1、大学英语四级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 200及答案与解析 Section A 0 For some educators, there is nothing wrong with fun and games. A group called the Education Arcade recently held a conference in Los Angeles to discuss the future of【 C1】 _games. The Education Arcade brings together international game designers, publishers, t
2、eachers and policymakers. They say they want to lead【 C2】_in the way the world learns through computer and video games. The【 C3】 _was part of E-three, the Electronic Entertainment Exposition. This is a yearly trade【 C4】 _where companies show off new games and educational products. The Education Arca
3、de started at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, near Boston. Professors worked with the Microsoft company to create what they called the Games-to-Teach Project. The group began to【 C5】 _ways to use technology in teaching and learning. They worked with game designers to develop ideas about h
4、ow【 C6】 _and science could mix with game playing. The Education Arcade is the research part of this Games-to-Teach Project. The group recently announced that a “Games for learning“ statement will be【 C7】_on some products. This should begin to appear in American stores in about six months. The【 C8】 _
5、is to help people find games that are fun but will also teach. The Education Arcade says it also wants to get businesses to produce more games that teach. Companies have been creating systems like hand-held educational【 C9】 _made by LeapFrog. And new educational role-playing games are being develope
6、d. M.I.T. and the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation in Virginia are developing a game called “Revolution.“ Players will get to experience the American Revolution【 C10】 _. A placed B. mathematics C. primarily D. goal E. occurrences F. show G. explore H. estimated I. radical J. educational K. change L.
7、 online M. devices N. conference O. inherit 1 【 C1】 2 【 C2】 3 【 C3】 4 【 C4】 5 【 C5】 6 【 C6】 7 【 C7】 8 【 C8】 9 【 C9】 10 【 C10】 Section B 10 Things You Cant Say in Canada A)Attacking our sacred cows(things or people that cannot be criticized)may turn you into one looked down upon by all others but it
8、can also be a lot of fun. Every culture has its unacknowledged taboos the things you are forbidden to say or do in polite company, the accepted truths you are not allowed to doubt. You might think that a liberal, open-minded country like Canada would be free of such taboos, but youd be wrong. In spi
9、te of our belief in our own civilized tolerance, some things are simply not open to debate. If you try, youre bound to shock the neighbors. B)Its risky to question the wisdom of the tribe. You might get stoned. On the other hand, some people might walk secretly up to you afterwards and tell you that
10、 they secretly agree. So heres a challenge to a few of our nations most widely held beliefs. You say these things in public at your own danger. I will be elaborating on these points over the months to come. Feel free to stone me or secretly agree or, even better, add to the list. At the very least,
11、theyre sure to start a good dinner-party fight. C)Margaret Atwood writes some really awful books. The queen of Canadian Literature dominates the literary world like a giant Nobody has won more awards than she has, and nobody is more feared. There is no such a thing as a bad review of a Margaret Atwo
12、od book in Canada. Thats too bad, because many of her books are tedious and unreadable, full of unpleasant characters and plot filled with torture. Why will no one say so? Because were grateful that she has put us on the global map. And because if they do, theyll never work in this country again. D)
13、Recycling is a waste of time and money. Once upon a time it was easy to put out the trash. Today, the Garbage Gestapo rules our lives. Every household has become a mini version of the village dump, and every one of us has become a garbage picker, carefully separating our organic waste from our bottl
14、es and papers, and worrying about where our different kinds of garbage are supposed to go. Dont try to sort a wine bottle into the wrong bag! The trash police will punish you. The truth about recycling is that its a giant waste of dollars and doesnt help the environment. But dont tell your kids. The
15、y wont believe you. Theyve been brainwashed. E)Only private enterprise can save public health care. Tommy Douglas, the CBCs Greatest Canadian, brought us universal health care. But even his plan didnt originally pay for everybodys minor diseases, such as ingrown toenails. His primary goal was to mak
16、e sure nobody faced financial ruin if they got sick. Today we have a system where controlling costs is more important than treating patients, and where ideology is disabling us. In some places, including Toronto, people go blind waiting for cataract(白内障 )surgery. The government could restore their s
