1、考研英语模拟试卷 196及答案与解析 一、 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 Niagara is an Indian word which means “roaring water“. Indeed, the roar of the falling water of Niagara can be heard (1)_ a distanc
2、e of 5 kms. Imagine (2)_ of water flowing over a cliff 90 feet high and you will get an idea of that terrible noise. And (3)_ tremendous power the Niagara River has! It moves big rocks about and throws them into the boiling water below. (4)_ ago an old ship without single person on board was put in
3、mid-stream. It sailed down the river (5)_ a toy boat with great speed. Having reached the fall, the ship dropped into the boiling water, never (6)_ again. There were some people who wanted to become famous (7)_ swimming across the most dangerous part of the Niagara River. One of them was Captain Web
4、b who said that he would try to swim cross the Niagara, which (8)_ crowds of people. On the evening of July 1st, 1893, Captain Webb came up to the river and (9)_ a plunge. His having jumped into the water (10)_ many people with horror. Soon, he appeared in the middle of the river. A loud shout went
5、up from the crowd, but a moment later there was (11)_ silence. The man had disappeared under the water. Thousands of eyes (12)_ on the river, but the man was drowned. In 1902, a certain Miss Taylor decided to go over the falls in a barrel. There were different kinds of pillows inside the barrel to p
6、revent her from (13)_. Having examined the barrel carefully, Miss Taylor got in. The barrel was closed and then (14)_ into the water. Having reached the falls, it overturned and was shot down by the terrible (15)_ of the water. When the barrel was finally caught and opened, Miss Taylor came out aliv
7、e (16)_ with a frightened look in her eyes. Once a crowd of visitors saw a rope (17)_ over from one bank of the river to the other. Then they saw a man (18)_ the rope. The man was an actor, Blondin (19)_. He managed to cross Niagara Falls on a tight rope. The people on the bank were surprised at his
8、 (20)_ it so well. （ A） within （ B） inside （ C） at （ D） on （ A） much （ B） a great number （ C） mass （ D） a mass （ A） how much （ B） what （ C） so （ D） how （ A） Sometimes （ B） Many times （ C） Much time （ D） Some time （ A） as （ B） as if （ C） like （ D） likely （ A） to appear （ B） appearing （ C） appeared （
9、D） appear （ A） for （ B） by （ C） through （ D） from （ A） attracted （ B） drew （ C） caused （ D） pulled （ A） gave （ B） made （ C） did （ D） took （ A） filling （ B） full of （ C） filled （ D） was filled （ A） dead （ B） dying （ C） died （ D） death （ A） being stopped （ B） were fixing （ C） were fixed （ D） fixed （ A
10、） being hurt （ B） having hurt （ C） hurting （ D） hurt （ A） being throw （ B） throwing （ C） thrown （ D） threw （ A） power （ B） strength （ C） force （ D） capacity （ A） therefore （ B） however （ C） so （ D） but （ A） being put （ B） put （ C） having put （ D） putting （ A） step across （ B） step out onto （ C） step
11、 along （ D） step on （ A） in name （ B） under the name of （ C） by name （ D） to the name of （ A） done （ B） having done （ C） having been done （ D） being done Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points) 21 On the ground floo
12、r of the Federal Reserve building in Washington, DC, there is an electronic game which tests a visitors skill at setting interest rates. You have to decide how to respond to events such as rising inflation or a stockmarket crash. If you get all the answers right, the machine declares you the next Fe
13、d chairman. In real life, because of huge uncertainties about data and how the economy works, there is no obviously right answer to the question of when to change interest rates. Nor is there any easy test of who will make the best Fed chairman. So who would The Economist Select for the job? Alan Gr
14、eenspan will retire as Fed chairman on January 31st, after a mere 18 years in the job. So George Bush needs to nominate a successor soon. Mr. Bush has a penchant for picking his pals to fill top jobs: last week he nominated his personal lawyer Harriet Miers to the Supreme Court. But his personal ban
15、k manager really would not cut the mustard as Fed chairman. This is the most important economic-policy job in Americaindeed in the whole world. The Fed chairman sets interest rates with the aim of controlling inflation, which in turn helps determine the value of the dollar, the worlds main reserve c
16、urrency. It is hardly surprising that financial markets worldwide can rise or fall on his every word. Financial markets are typically more volatile during the first year after the handover to a new chairman than during the rest of his tenure. In October 1987, barely two months after Mr. Greenspan to
17、ok office, the stockmarket crashed. Current conditions for a handover are hardly ideal. Americas economy has never looked so unbalanced, with a negative household savings rate, a housing bubble, a hefty budget deficit, a record current-account deficit and rising inflation. Figures due on October 14t
