1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 597 及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Long Holidays. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 长假给大学生带来的好处 2. 长假可能给大学生带的问题 3. 我应当怎样利用好长假 Long Holidays 二、 Part II
2、Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (fo
3、r NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Dieting Dieting is one of those things that is completely integrated into American culture. On any given day, a huge portion of the U.S. population is “on a d
4、iet“ and “counting calories“ in one way or another. Your Bodys Efficiency Have you ever wondered why, for so many people, weight gain seems to be a fact of life? Its because the human body is way too efficient! It just does not take that much energy to maintain the human body at rest; and when exerc
5、ising, the human body is amazingly frugal when it comes to turning food into motion. At rest, the human body burns only about 12 calories per pound of body weight per day(26 calories per kilogram). That means that if you weigh 150 pounds(68 kg), your body uses only about: 150 X 12 = 1,800 calories p
6、er day Twelve calories per pound per day is a rough estimate. Those 1,800 calories are used to do everything you need to stay alive: They keep your heart beating and lungs breathing. They keep your internal organs operating properly. They keep your brain running. They keep your body warm. In motion,
7、 the human body also uses energy very efficiently. For example, a person running a marathon(26 miles or 42 km)burns only about 2,60Ocalories. In other words, you burn only about 100 calories per mile(about 62 calories per km)when you are running. Taking Calories In The 1,800 calories that a typical
8、person at rest needs per day is just not that many. Convenient food often takes the lead in our daily diets. In a typical day someone might consume some thing like this: You might have two Pop-Tarts(r)for breakfast, then hit Pizza Hut for lunch, grab some Snack Wells and a cola for a snack, head for
9、 McDonalds for dinner and top it off with some potato chips while watching TV. You can see how the number of calories coming in can easily reach 3,000, 4,000 or 5,000 per day without any effort at all. Thats the problem. Your body, it turns out, is extremely efficient at capturing and storing excess
10、 calories. Whenever your body finds that it has excess calories on hand, it converts them to fat and saves them for a rainy day. It only takes 3,500 excess calories to create 1 pound of new fat on your body. The Idea Behind Dieting To lose I pound of fat, what you have to do is burn off 3,500 calori
11、es. That is, over a period of time, you have to consume 3,500 calories less than your body needs. There are several ways you can Create that deficit. If you assume that you weigh 150 pounds and that your body at rest needs 1,800 calories per day(150 12 = 1,800)to live. The only way to lose fat is to
12、 consume fewer calories per day than your body needs. For every 3,500 calories that your body takes from its fat reserves, you lose i pound(0.45 kg)of body fat. You can create the deficit either by monitoring and restricting your intake of calories, or by exercising, or both. The idea behind most di
13、et is simply to help you somehow lower the number of calories that you consume each day. Thats all they do. Why Diets Tend Not to Work The reason why most diets tend not to work for very long is because they are not sustain able. A person gains weight because he or she consumes more calories per day
14、 than needed. The diet creates a temporary deficit. When the diet ends, the person goes back to normal eating and the weight comes back. What is needed instead is a sustainable diet m a food consumption and exercise plan - that lets you live a normal life and eat normal foods in a normal way. Buildi
15、ng a Sustainable Diet Building a. sustainable diet and exercise plan is the key to maintaining a consistent weight. This is not easy for many people. As described in the previous sections, the landscape is literally covered with calories, and exercise takes time and energy, Calorie Counter The first
16、 step to building a sustainable diet is to start counting the calories that you consume in a day so that you become conscious of two things: You need to understand exactly how many calories you are eating on a “normal“ day. You need to realize where each calorie comes from - you need to build a calo
17、rie data base in your brain so that you know, whenever you eat something, just how many calories it is supplying. The second step is to figure out how many calories you need in a day. You can use the “12 calories per pound“ rule. Pick your “ideal weight“ - the weight that you would like to maintain
18、Then calculate how many calories a day you can consume to maintain that weight. The third step is to compare the two numbers-You may be startled by the difference between the “number of calories you need“ and “the number of calories that you take in“ in a day. The fourth step is to figure out how to
19、 bring the two numbers in line. You have to watch and count everything you eat and drink every day and stick to your daily limit. The fifth step might be to add exercise to the mix so that you can raise the number of calories you can consume per day. Burning 250 or 500 calories per day through exerc
20、ise can make a big difference. Cutting Calories In an effort to reduce the number of calories you take in per day, here are several strategies that you might find effective: Be conscious of every calorie you consume, and keep a daily journal. Stick an index card in your pocket each day and write dow
21、n everything you eat and drink. Eliminate all calories that come in through drinking. In other words, drink water. Eliminate white sugar. Similarly, try eliminating all fried foods. Try to replace high-density foods with low-density foods. Try wearing form-fitting clothes instead of sweats. The tigh
22、t clothing acts as a subliminal(下意识的 )reminder of what you are trying to accomplish. If you follow these guidelines and, through diet and exercise, keep the number of calories you consume below the number of calories needed, you will lose fat and maintain a consistent weight. Fitting in Exercise Exe
23、rcise is one tool you have to control your weight because exercise is a way to increase the number of calories that you burn in a day. One way to make the most of exercise is to integrate some form of exercise into your daily routine. Here are several examples: Try to find some type of exercise that
24、 you enjoy(or at least can tolerate)and do it every day for 30 minutes, 60 minutes or more. Try to fit micro-exercises into your daily life. Put a set of weights at your desk and use them three or four times during the day, as you think or talk on the phone. Find an exercise partner. Try to exercise