17、ight tomorrow simply by sending them to a private clinic instead of to a hospital. The cost to the government would be exactly the same. But in Canada, “private“ is a dirty word, and so the government would rather you go blind. Poor Tommy would be spinning in his grave. F)David Suzuki is bad for the
18、 environment. From global warming to farmed salmon and genetically modified crops, David Suzuki has just one message: The end is near. He is our homegrown prophet of doom, who can predict what will happen in the future. He advocates the essential wickedness of the human race. Like a modern Savonarol
19、a, he warns that unless we cast our material possessions into the bonfire, were all going to hell. The trouble with this predicting vision is that people are starting to isolate from the environment. And our hugely expensive investment in the unworkable Kyoto treaty, which Mr. Suzuki tells us doesnt
20、 go nearly far enough, will wipe out more practical measures to cut smog and clean up our waste sites. G)A national daycare program wont do a thing to help poor kids. Cheap national daycare! Who could be against it? Its supposed to give kids a better start in life, and nobody can object to that. But
21、 in Quebec, where the program started, universal daycare has turned out to be nothing more than a giant(and extremely costly)subsidy for relatively well-off middle-class parents. Few poor parents use the system. No doubt convenient daycare is a gift sent by god for many people. But so far there is n
22、o definitive evidence that kids who go to daycare go on to do better in school or in life. So if we want to invest billions in helping kids, why are we spending it on the kids who need help the least? H)Group of Seven artists are overexposed genre(类型 )painters. I like A.Y. Jackson as much as you do.
23、 His paintings remind me of when I went to summer camp. I grew up with a reproduction of The West Wind hanging in our living room.(That was by Tom Thomson, who wasnt really a member of Group of Seven, but never mind.)Group of Seven were the first artists to depict the wild Canadian landscape, and th
24、ey were bold young rebels in their time. But that time was 80 years ago. Today their work is the essence of bourgeois picture-postcard art the kind of art its safe to take your mother to see. Enough, already. Maybe its time we moved on. I)The United States is the greatest force for ever the world ha
25、s ever known. Of all the shocking things you can say around the dinner table, this is the most shocking one. After all, America-criticizing is part of our national identity. At best, we see our neighbor as a well-intentioned but arrogant and wrong-doing bully(欺负弱小者 )that throws its weight around too
26、 much. At worst, we see our neighbor as one of the most evil nations in the world. And yet, right now, hundreds of millions of people in desperately poor parts of the world are being liberated from millennia of suffering and serfdom. Why? Because of the United States, which has spread its idea of ec
27、onomic freedom and its purchasing power around the world. 11 David Suzuki believes that “the end is near“, and he is regarded as a local prophet of doom. 12 In Quebec, the national daycare system is seldom used by poor parents. 13 Thanks to the United States, desperately poor parts of the world are
28、being liberated from millennia of suffering and serfdom. 14 Margaret Atwood has been regarded as the queen of Canadian Literature. 15 Criticizing the United States is the Canadas national identity. 16 Almost everyone in Canada becomes a garbage picker and carefully sorts out different kinds of garba
29、ge. 17 The Kyoto treaty was aimed at solving pollution problems. 18 Canada is a country that is liberal and open-minded. 19 As “private“ is regarded as a dirty word, the government isnt willing to send patients to a private clinic. 20 Group of Seven were the first artists to depict the wild Canadian
30、 landscape. Section C 20 In America alone, tipping is now a $16 billion-a-year industry. Consumers acting rationally ought not to pay more than they have to for a given service. So why do they? The conventional wisdom is that tips both reward the efforts of good service and reduce uncomfortable feel
31、ings of inequality. The better the service, the bigger the tip. A paper analyzing data from 2,547 groups dining at 20 different restaurants shows that the relationship between larger tips and better service was very weak. Customers who rated a meal as “excellent“ still tipped anywhere between 8% and
32、 37% of the meal price. Tipping is better explained by culture than by economics. In America, the custom has become established; it is regarded as part of the accepted cost of a service. In a New York restaurant, failing to tip at least 15% could well mean abuse from the waiter. Hairdressers can exp
33、ect to get 15-20%, the man who delivers your groceries $2. In Europe, tipping is less common; in many restaurants, free tipping is being replaced by a standard service charge. In many Asian countries, tipping has never really caught on at all. How to account for these national differences? Look no f