18、h are expected to show that the 12-month rate of inflation has risen above 4% its highest since 1991. 21 Which of the following questions does the text discuss? （ A） What is the content of the electronic game? （ B） Who could fill Alan Greenspans shoes? （ C） How to respond to events such as rising in
19、flation? （ D） Who could change interest rates? 22 The phrase “cut the mustard“ in the second paragraph most probably means （ A） be qualified （ B） lower interest rate （ C） be acquisitive （ D） spend spree 23 Which of the following words best defines the relationship between the value of dollar and set
20、ting of interest rates? （ A） Counteractive. （ B） Naive. （ C） Interactive. （ D） Novel. 24 Which of the following, according to the text, is a common phenomenon? （ A） Financial markets and stock markets crash due to the handover. （ B） Comment by the Fed chairman are invalid in the world financial mark
21、ets, （ C） Inflation rises above 4% record high level. （ D） Remarks by the Fed chairman can sway the world financial markets. 25 The author mentions “a housing bubble“ in the last paragraph so as to （ A） clarify the fact that Alan Greenspan will retire as Fed chairman （ B） exemplify the rumor that Mr
22、. Bush has a penchant for picking his pals to fill top jobs （ C） illustrate the notion that the present situations for a handover are hardly ideal （ D） refute the theory that American economy has never looked so unbalanced 26 “The essential qualities of a true Pan-Americanism“, remarked Franklin Roo
23、sevelt in 1933, “must be the same as those which constitute a good neighbour, namely mutual understanding and. a sympathetic appreciation of the others point of view.“ That is advice which the United States would do well to heed in its relations with its immediate neighbours, Canada and Mexico. Most
24、 Americans may not be aware of it, but frustrations and resentments are building just across their borders to both south and north. Of course, neighbourly ties in North America are closer than in Roosevelts day. Under the North American Free-Trade Agreement (NAFTA), trade among the three countries h
25、as more than doubled since 1994 and cross-border investment climbed even faster. In the aftermath of the terrorist attacks of September 11th 2001, the United States moved quickly to sign “smart border“ agreements with both Canada and Mexico, to try to ensure that the demands of security did not inte
26、rrupt trade. By the standards of much of the 20th century, political ties between the United States and Mexico are warm. Yet go to either border and you wouldnt know all this. Fed up with the flow of illegal migrants from the south, the governors of Arizona and New Mexico this month declared a state
27、 of emergency. Violence between drug gangs recently led the United States temporarily to close its consulate in Nuevo Laredo, the busiest border-crossing point. The American ambassador bluntly criticises Mexico for its failure to prevent drug-related violence along the border. That has prompted reta
28、liatory verbal blasts from Mexican officials. Canadas mood is not much more cordial. Since September 11th, Canadians and Americans alike have become less keen on popping over what they liked to call “the worlds longest undefended border“ for shopping or recreation. Canadians increasingly disagree wi
29、th Americans over matters as varied as the Iraq war and gay marriage. They are disillusioned with NAFTA, claiming it has failed to prevent the United States from unlawfully punishing their exports of, for example, lumber. So what? Friction is in the nature of international relations, and the problem
30、s on the northern border are different from those in the south. Yet there is a common denominator. Americans tend to see security, migration, drugs, even trade, as domestic political issues. But so they are for Canada and Mexico too. Like it or not, Americans rely on their neighbours for prosperity,
31、 energy and help with security. It behooves all three countries to show some “sympathetic understanding“. 26 It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _. （ A） the essential qualities of a true Pan Americanism were defined by Franklin Roosevelt （ B） mutual understanding is one of the most far-
32、reaching elements in North America （ C） Few Americans may be aware of others point of view （ D） Americas friendship with Canada and Mexico risks going sour 27 Political relationship is discussed in the text so as to _. （ A） illustrate Canadas cordial mood toward Mexico and America （ B） interpret the
33、 improved neighbourly ties in North America （ C） foretell the prospect of international relations （ D） gauge the flow of illegal migrants from Mexico 28 The term “the south“ in the third paragraph most probably refers to _. （ A） the Southern part of America （ B） Mexico （ C） the Southern hemisphere （
