1、考研英语模拟试卷 240及答案与解析 一、 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 Modern liberal opinion is sensitive to problems of restriction of freedom and abuse of power. (1)_, many hold that a man can be inj
2、ured only by violating his will, but this view is much too (2)_. It fails to (3)_ the great dangers we shall face in the (4)_ of biomedical technology that stems from an excess of freedom, from the unrestrained (5)_ of will. In my view, our greatest problems will be voluntary self-degradation, or wi
3、lling dehumanization, as is the unintended yet often inescapable consequence of sternly and successfully pursuing our humanization (6)_. Certain (7)_ and perfected medical technologies have already had some dehumanizing consequences. Improved methods of resuscitation have made (8)_ heroic efforts to
4、 “save“ the severely ill and injured. Yet these efforts are sometimes only partly successful: They may succeed in (9)_ individuals, but these individuals may have sever brain damage and be capable of only a less-than-human, vegetating (10)_. Such patients have been (11)_ a death with dignity. Famili
5、es are forced to bear the burden of a (12)_ “death watch“. (13)_ the ordinary methods of treating disease and prolonging life have changed the (14)_ in which men die. Fewer and fewer people die in the familiar surroundings of home or in the (15)_ of family and friends. This loneliness, (16)_, is not
6、 confined to the dying patient in the hospital bed. As a group, the elderly are the most alienated members of our society: Not yet (17)_ the world of the dead, not deemed fit for the world of the living, they are shunted (18)_. We have learned how to increase their years, (19)_ we have not learned h
7、ow to help them enjoy their days. Yet we continue to bravely and feverishly push back the frontiers (20)_ death. （ A） Indeed （ B） Likewise （ C） Therefore （ D） Furthermore （ A） detached （ B） prejudiced （ C） favored （ D） interfered （ A） identify （ B） promote （ C） recognize （ D） assist （ A） allocation
8、（ B） expense （ C） restriction （ D） availability （ A） advice （ B） access （ C） execution （ D） exercise （ A） functions （ B） goals （ C） purposes （ D） origins （ A） obtained （ B） afforded （ C） desired （ D） offered （ A） possible （ B） probable （ C） proper （ D） potential （ A） supporting （ B） rescuing （ C） re
9、placing （ D） retrieving （ A） maintenance （ B） survival （ C） life （ D） existence （ A） deprived （ B） repelled （ C） rejected （ D） denied （ A） shortened （ B） prolonged （ C） removed （ D） extended （ A） Even （ B） But （ C） Only （ D） Hence （ A） range （ B） scope （ C） context （ D） territory （ A） wake （ B） proc
10、ess （ C） company （ D） light （ A） moreover （ B） however （ C） hence （ D） thus （ A） limited to （ B） isolated from （ C） prepared for （ D） absorbed into （ A） away （ B） aside （ C） off （ D） down （ A） except （ B） so （ C） or （ D） but （ A） above （ B） against （ C） upon （ D） with Part A Directions: Read the fol
11、lowing four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points) 21 How did the company come to produce a record glorifying the murder of police, which is entitled Cop Killer by the rapper Ice-T on the album Boby Count? The album is released by Warner Bros. Records, part
12、 of the Time Warner media and entertainment conglomerate. In a Wall Street Journal oped piece laying out the companys position? Time Warner co-CEO Gerald Levin makes two defenses. First, Ice-Ts Cop Killer is misunderstood. “It doesnt induce or glorify violence. Its his fictionalized attempt to get i
13、nside a characters head. Cop Killer is no more a call for gunning down the police than Frankie and Johnny is a summons for jilted lovers to shoot one another“. Instead of “finding ways to silence the messenger“, we should be “heeding the anguished cry contained in his message“. This defense is self-
14、contradictory. Frankie and Johnny does not pretend to have a political “message“ that must be “heeded“. If Cop Killer has a message, it is that the murder of policemen is a justified response to police brutality. And not in self-defense, but in premeditated acts of revenge against random cops. Killi
15、ng policemen is a good thing that is the plain meaning of the song, and no “larger understanding“ of black culture, the rage of the streets or anything else can explain it away. As in much of todays popular music, the line between performer and performance is purposely blurred. These are political s
16、ermonettes clearly intended to support the sentiments being expressed. Traey Marrow (Ice-T) himself has said, “I scared the police, and they need to be scared“. That seems clear. The companys second defense of Cop Killer is the classic one of free expression: “We stand for creative freedom. We belie
17、ve that the worth of what an artist or journalist has to say does not depend on preapproval from a government official or a corporate censor“. Of course Ice-T has the right to say whatever he wants. But that doesnt require any company to provide him an outlet. And it doesnt relieve a company of resp