34、urther than psychology. According to Michael Lynn, the Cornell papers co-author, countries in which people are more outgoing, sociable or neurotic(神经质的 )tend to tip more. Tipping relieves anxiety about being served by strangers. “And,“ says Mr. Lynn, “in America, where people are outgoing and expres
35、sive, tipping is about social approval. If you tip badly, people think less of you. Tipping well is a chance to show off.“ Icelanders, by contrast, do not usually tip a measure of their introversion(内向 )and lack of neuroses, no doubt. While such explanations may be crude, the hard truth seems to be
36、that tipping does not work. It does not benefit the customer. Nor, in the case of restaurants, does it actually encourage the waiter, or help the restaurant manager to monitor and assess his staff. The cry of mean tippers that service people should “just be paid a decent wage“ may actually make econ
37、omic sense. 21 From the passage we can understand that Americans _. （ A） are reluctant to give tips, but they still do so （ B） like to give tips to service people to help them financially （ C） are willing to give tips because they love the practice （ D） are giving fewer and fewer tips 22 We can lear
38、n from the third paragraph that _. （ A） tips are voluntary in America （ B） tipping is rare in many Asian countries （ C） people dont tip in Europe （ D） tipping is now popular in Iceland 23 Based on Michael Lynns theory, which of the following is true? （ A） Nervous people do not usually tip. （ B） Amer
39、ican people are anxious. （ C） Icelanders dont like to show off. （ D） People will ignore you if you tip badly. 24 Michael Lynn is most probably _. （ A） an economist （ B） a writer （ C） a psychologist （ D） a sociologist 25 What does the author think about the relationship between service and tip? （ A）
40、Bigger tips bring about better service. （ B） Good service should be rewarded with tips. （ C） Tips are effective in improving service. （ D） Tips cannot help prompt better service. 25 Its 10 pm. You may not know where your child is, but the chip does. The chip will also know if your child has fallen a
41、nd needs immediate help. Once doctors arrive, the chip will also be able to tell them which drugs are not suitable for little Johnny or Janie. At the hospital, the chip will tell doctors his or her complete medical history. And of course, when you arrive to pick up your child, settling the hospital
42、bill with your health insurance policy will be a simple matter of waving your own chip the one embedded in your hand. To some, this may sound unbelievable. But the technology for such chips is no longer the stuff of science fiction. And it may soon offer many other benefits besides locating lost chi
43、ldren or elderly patients. It could be used as credit cards and people wont have to carry wallets anymore. On the other hand, some are already wondering what this sort of technology may do to the sense of personal privacy and liberty. “Any technology of this kind could result in abuse of personal pr
44、ivacy,“ says Lee Tien, senior staff attorney for the Electronic Frontier Foundation. “If a kid can be tracked, do you want other people to be able to track your kid? Its a double-edged sword.“ Applied Digital Solutions, Inc. in Palm Beach, Florida, says it has recently applied to the Food and Drug A
45、dministration for permission to begin testing its device in humans. About the size of a grain of rice, the microchip can be encoded(编码 )with bits of information and embedded in humans under a layer of skin. When scanned by a nearby reader, the embedded chip gives the data. Most embedded chip designs
46、 are so-called passive chips, which give information only when scanned by a nearby reader. But active chips such as the proposed Digital Angel of the future will give out information all the time. And that means designers will have to develop some sort of power source that can provide a continuous s
47、ource of energy, yet be small enough to be embedded with the chips. In addition to technical problems, many suspect that all sorts of legal and privacy issues would have to be cleared as well. 26 By using the example in the first two paragraphs, the author wants to tell us that _. （ A） chips are usu
48、ally used to locate lost children （ B） chips are more convenient than credit cards （ C） chips will soon be useful in many aspects of daily lives （ D） chips will bring out the issue of abuse of personal privacy 27 What is the attitude of Lee Tien towards the chips? （ A） Negative. （ B） Indifferent （ C
49、） Arbitrary. （ D） Cautious. 28 One of the features of the device considered by Applied Digital Solutions is _. （ A） duration （ B） capacity （ C） safety （ D） purpose 29 Which of the following statements about Digital Angel is NOT true? （ A） Digital Angel will include at least a chip and a power source. （ B） Digital Angel will soon be produced and replace passive chips. （ C） Digital Angel will be embedded in humans under a layer of skin. （ D） Digital Angel will give informati
