1、考博英语模拟试卷 100及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 _ is medical technology that allows the prolongation of life artificially while the world is already over-populated? （ A） Of what use （ B） What use （ C） Of which use （ D） Which use 2 Childless couples sometimes acquire _ pets to whom they can give par
2、ental love. （ A） size of a baby （ B） size like a baby （ C） baby-sized （ D） babys size 3 I would like to say that a theory is essentially an abstract, symbolic representation of reality. （ A） what it is conceived （ B） that is conceived （ C） that is being conceived of （ D） what is conceived of 4 I was
3、 told that the woman was indifferent _ hardships and dangers. （ A） of （ B） at （ C） with （ D） to 5 A girl contemplates _ a sweater previously worn by her ex-boyfriend, but she finds the garment repulsive. （ A） to slip into （ B） to slip （ C） slipping into （ D） slip into 6 She _ her vacation so much th
4、at she didnt want it to end. （ A） missed （ B） budgeted （ C） loathed （ D） relished 7 They tried to keep it quiet but eventually everyone learned about the _ meeting. （ A） intangible （ B） sedate （ C） impudent （ D） clandestine 8 Many citizens appealed to the city government for enacting _ laws to prote
5、ct the consumers. （ A） rigorous （ B） equivocal （ C） stringent （ D） furtive 9 People who like to wear red clothes are more likely to be talkative and _. （ A） lucrative （ B） introverted （ C） vivacious （ D） perilous 10 This is but a _ of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored. （
6、A） friction （ B） fraction （ C） faction （ D） fracture 11 Her research indicates (what) many adults routinely subscribe (to) some form of what the scholar (calls) “the magical law of (contagion)“. （ A） what （ B） to （ C） calls （ D） contagion 12 She (advanced) the (theories) that those (who) had money a
7、lways (made) money. （ A） advanced （ B） theories （ C） who （ D） made 13 Why do Mexican (emigrants) in Los Angeles (tend) to have more children than the (impoverished) peasants living (in Mexico City)? （ A） emigrants （ B） tend （ C） impoverished （ D） in Mexico City 14 Business men (quite generally) look
8、 upon (rising prices) as (a symptom) of (prosperities). （ A） quite generally （ B） rising prices （ C） a symptom （ D） prosperities 15 (Few) schools (take advantages of) the vast classroom (of) the outdoors to teach the things that really (matter). （ A） Few （ B） take advantages of （ C） of （ D） matter 1
9、6 Darwin considered (continuity) or similarity of (expression) (of) animals and human beings as further evidence of human evolution (from lower forms). （ A） continuity （ B） expression （ C） of （ D） from lower forms 17 The (military aspect) of the (United States Civil War) has always attracted the (mo
10、st attention) (from scholar). （ A） military aspect （ B） United States Civil War （ C） most attention （ D） from scholar 18 (It) would be (hardly) for Mrs Sharp to find (a) man (of parts) around her. （ A） It （ B） hardly （ C） a （ D） of parts 19 The courage (we desire) and (praise) is not the courage to
11、die (decently) but to live (manly). （ A） we desire （ B） praise （ C） decently （ D） manly 20 (Be your best). The (worst) disappointment you can experience is (a disappointment) (in) yourself. （ A） Be your best （ B） worst （ C） a disappointment （ D） in 二、 Cloze 20 【 21】 summary of the physical and chemi
12、cal【 22】 of life must begin, not on the Earth, but【 23】 the Sun; in fact,【 24】 the Suns very center.【 25】 is here that is to be found the【 26】 of the energy that the Sun constantly【 27】 space【 28】 light and heat. This energy is liberated at the center of the Sun as billions upon billions of nuclei h
13、ydrogen atoms【 29】 each other and【 30】 to form nuclei of helium, and,【 31】 doing so,【 32】 some of the energy that is stored in the nuclei of atoms. The output of light and heat of the Sun【 33】 that some 600 million tons of hydrogen【 34】 helium in the Sun every second. This the Sun【 35】 for several t
14、housands of millions of years. （ A） A （ B） The （ C） That （ D） This （ A） integrity （ B） creation （ C） pollution （ D） nature （ A） on （ B） in （ C） with （ D） by （ A） in （ B） on （ C） at （ D） to （ A） What （ B） Which （ C） It （ D） They （ A） source （ B） sources （ C） resource （ D） resources （ A） pours out wit
15、h （ B） pours at （ C） pours with （ D） pours out into （ A） for （ B） by （ C） on （ D） as （ A） collides with （ B） to collide with （ C） collide with （ D） colliding （ A） confuse （ B） fuse together （ C） fuse （ D） confuse with （ A） in （ B） by （ C） at （ D） on （ A） relieve （ B） relieving （ C） release （ D） rele
16、asing （ A） acquires （ B） requires （ C） inquires （ D） demands （ A） be switched to （ B） be diverted into （ C） be reverted to （ D） be converted to （ A） has been （ B） has been doing （ C） has been done （ D） has done 三、 Reading Comprehension 35 Sound moves from its source to the ear by wave like fluctuati
17、ons in air pressure, something like the peaks and troughs or the lowest point of ocean waves. One way to keep from hearing sound is to use ear plugs. Another way is to cancel out the sound with anti-sound. Using a noise maker controlled by a microprocessor, engineers have produced sound waves that a
