1、职称英语（综合类） B级模拟试卷 33及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The boys were charmed by the sailors tales of adventure. （ A） bewildered （ B） attracted （ C） distracted （ D） diverted 2 In order to show his boss what a careful worker he was, he took extra tr
2、ouble over the figures. （ A） extensive （ B） spare （ C） additional （ D） supreme 3 The repair work involved modifying two of the windows. （ A） clearing （ B） changing （ C） mending （ D） painting 4 During the past ten years there have been dramatic changes in the international situation. （ A） permanent （
3、 B） powerful （ C） striking （ D） practical 5 Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed. （ A） physical （ B） mental （ C） natural （ D） hard 6 The earth moves around the sun. （ A） before （ B） round （ C） after （ D） over 7 I dont quite follow what she is saying. （ A） observe （ B） und
4、erstand （ C） explain （ D） describe 8 The contractor underestimated the building costs which turned out to be much more. （ A） estimated （ B） overestimated （ C） undervalued （ D） suppressed 9 Several international events in the early 1990s seem likely to go backwards, or at least weaken, the trends tha
5、t emerged in the 1980s. （ A） revolt （ B） revolve （ C） reverse （ D） revive 10 Then the speaker talked about the various factors leading to the present economic crisis. （ A） went after （ B） went for （ C） went into （ D） went on 11 During the past ten years there have been dramatic changes in the intern
6、ational situation. （ A） permanent （ B） powerful （ C） striking （ D） practical 12 The committee comprises five persons. （ A） absorbs （ B） concerns （ C） excludes （ D） involves 13 You must shine your shoes. （ A） polish （ B） clear （ C） wash （ D） mend 14 The document was compiled by the Department of Heal
7、th （ A） written （ B） printed （ C） attached （ D） sent 15 We need to extract the relevant financial data. （ A） store （ B） obtain （ C） save （ D） review 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 TV Games Shows One of the
8、 most fascinating things about television is the size of the audience. A novel can be on the best sellers list with a sale of fewer than 100,000 copies, but a popular TV show might have 70 million TV viewers. TV can make anything or anyone well known overnight. This is the principle behind quiz or g
9、ame shows, which put ordinary people on TV to play a game for the prize and money. A quiz show can make anyone a star, and it can give away thousands of dollars just for fun. But all of this money can create problems. For instance, in the 1950s, quiz shows were very popular in the U.S. and almost ev
10、eryone watched them. Charles Van Doren, an English instructor, became rich and famous after winning money on several shows. He even had a career as a television personality. But one of the losers proved that Charles Van Doren was cheating. It turned out that the shows producers, who were pulling the
11、 strings, gave the answers to the most popular contestants beforehand. Why? Because if the audience didnt like the person who won the game, they would turn the show off. Based on his story, a movie under the title Quiz Show is on 40 years later. Charles Van Doren is no longer involved with TV. But g
12、ame shows are still here, though they arent taken as seriously. In fact, some of them try to be as ridiculous as possible. There are shows that send strangers on vacation trips together, or that try to cause newly-married couples to fight on TV, or that punish losers by humiliating them. The enterta
13、inment now is to see what people will do just to be on TV. People still win money, but the real prize is to be in front of an audience of millions. 16 TV can make a beggar world-famous overnight. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 The principle behind quiz or game shows is to put ordinary p
14、eople on TV to play a game for prizes and money. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Prizes and money are usually provided by TV stars and large companies for winners. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 One of the TV personalities, Charles Van Doren was proved to be cheating by pers
15、uading the Shows producers to give him the answers beforehand. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 The huge scandal of cheating in TV games shows was not exposed until 40 years later in the movie Quiz Show. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Nowadays game shows are not treated as se
16、riously as they used to be. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Winners of present-day TV shows no longer get money from the shows. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每
17、个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 A. he developed 3,000 theories B. he couldnt afford to buy a pair of shoes C. he found himself an unsuccessful man D. they quitted E. an innovation should work immediately F. failure is the mother of success 23 People often didnt realize how close they were to success when _. 24 Befo
