxWindow Materials: a Glovebox Fire SafetyApplication,”TID-24896, United StatesAtomic Energy Commission, Factory Mutual Research Corporation, 1969,http:/www.osti.gov/energycitations/servlets/purl/4822006-KYw7jb/.9 Garden, Nelson B., et al, AdHoc Committee on Gloveboxes, United States Atomic Energy Commission, Factory Mutual Research C