18、onsibility for the messages it chooses to promote. Judgment is not “censorship“. Many an “anguished cry“ goes unrecorded. This one was recorded, and promoted, because a successful artist under contract wanted to record it. Nothing wrong with making money, but a company cannot take the money and run
19、from the responsibility. The founder of Time, Henry Luce, would have scorned the notion that his company provided a value-free forum for the exchange of ideas. In Luces system, editors were supposed to make value judgments and promote the truth as they saw it. 21 In the eyes of the author, Ice Ts Co
20、p Killer should be condemned for （ A） praising acts of violence against police. （ B） seeking to earn enormous sums of money. （ C） working under contract with a company. （ D） exercising revenge against random cops. 22 Gerald Levin mentions the case of Frankie and Johnny to justify （ A） calling for cr
21、eative freedom. （ B） bringing home to self-defenses. （ C） perceiving true messages. （ D） accepting the murder of lovers. 23 It is often claimed that some messages conveyed in popular music （ A） are nothing but fictions. （ B） are intended for performers. （ C） are supposed to be true. （ D） are too vag
22、ue to recognize. 24 The author asserts that Gerald Levins defenses of Cop Killer are （ A） unreasonable but clear. （ B） illogical and outmoded. （ C） simple and responsible. （ D） fresh but superficial. 25 It can be learned that the company has moved far from its founders （ A） notional rigidity. （ B） c
23、reative styles. （ C） official images. （ D） media criteria. 26 Until recently, mobile radio was to wireless communications what the Yugo was to transportation. With a mixed clientele ranging from truckers using CBs to police armed with walkie-talkies to taxi drivers dispatched by radio, it was viewed
24、 as an unglamorous business and a technological backwater. But specialized mobile radio, as it is known, has been rediscovered. It is now considered one of the biggest prizes in the all-out war for the public airwaves. The reason: high-tech companies have figured out how to profitably rebuild the an
25、tiquated dispatching system into an advanced cellular-telephone network that can take on the likes of AT T and the giant Baby Bells. Upstart Nextel Communications sent shock waves through the industry last week when it agreed to buy Motorolas SMR frequencies for $1.8 billion. That could pose a serio
26、us threat to cellular hegemony. Although both systems are based on the same basic technology, SMR systems are digital and cover almost 25 times as much area as the average cellular network. SMR handsets wont work on cellular systems and tend to be bulkier than cellular phones, though they provide mo
27、re features, like a digital pager service. And while cellular growth has tripled to some 13 million subscribers since 2000, the technology has been losing ground. It is running out of channel capacity so fast, in fact, that 40% of cellular calls in high-density areas like Manhattan and Los Angeles f
28、ail to be completed. SMRs have capacity to spare, and service could eventually be priced 10% to 15% less than cellular. Dispatchers predict they will have at least 10 million subscribers by the end of the decade. There are now about 1.5 million users of SMRs. The addition of another contender to an
29、already crowded field of telephone systems will surely multiply the confusion. By the year 2010, consumers will be able to choose from at least half a dozen vendors of a dizzying array of wireless-communications services, including pagers, voice mail answering machines and cellular phones. Phone and
30、 cable television operators, such as Bell South, MCI and Cox Enterprises, are developing so-called personal-communications networks, or PCNs, a highly advanced portable-phone system that is expected to cover a wider area, connect to a greater variety of services and be cheaper to operate than conven
31、tional cellular. And many companies that have gambled on the wrong technological standards, and invested billions trying to develop the same markets, will undoubtedly lose a great deal of money before the shakeout is over. “The winners“, says Nextel chairman Morgan OBrien, “will be those who can mak
32、e the choice for consumers easy“. With all the anticipated confusion mindful of the early years of personal computers it is likely to be years before anyone calls the purchase of wireless products an “easy“ choice. 26 How did mobile radio systems find its business competitiveness? （ A） Its technolog
33、ical features have radically changed. （ B） It has been rebuilt to cater to various subscribers. （ C） Its dimensions have been reduced by wide margins. （ D） It was connected to a greater variety of services. 27 SMR systems gain an edge over other services mostly by virtue of （ A） its prohibitive reta
34、il prices. （ B） its operational convenience. （ C） its wider coverage areas. （ D） its small storage capacity. 28 We learn from the text that users of wireless products are more often than not confronted with （ A） missing networks. （ B） technical failures. （ C） wrong standards. （ D） confusing choices.
