1、考博英语模拟试卷 264及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Japan is a_society of one nationality and a few underrepresented minority groups, such as the ethnic Chinese and Koreans. （ A） spontaneous （ B） simultaneous （ C） homogenous （ D） instantaneous 2 Those persons whose religious_ heavily relied on rituals,
2、 such as infant baptism, were more likely to support the Democrats. （ A） confession （ B） condemnation （ C） establishment （ D） acknowledgement 3 The number of stay-at-home fathers reached a record high last year, new figures show, as families saw a_in female breadwinners. （ A） raise （ B） rise （ C） ar
3、ise （ D） increase 4 The market for dust masks and air purifiers is_in Beijing because the capital has been shrouded for several days in thick fog and haze. （ A） booming （ B） looming （ C） dooming （ D） zooming 5 Traditional fairytales are being ditched by parents because they are too_for their young c
4、hildren, a study found. （ A） scarce （ B） scary （ C） scared （ D） scarred 6 It has been revealed that nearly one in five degree courses has been_since the tripling of tuition fees to 9, 000 a year. （ A） scratched （ B） scraped （ C） scrabbled （ D） scrapped 7 Microsoft founder Bill Gates has_about being
5、a parent, stating that 13 is an appropriate age for a childs first cell phone. （ A） opened up （ B） taken up （ C） put up （ D） held up 8 Sales of mushrooms have hit an all-time high as Britons increasingly turn to the cheap and_ foodstuff for their cooking. （ A） versatile （ B） multiple （ C） manifold （
6、 D） diverse 9 “Gangnam Style“, the_popular song from South Korean recording artist PSY has just become the most watched video on YouTube ever. （ A） sanely （ B） insanely （ C） rationally （ D） insatiably 10 The_British theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking once said in an interview that heaven is a fai
7、ry story for people afraid of the dark. （ A） imposing （ B） lofty （ C） prominent （ D） eminent 11 The stream overflowed and the flood_all of the farmland in the area. （ A） submerged （ B） sank （ C） soaked （ D） stripped 12 Powell calls for drawdown from Iraq by mid-2007. His comments break his long publ
8、ic silence on the issue and place him_with the administration. （ A） at will （ B） at ease （ C） at times （ D） at odds 13 We cannot be_the choices that our children are going to make, even though we have contributed to those choices. （ A） subject to （ B） susceptible to （ C） accountable for （ D） crazy a
9、bout 14 Its easier to dismiss reports of low employee morale than face the facts and act_. （ A） consequently （ B） accordingly （ C） successfully （ D） excessively 15 She took a(n)_to the house as soon as she saw it. （ A） preference （ B） affection （ C） attention （ D） fancy 16 He always included somethi
10、ng above the understanding of his hearers in order to prevent them from becoming_and to stimulate their desire to learn more. （ A） pessimistic （ B） complacent （ C） perplexed （ D） complicated 17 The students on the school bus were_for half an hour in the traffic so all of them were late for class tha
11、t morning. （ A） held up （ B） kept off （ C） taken back （ D） put off 18 This special committee was established for well-integrated members of the society and not for_individuals. （ A） marginal （ B） minor （ C） eccentric （ D） distinctive 19 In the past, competition for jobs caused different_groups to be
12、 hostile toward each other. （ A） sexist （ B） ethnic （ C） gracious （ D） classic 20 The old musician decided to move to her country home_her advanced age and poor health. （ A） with regard to （ B） by virtue of （ C） on account of （ D） at the verge of 二、 Cloze 20 During recent years we have heard much ab
13、out “race“: how this race does certain things and that race believes certain things and so on. Yet, the【 C1】 _phenomenon of race consists of a few surface indications. We judge race usually【 C2】 _the coloring of the skin: a white race, a brown race, a yellow race and a black race. But【 C3】 _you were
14、 to remove the skin you could not【 C4】_anything about the race to which the individual belonged. There is【 C5】 _in physical structure, the brain or the internal organs to【 C6】 _a difference. There are four types of blood.【 C7】 _types are found in every race, and no type is distinct to any race. Huma
15、n brains are the【 C8】 _. No scientists could examine a brain and tell you the race to which the individual belonged. Brains will【 C9】 _in size, but this occurs within every race.【 C10】 _does size have anything to do with intelligence. The largest brain【 C11】 _examined belonged to a person of weak【 C
16、12】 _On the other hand, some of our most distinguished people have had【 C13】 _brains. Mental tests which are reasonably【 C14】 _show no differences in intelligence between races. High and low test results both can be recorded by different members of any race.【 C15】_equal educational advantages, there