18、re Henry Ford eventually developed the Model T car, _. 25 Walt Disney was once so poor that _. 26 The media demand that _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 27 Weight on and off the Ears We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quite an
19、effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take for granted. Because we can feel that things are heavy, we think of “weight“ as being a fixed quality in an object, but it is not really fixed at all. If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it wo
20、uld weigh only a quarter of a pound. Why would things weigh only a quarter as much as they do at the surface of the earth if we took them 4,000 miles out into space? The reason is this: All objects have a natural attraction for all other objects; this is called gravitational attraction. But this pow
21、er of attraction between two objects gets weaker as they get farther apart. When the butter was at the surface of the earth, it was 4,000 miles from the center. When we took the butter 4,000 miles out, it was 8,000 from the center, which is twice the distance. If you double the distance between two
22、objects, their gravitational attraction decreases two times two. If you treble the distance, it gets nine times weaker (three times three) and so on. So this is one of the first things we need to remember: that the weight of an object in space is not the same as its weight on the surface of the eart
23、h. What about the weight of our pound of butter on the surface of the moon? At the distance the pull of the earth is about 4,000 times smaller than it is here on the surface, so we can forget all about the earth-pull on our butter. On the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between t
24、he butter and the moon: but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of gravitational pull Hat a body produces depends on the amount of material in it .A packet of butter has a gravitational pul
25、l of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun. 27 How much would four pounds of tea weigh if it was taken 4,000 miles out from the surface of the earth? （ A） 1 pound. （ B） 2 pounds. （ C） 3 pounds. （ D） 4 pounds. 28 We find it
26、 hard to break free from ideas connected with living on the earth because （ A） it demands too great an effort for us to do so. （ B） we are too familiar with the way things are to question the ideas. （ C） we have proved that those ideas are correct. （ D） we are so sure of ourselves that we never doub
27、t anything on the earth. 29 According to the passage, “weight“ should be understood in the sense that （ A） it is fixed if it is outside the earths gravitational pull. （ B） it decreases four times when it is 4,000 miles from the earths center. （ C） it varies with the change of the gravitational attra
28、ction between two objects. （ D） things increase in amount as they are closer to the earths surface. 30 We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter because （ A） it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own. （ B） its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it. （ C） its pull
29、disappears in the presence of the earths gravitation. （ D） it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull. 31 The main idea of this passage is （ A） different weight systems in different places. （ B） freedom from traditional ideas. （ C） traveling from the earth to the moon. （ D） the effect of grav
30、itation on weight. 31 Ancient Egypt Brought Down by Famine Even ancient Egypts mighty pyramid (金字塔 ) builders were powerless in the face of the famine (饥荒 ) that helped bring down their civilization around 2180 B.C. Now evidence collected from mud deposited by the River Nile suggests that a shift in
31、 climate thousands of kilometers to the south was ultimately to blame and the same or worse could happen today. The ancient Egyptians depended on the Niles annual floods to irrigate their crops. But any change in climate that pushed the African monsoons (季风 ) southwards out of Ethiopia would have re
32、duced these floods. Declining rains in the Ethiopian highlands would have meant fewer plants to stabilize the soil. When rain did fall it would have washed large amounts of soil into the Blue Nile and into Egypt, along with sediment (沉积 ) from the White Nile. Blue Nile mud has a different isotope (同
33、位素 ) signature from that of the white Nile, so by analyzing isotope differences in mud deposited in the Nile Delta, Michael Krom of Leeds University worked out what proportion of sediment came from each branch of the river. Krom reasons that during periods of drought, the amount of Blue Nile mud in
34、the river would he relatively high. He found that one of these periods, from 4500 to 4200 years ago, immediately came before the fall of the Egypts old Kingdom. The weakened waters would have been disaster for the Egyptians. “Changes that affect food supply dont have to be very large to have a rippl