35、 29 The basic problem with mobile telephone companies as pointed out by the writer lies in their （ A） enthusiasm about competition. （ B） dubious technological standards. （ C） exaggeration of product features. （ D） awkward marketing strategies. 30 From the text we can see that the writer seems （ A） d
36、etached. （ B） realistic. （ C） sensitive. （ D） optimistic. 31 The day was star-crossed: Friday the 13th in the month of October, on the eve of the second looming anniversary of a devastating market crash. “Im telling you, psychology is really funny. People get crazy in situations like that“, said por
37、tfolio strategist Elaine Garzarelli. Last week Friday the 13th lived up to its frightful reputation. After drifting lower at a sleepy pace for most of the day, the Dow Jones industrial average abruptly lurched into a hair-raising sky dive in the final hour of trading. The Bush Administration moved s
38、wiftly to avert any sense of crisis after the market Closed. Declared Treasury Secretary Nicholas Brady: “Its important to recognize that todays stock market decline doesnt signal any fundamental change in the condition of the economy. The economy remains well balanced, and the outlook is for contin
39、ued moderate growth“. But Massachusetts Democrat Edward Markey, who chairs a House subcommittee on telecommunications and finance, vowed to hold hearings this week on the stock market slide. Said he: “This is the second heart attack. My hope is that before we have the inevitable third heart attack,
40、we pay attention to these problems“. Experts found no shortage of culprits to blame for the latest shipwreck. A series of downbeat realizations converged on Friday, ranging from signs of a new burst of inflation to sagging corporate profits to troubles in the junk-bond market that has fueled major t
41、akeovers. The singular event that shook investors was the faltering of a $6.75 billion labor management buyout of UAL, the parent company of United Airlines, the second largest U.S. carrier. On one point most thoughtful Wall Streeters agreed: the market had reached such dizzying heights that a corre
42、ction of some sort seemed almost inevitable. Propelled by favorable economic news and a wave of multibillion-dollar takeovers, stocks had soared more than 1,000 points since the 1987 crash. But by last August some Wall streeters were clearly worried. The heaviest blow to the market came Friday after
43、noon. In a three-paragraph statement, UAL said a labor-management group headed by Chairman Stephen Wolf had failed to get enough financing to acquire United. Several banks had apparently balked at the deal, which was to be partly financed through junk bonds. The take-over group said it would submit
44、a revised bid “in the near term“, but the announcement stunned investors who had come to view the United deal as the latest sure thing in the 1980s buyout binge. Said John Downey, a trader at the Chicago Board Options Exchange: “The airline stocks have looked like attractive takeover targets. But wi
45、th the United deal in trouble, everyone started to wonder what other deals might not go through.“ 31 The tone of the writer as reflected in the first sentence is （ A） sensible. （ B） irrational. （ C） defiant. （ D） ironical. 32 How do the public feel about the current economic situation? （ A） Trustful
46、. （ B） Panicked. （ C） Carefree. （ D） Confused. 33 When mentioning “the latest shipwreck“ (Para. 3), the author is talking about （ A） stock market decline. （ B） junk bond market. （ C） enormous acquisitions. （ D） corporate profits. 34 The main reason for the latest crisis in stock market as pointed ou
47、t by the writer lies in （ A） the perception of inflation. （ B） the collapse of confidence. （ C） the failure of a buyout deal. （ D） the correction of a market. 35 What does the writer say of the stock market decline? （ A） Such an acute crisis usually precedes a boom. （ B） It will constitute attractiv
48、e takeover targets. （ C） Investors have trouble plucking up courage. （ D） It triggered responses from various sectors. 36 Should anyone much care whether an American boy living overseas gets six vicious thwacks on his backside? So much has been argued, rejoined and rehashed about the case of Michael
49、 Fay, an 18-year-old convicted of vandalism and sentenced to a caning in Singapore, that an otherwise sorry little episode has shaded into a certified International Incident, complete with intercessions by the U.S. head of state. An affair has outraged American libertarians even as it has animated a general debate about morality East and West and the proper functioning of U.S. law and order. Which, to all appearances, is what Singapore wanted. The question of whether anyone should