18、re half a wavelength out of phase with those of the noise to be quieted-each peak is matched to a trough, and vice versa. Once the researchers have recorded the offending sound, a microprocessor calculates the amplitude and wavelength of sound that will cancel out the highest and lowest points of th
19、e noise. It then produces an electric current that is amplified and fed to a loudspeaker, which produces anti-sound and wipes out the noise. If the anti-sound goes out of synchronization, a microphone picks up the leftover sound and sends it back to the microprocessor, which changes the phase of the
20、 anti-sound just enough to cause complete silence. The research team has concentrated on eliminating low-frequency noise from ship engines, which causes fatigue that can impair the efficiency and alertness of the crew, and may mask the warning sounds of alarm and fog signals. 36 The passage compares
21、 sound to _. （ A） the rising and falling of water in the ocean （ B） the crests and valleys of mountain ranges （ C） a flag waving in the air （ D） a machine for measuring air pressure 37 The passage discusses a way to deal with an offensive noise by _. （ A） diverting peoples attention from it （ B） mas
22、king it with a louder noise （ C） canceling it out electronically （ D） removing its source 38 The microprocessor described in the passage will probably be used for _. （ A） composing music （ B） repairing alarm systems （ C） eliminating engine noises （ D） intensifying fog warning sounds 39 A paragraph f
23、ollowing the passage would most probably discuss _. （ A） the nature of fog （ B） a way to improve alarm systems （ C） other causes of fatigue （ D） other uses of the microprocessor 39 Watch a baby between six and nine months old, and you will observe the basic concept of geometry being learned. Once th
24、e baby has mastered the idea that space is three dimensional, itreaches out and begins grasping various kinds of objects. It is then, from perhaps nine to fifteen months, that the concepts of sets and numbers are formed. So far, so good. But now an ominous development takes place. The nerve fibers i
25、n the brain insulate themselves in such a way that the baby begins to hear sounds very precisely. Soon it picks up language, and it is then brought into direct communication with adults. From this point on, it is usually downhill all the way for mathematics, because the child now becomes exposed to
26、all the nonsense words and beliefs of the community into which it has been so unfortunate as to have been born. Nature, having done very well by the child to this point, having permitted it the luxury of thinking for itself for eighteen months, now abandons it to the arbitrary conventions and belief
27、s of society. But at least the child knows something of geometry and numbers; and it will always retain some memory of the early halcyon days, no matter what vicissitudes it may suffer later on. The main reservoir of mathematical talent in any society is thus possessed by children who are about two
28、years old, children who have just learned to speak fluently. 40 What does the passage mainly discuss? （ A） The impact of language on mathematics （ B） Childrens ability to learn languages （ C） How basic concepts of physics are learned （ D） Math-learning strategies for babies 41 According to the passa
29、ge, which of the following activities would teach a baby about geometry? （ A） Picking up a wooden block （ B） Recognizing the number （ C） Uttering a nonsense word （ D） Looking at distant object 42 According to the author, at what age does a child probably begin to learn about sets and numbers? （ A） S
30、ix months （ B） Nine months （ C） Fifteen months （ D） Eighteen months 43 Which of the following conclusions is true according to the author? （ A） The language concepts used in early education interfere with mathematical reasoning. （ B） It is hopeless to try to teach children mathematics after the age
31、of two. （ C） Language teaching should incorporate some mathematical formulas. （ D） Preschool education should stress societys beliefs and conventions. 43 Notable as important nineteenth-century novels by women, Mary Shelleys Frankenstein and Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights treat women very different
32、ly. Shelley produced a “masculine“ text in which the fates of subordinate female characters seem entirely dependent on the actions of male heroes or anti-heroes. Bronte produced a more realistic narrative portraying a world where men battle for the favors of apparently high-spirited, independent wom
33、en. Nevertheless, these two novels are alike in several crucial ways. Many readers are convinced that the compelling mysteries of each plot conceal elaborate structures of allusion and fierce, though shadowy, moral ambitions that seem to indicate metaphysical intentions, though efforts by critics to