17、 will be no difference in average standings, either on account of race or geographical location. 21 【 C1】 （ A） complete （ B） full （ C） total （ D） whole 22 【 C2】 （ A） in （ B） from （ C） at （ D） on 23 【 C3】 （ A） since （ B） if （ C） as （ D） while 24 【 C4】 （ A） speak （ B） talk （ C） tell （ D） mention 25 【
18、C5】 （ A） something （ B） everything （ C） nothing （ D） anything 26 【 C6】 （ A） display （ B） indicate （ C） demonstrate （ D） appear 27 【 C7】 （ A） All （ B） Most （ C） No （ D） Some 28 【 C8】 （ A） same （ B） identical （ C） similar （ D） alike 29 【 C9】 （ A） remain （ B） increase （ C） decrease （ D） vary 30 【 C10】
19、（ A） Only （ B） Or （ C） Nor （ D） So 31 【 C11】 （ A） ever （ B） then （ C） never （ D） once 32 【 C12】 （ A） health （ B） body （ C） mind （ D） thought 33 【 C13】 （ A） big （ B） small （ C） minor （ D） major 34 【 C14】 （ A） true （ B） exact （ C） certain （ D） accurate 35 【 C15】 （ A） Provided （ B） Concerning （ C） Give
20、n （ D） Following 三、 Reading Comprehension 35 King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted “kings dont abdicate, they dare in their sleep. “ But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. So, does the Spanis
21、h crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle? The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. When public opinion is particularly polarized, as it w
22、as following the end of the Franco regime, mon-archs can rise above “mere“ politics and “embody“ a spirit of national unity. It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs continuing popularity polarized. And also, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested r
23、egion in the world, with 10 kingdoms(not counting Vatican City and Andorra). But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure. Even so, kings an
24、d queens undoubtedly have a downside. Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very historyand sometimes the way they behave todayembodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are warning of rising inequality and the i
25、ncreasing power of inherited wealth, it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states. The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways. Princes and princesses have day-jobs and ride bicycles, not hors
26、es(or helicopters). Even so, these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%, and media intru-siveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image. While Europes monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come, it is the British royals who hav
27、e most to fear from the Spanish example. It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchys reputation with her rather ordinary(if well-heeled)granny style. The danger will come with Charles, who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world. He has failed to
28、 understand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a serviceas non-controversial and non-political heads of state. Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans, who are the monarchys worst enemies. 36 According to the first two paragraphs, Kin
29、g Juan Carlos of Spain_. （ A） used to enjoy high public support （ B） was unpopular among European royals （ C） cased his relationship with his rivals （ D） ended his reign in embarrassment 37 Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly_. （ A） owing to their undoubted and respectable status （
30、B） to achieve a balance between tradition and reality （ C） to give voter more public figures to look up to （ D） due to their everlasting political embodiment 38 Which of the following is shown to be odd, according to Paragraph 4? （ A） Aristocrats excessive reliance on inherited wealth. （ B） The role
31、 of the nobility in modern democracies. （ C） The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families. （ D） The nobilitys adherence to their privileges. 39 The British royals “have most to fear“ because Charles_. （ A） takes a rough line on political issues （ B） fails to change his lifestyle as advised （ C）
32、 takes republicans as his potential allies （ D） fails to adapt himself to his future role 40 Which of the following is the best title of the text? （ A） Carlos, Glory and Disgrace Combined （ B） Charles, Anxious to Succeed to the Throne （ C） Carlos, a Lesson for All European Monarchs （ D） Charles, Slo
33、w to React to the Coming Threats 40 Todays college students are more narcissistic(自恋的 )and self-centered than their predecessors, according to a comprehensive new study by five psychologists who worry that the trend could be harmful to personal relationships and American society. “We need to stop en