34、 D） the South Africa 29 According to the text, America and Canada have yet to reach consensus on _. （ A） lumber export （ B） the Iraq reconstruction （ C） homo marriage （ D） defense of the worlds longest border 30 In the last paragraph of the text, the author intends to define _. （ A） the friction of
35、the northern border （ B） the significance of international ties （ C） the difference between Canadians and Mexicans （ D） the importance of being good neighbours 31 It has long been the subject of speculation among the police and criminologists: what would happen if all the officers who now spend so m
36、uch of their time taking statements, profiling criminals and moving pieces of paper around were suddenly put on the streets? Crime figures released by Londons Metropolitan Police this week provide the best answer yet. Following the bombings of July 7th and 21st, thousands of police officers material
37、ised on Londons pavements, many of them sporting brightly coloured jackets. Drawn from all over the city, they were assigned to guard potential targets such as railway stations. The police presence was especially heavy in the bombed boroughs: Camden (which was struck three times), Hammersnrith and F
38、ulham, Lamheth, Tower Hamlets, Westminster and the City of London. The show of force did not just scare off terrorists. There was less crime in July than in May or June, which as unusual: the warmer month tends to bring out criminal tendencies, as windows are left open and alcohol is imbibed alfresc
39、o. But the chilling effect was much stronger in the six boroughs that were targeted by terrorists. There, overall crime was down by 12% compared with July 2004. In inner London as a whole, crime fell by 6%. But in outer London, where the blue line was thinner, it went up slightly. Simon Foy, who tra
40、cks such trends at the Metropolitan Police, says that crime fell particularly steeply on the days of the attacks, partly because of the overwhelming police presence and partly because “even criminals were watching their televisions“. What is significant is that crime barely rose thereafter. That was
41、 a change from the aftermath of September 11th 2001, when crime quickly soared just about everywhere possibly because officers were deployed only in the very centre of London. “The received wisdom among criminologists is that marginal changes in visible patrolling have little or no effect on crime,“
42、 says Mike Hough, a criminologist at Kings College London. Julys experiment should put that argument to rest. Even if offenders do not make rational calculations about the odds of being caught which was low both before and after the bombings they will be moved by a display of overwhelming force. 31
43、What does the word “materialise“ mean in the second paragraph? （ A） bomb （ B） investigate （ C） provoke （ D） appear 32 Which of the following facts, according to third paragraph of the text, will be taken for granted by British? （ A） The warmer month tends to result in criminal tendencies. （ B） Crime
44、 went up slightly in July 2004. （ C） The show of force did put an end to terrorists. （ D） Bombings are inevitable in outer London. 33 It can be inferred from the text that the crime occurrence may be associated with _. （ A） the trends which can be tracks （ B） the deployment of the blue line （ C） the
45、 overwhelming presence of criminals in London （ D） the number of the days of terrorist attacks 34 The authors attitude toward Mike Houghs remark is _. （ A） consent （ B） ambivalent （ C） denial （ D） approval 35 Which of the following would be the best title for the text? （ A） London Bombings Are Sever
46、e. （ B） Terrorists Are Scared Off. （ C） Terrorism Cuts Crime. （ D） Marginal Changes Take Place. 36 Last weekend, sportsmen and women of an unusually hardy disposition descended on Sherborne, a pretty Dorset town. There, they swam twice around Sherborne Castles lake, cycled 180kin and then ran a mara
47、thon. The winners of this gruelling raceBritains inaugural Ironman triathlon were rewarded with a spot in a prestigious race in Hawaii, where yet more pain awaits. For a sport barely known in Britain five years ago, triathlon has grown at a sprinters pace. This year the British Triathlon Association
48、, the governing body, will sanction some 450 triathlons, duathlons (running and biking) and aquathlons (running and swimming). These vary from tough races aimed at endurance junkies to shorter events designed to lure newcomers. By far the most successful is the London triathlon, which, three weeks a
49、go, brought 8,000 half of them first-timers to the Royal Victoria Dock in east London. That made it the worlds biggest. There are echoes of the jogging craze of the early 1980s. Both sports are American exports; both have grown partly thanks to television coverage. Inclusion in the Olympic and Commonwealth games has conferred credibility and state funding on triathlon. Even better, Britains professional triathletes are doing rather well