34、 articulate these intentions have generated much controversy. Both novelists use a storytelling method that emphasizes ironic disjunctions between different perspectives on the same events as well as ironic tensions that inhere in the relationship between surface drama and concealed authorial intent
35、ion, a method I call an evidentiary narrative technique. 44 The primary purpose of the passage is to _. （ A） defend a controversial interpretation of two novels （ B） explain the source of widely recognized responses to two novels （ C） delineate broad differences between two novels （ D） compare and c
36、ontrast two novels 45 According to the passage, Frankenstein differs from Wuthering Heights in its _. （ A） method of disguising the authors real purposes （ B） controversial effect on readers （ C） portrayal of men as determiners of the novels action （ D） use of multiple narrators 46 Which of the foll
37、owing narrative strategies best exemplifies the “evidentiary narrative technique“ mentioned in the last line? （ A） Telling a story from the authors point of view in a way that implies both the authors and the readers ironic distance from the dramatic unfolding of events （ B） Telling a story as a mys
38、tery in which the reader must deduce, from the conflicting evidence presented by several narrators, the moral and philosophical significance of character and event （ C） Telling a story in a way that both directs attention to the incongruities among the points of view of several characters and hints
39、that the plot has a significance other than that suggested by its mere events （ D） Telling a story in such a way that the authors real intentions are discernible only through interpretations of allusions to world outside that of the story 47 According to the passage, the plot of Wuthering Heights an
40、d Frankenstein are notable for their elements of _. （ A） morality and metaphysics （ B） drama and secrecy （ C） heroism and tension （ D） mystery and irony 47 A mysterious phenomenon is the ability of over-water migrants to travel on course. Birds, bees, and other species can keep track of time without
41、 any sensory cues from the outside world, and such “biological clocks“ clearly contribute to their “compass sense.“ For example, they can use the position of the Sun or stars, along with the time of day, to find north. But compass sense alone cannot explain how birds navigate the ocean: after a floc
42、k traveling east is blown far south by a storm, it will assume the proper northeasterly course to compensate. Perhaps, some scientists thought, migrants determine their geographic position on the Earth by celestial navigation, almost as human navigators use stars and planets, but this would demand o
43、f the animals a fantastic map sense. Researchers now know that some species have a magnetic sense, which might allow migrants to determine their geographic location by detecting variations in the strength of the Earths magnetic field. 48 The main idea of the passage is that _. （ A） migration over la
44、nd requires a simpler explanation than migration over water does （ B） the means by which animals migrate over water are complex and only partly understood （ C） the ability of migrant animals to keep track of time is related to their magnetic sense （ D） knowledge of geographic location is essential t
45、o migrants with little or no compass sense 49 It can be inferred from the passage that if the flock of birds described in the passage were navigating by compass sense alone, they would, after the storm, fly _. （ A） east （ B） north （ C） northwest （ D） south 50 In maintaining that migrating animals wo
46、uld need “a fantastic map sense“ to determine their geographic position by celestial navigation, the author intends to express _. （ A） admiration for the ability of the migrants （ B） skepticism about celestial navigation as an explanation （ C） certainty that the phenomenon of migration will remain m
47、ysterious （ D） interest in a new method of accounting for over-water migration 51 Of the following descriptions of migrating animals, which most strongly suggests that the animals are depending on magnetic cues to orient themselves? （ A） Pigeons can properly read just their course even when flying l
48、ong distances through exceedingly dense fogs. （ B） Bison are able to reach their destination by passing through a landscape that has been partially altered by a recent fire. （ C） Elephants are able to find grounds that some members of the herd have never seen before. （ D） Swallows are able to return
49、 to a given spot at the same time every year. 51 Some modern anthropologists hold that biological evolution has shaped not only human morphology but also human behavior. The role those anthropologists ascribe to evolution is not of dictating the details of human behavior but one of imposing constraints-ways of feeling, thinking, and acting that “come naturally“ in archetypal situations in any culture. Our “frailties“ -emotions and motives such as rage, fear, greed, glu