35、e (波浪 ) effect in societies, “says Bill Ryan of the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory in New York. Similar events today could be even more devastating, says team member Daniel Stanley, A scientist from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D. C. “Anything humans do to shift the climate belts woul
36、d have an even worse effect along the Nile system today because the populations have increased dramatically. “ 32 Why does the author mention “Egypts mighty pyramid builders“? （ A） Because they once worked miracles （ B） Because they were well-built （ C） Because they were actually very weak （ D） Beca
37、use even they were unable to rescue their civilization 33 Which of the following factors was ultimately responsible for bringing down the civilization of ancient Egypt? （ A） Change of climate （ B） Corruption （ C） Flood （ D） Population growth 34 Which of the following statements is true? （ A） The Whi
38、te Nile is the trunk of the River Nile. （ B） The White Nile is the trunk of the Blue Nile. （ C） The White Nile is a branch of the Blue Nile. （ D） The White Nile is a branch of the River Nile. 35 According to Krom, the Egypts old Kingdom fell _. （ A） immediately after a period of drought （ B） immedia
39、tely after a period of flood （ C） just before a drought struck （ D） just before a flood struck 36 The word “devastating“ in the last paragraph could be best replaced by _. （ A） frustrating （ B） damaging （ C） defeating （ D） worrying 36 Teaching Poetry No poem should ever be discussed or “analyzed“, u
40、ntil it has been read aloud by someone, teacher or student. Better still, perhaps, is the practice of reading it twice, once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end, so the sound of the poem is the last thing one hears of it. All discussions of poetry are, in fact, preparations for re
41、ading it aloud, and the reading of the poem is, finally, the most telling “interpretation“ of it, suggesting tone, rhythm, and meaning all at once. Hearing a poet read the word in his or her own voice, on records or on film, is obviously a special reward. But even those aids to teaching can not repl
42、ace the student and teacher reading it or, best of all, reciting (背诵 ) it. I have come to think, in fact, that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than “analyzing“ it, if there isnt time for both. I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry. Poe
43、try is “a criticism of life“, and “a heightening (提升 ) of life“. It is “an approach to the truth of feeling“, and it “can save your life“. It also deserves a place in the teaching of language and literature more central than it presently occupies. I am not saying that every English teacher must teac
44、h poetry. Those who dont like it should not be forced to put that dislike on anyone else. But those who do teach poetry must keep in mind a few things about its essential nature, about its sound as well as its sense, and they must make room in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking abo
45、ut it. 37 To have a better understanding of a poem, one should _. （ A） discuss it with others （ B） analyze it by oneself （ C） copy it down in a notebook （ D） practice reading it aloud 38 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a function of poetry? （ A） Extending your life （ B） Saving your life （
46、 C） Criticizing life （ D） Heightening life 39 According to the writer, one of the purposes of teaching English is to get students _. （ A） to understand life （ B） to enjoy poetry （ C） to become teachers （ D） to become poets 40 What does the last sentence in the third paragraph imply? （ A） More stress
47、 should be laid on the teaching of poetry （ B） Poetry is more important than any other subject （ C） One cannot enjoy life fully without an understanding of poetry （ D） Poetry is the foundation of all language and literature courses 41 The phrase “make room“ in the last paragraph could be best replac
48、ed by _. （ A） build a booth （ B） provide equipment （ C） leave a certain amount of time （ D） set aside enough space 五、 补全短文 (第 46-50，每题 2分，共 10分 ) 下面的短文有 5处空白，短文后有 6个句子，其中 5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置 ，以恢复文章原貌。 42 Good Writing Like fine food, good writing is something we approach with pleasure and enjoy
49、from the first taste to the last.(46)Quite the contrary, just as the cook has to undergo an intensive training, mastering the skills of his trade, the writer must sit at his desk and devote long hours to achieving a style In his writing, whatever its purpose-school work, matters of business, or purely social communication.(47). There are still some remote places in the world where you might find someone to do your business or social writing for you, for a fee. Th