25、 every day. 2 The passage is mainly about how to lose fat and maintain a consistent weight. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 Many people gain weight due to the fact that the human body is too efficient. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 If you take in just 3,00 extra calories, then you will gain a pound of fat. （ A） Y
26、 （ B） N （ C） NG 5 The majority of diets often have a lasting effect on people as they are sustainable. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 It is not very easy to lose weight as the psychology of food and eating is very powerful. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 With a view to cutting calories, you should refuse both the
27、 potato chips and fried chicken. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 If you burn just 20 calories per day through exercise, it cannot have an important effect on your weight. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 _ per day than your body needs is the only way to lose fat. 10 If you want to maintain a consistent weight, you m
28、ust make _. 11 You can make the best of exercise by integrating some form of exercise into _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conver
29、sation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） Sue is a quiet girl now. （ B） Sue becomes quite talkative. （ C） Sue has been talkative all th
30、e time. （ D） Sue is used to being talkative. （ A） She has no time to make new friends. （ B） She doesnt like her new school. （ C） She has adapted easily to her new school. （ D） She feels lonely now. （ A） He did a good job in mathematics. （ B） Mathematics made him a smart person. （ C） He majored in bi
31、ology in college. （ D） He didnt like mathematics at all. （ A） He didnt work hard in school. （ B） He took a part-time job in school. （ C） He had always been serious about study. （ D） He had no interest in social work. （ A） He is sure the new chef is better. （ B） He wonders whether the new chef is an
32、improvement. （ C） He hopes the new chef will stay longer than the old one did. （ D） Hes going to see the new chef tonight. （ A） They have arrived late. （ B） They are uncertain about the weather. （ C） She disagrees with the man. （ D） She didnt think the man was ever late. （ A） He is afraid of deep wa
33、ter. （ B） He has heart trouble. （ C） He is too busy. （ D） He has leg trouble. （ A） He does not think so. （ B） He wants the woman to repeat what she said. （ C） He agrees with the woman. （ D） The best singer is coming to the campus. （ A） On television. （ B） At registration. （ C） In class. （ D） At work
34、. （ A） Students are not required to attend regular class lectures. （ B） The professor videotapes class lectures for review. （ C） Classes are held at various locations throughout the area. （ D） Students receive credit for work experience. （ A） It allows them to meet students from other universities.
35、（ B） It promotes the concept of self-learning. （ C） It allows more flexibility in students schedules. （ D） It doesnt require any examinations. （ A） In a library. （ B） In a school. （ C） In a bookstore. （ D） In a publishers office. （ A） Travel. （ B） Mystery. （ C） History. （ D） Poetry. （ A） She has a c
36、opy of one of his books. （ B） He gave gifts to millions of people. （ C） He was a very wealthy man in his time. （ D） Sample of his writing is worth a lot of money. （ A） Do some research. （ B） Sell some of her books. （ C） Talk to some politicians. （ D） Sign her name in the book. Section B Directions:
37、In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Human personality （ B） H
38、is conscious theory （ C） His free will （ D） Personality theory （ A） He was joking with Freud. （ B） He played in Freuds office. （ C） He unconsciously revealed his intention of refusing to pay. （ D） He only made his empty promise to Freud. （ A） Money （ B） Jewish independence （ C） University setting （
39、D） Theory （ A） 85 （ B） 100 （ C） 110 （ D） 125 （ A） can be predicted at birth （ B） stays the same throughout his life （ C） can be increased by education （ D） is determined by his childhood （ A） human brains differ considerably （ B） the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intell
40、igence （ C） environment is crucial in determining a persons intelligence （ D） persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence （ A） $8.80 （ B） $0.88 （ C） $10 （ D） $5 （ A） They can be used normally to mail a letter. （ B） They can only be used for exhibition. （ C） They are used
41、to attract more tourists. （ D） They are used to post on famous buildings. （ A） Because the Japanese like taking photographs. （ B） Because the Japanese like writing letters to each other. （ C） Because the Japanese postal officials want to print a special stamp to catch worldwide attention. （ D） Becau
42、se the Japanese postal officials hope these stamps will help promote interests in letter writing. （ A） 1992 （ B） 1995 （ C） 1999 （ D） 2001 Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its gener
43、al idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words y
44、ou have just heard or write down the 36 Manmade fibers have only been used to make【 B1】 _for a little over a century, but their use is quite【 B2】 _nowadays. Rayon, the first manmade fiber commercially produced in the United States, appeared in 1910. In 1939, nylon, the first chemically【 B3】 _fiber,
45、was first produced in this country on a commerical basis. Ever since, the number of manmade fibers has【 B4】 _into including more than 20 types. Although the【 B5】 _of manmade clothing fibers is long, rayon remains one of the most popular of all time, and that is why we continue to produce it in such
46、great【 B6】 _. Rayon is made of cellulose, a naturally occurring【 B7】 _found in cotton and in certain vegetables, like celery, of all things. The cellulose in rayon has been recycled and treated to make it a useful fiber for clothing. 【 B8】 _. Most rayon washes well, too, although it does shrink when
47、 it is washed in hot water. 【 B9】 _. It wouldnt be a good idea to leave a red rayon dress to dry by a sunny window. If you did that for very long,【 B10】 _. If youll just step this way. Id like to【 B11】 _. 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【
48、 B11】 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 47 As the U.S. finds itself increasingly interwinded with its glo
49、bal partners, keeping alive its commitment to free trade will prove crucial to future expansion. The world owes much of its current prosperity to postwar efforts aimed at dismantling commercial barriers; over the last five years, international trade has led to economic growth, climbing at an average rate of 6.4 percent, compared with a 3.1 percent in world production and consumption. But efforts to open markets further have slowed as many countries have moved t