34、dlessly repeating Youre special and having children repeat that back,“ said the studys lead author, Professor Jean Twenge of San Diego State University. “Kids are self-centered enough already. “ “Unfortunately, narcissism can also have very negative consequences for society, including the breakdown
35、of close relationships with others,“ he said. The study asserts that narcissists “are more likely to have romantic relationships that are short-lived, at risk for infidelity, lack emotional warmth, and to exhibit game-playing, dishonesty, and over-controlling and violent behaviors. “ Twenge, the aut
36、hor of Generation Me: Why Todays Young Americans Are More Confident, Assertive , Entitledand More Miserable Than Ever Before, said narcissists tend to lack empathy, react aggressively to criticism and favor self-promotion over helping others. Some analysts have commended todays young people for incr
37、eased commitment to volunteer work. But Twenge viewed even this phenomenon skeptically, noting that many high schools require community service and many youths feel pressure to list such endeavors on college applications. Campbell said the narcissism upsurge seemed so pronounced(非常明显的 )that he was u
38、nsure if there were obvious remedies. “Permissiveness seems to be a component,“ he said. “ A potential antidote would be more authoritative parenting. Less indulgence might be called for. “ Yet students, while acknowledging some legitimacy to such findings, dont necessarily accept negative generaliz
39、ations about their generation. Hanady Kader, a University of Washington senior, said she worked unpaid last summer helping resettle refugees and considers many of her peers to be civic-minded. But she is dismayed(气馁，灰心 )by the competitiveness of some students who seem prematurely focused on career s
40、tatus. “Were encouraged a lot to be individuals and go out there and do what you want, and nobody should stand in your way,“ Kader said. “I can see goals and ambitions getting in the way of other things like relationships. “ Kari Dalane, a University of Vermont sophomore, says most of her contempora
41、ries are politically active and not overly self-centered. “People are worried about themselves but in the sense of where theyre going to find a place in the world,“ she said. “People want to look their best, have a good time, but it doesnt mean theyre not concerned about the rest of the world. “ Bes
42、ides, some of the responses on the narcissism test might not be worrisome, Dalane said. “It would be more depressing if people answered, No, Im not special. “ 41 According to the passage, a narcissistic person may_. （ A） hate criticism （ B） be dishonest to his/her partner （ C） be unwilling to help o
43、thers （ D） all the above 42 The italicized word “commended“(Line 1, Para. 3)means_. （ A） praised （ B） criticized （ C） recommended （ D） disfavored 43 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? （ A） Narcissism may result in bad consequences. （ B） College students are active to partic
44、ipate in volunteer work. （ C） Some people doubt whether there are remedies to counter the narcissism upsurge. （ D） Some college students are overly engaged in self-promotion. 44 It is implied that_. （ A） both the researchers and college students are worried about the trend of narcissism （ B） the res
45、earchers and college students disagree on the findings of the study （ C） the researchers and college students disagree on some of the findings of the study （ D） college students are pessimistic about their future 45 It is proper to be_when you hear someone say “Im special. “ （ A） objective （ B） pess
46、imistic （ C） optimistic （ D） worried 45 The House is expected to pass a piece of legislation Thursday that seeks to significantly rebalance the playing field for unions and employers and could possibly reverse decades of declining membership among private industries. The Employee Free Choice Act wou
47、ld allow a union to be recognized after collecting a majority of vote cards, instead of waiting for the National Labor Relations Board to oversee a secret ballot election, which can occur more than 50 days after the card vote is completed. Representatives of business on Capitol Hill oppose the bill.
48、 The National Association of Manufacturers, the National Federation of Independent Business, the U. S. Chamber of Commerce and other business groups oppose the shift away from secret ballots saying the change could threaten the privacy of the workers. “This isnt about preventing increased unionizati
49、on, its about protecting rights,“ said the National Association of Manufacturers Jason Straczewski, of his organizations opposition to bill. Straczewski says eliminating the secret-ballot step would open up employees to coercion(强迫，胁迫 )from unions. Samuel of the AFL-CIO contends the real coercion comes from employers. “Workers talking to worker
