1、大学英语四级改革适用（听力）模拟试卷 269及答案与解析 Section A （ A） Their health becomes worse. （ B） They dont fight as hard as before. （ C） They wont get the benefit of pension. （ D） They receive less education. （ A） In the late 1970s. （ B） In the early 1970s. （ C） During World War . （ D） In the late 1960s. （ A） Nobody wa
2、s injured in it. （ B） It was caused by an error. （ C） It killed 27 miners. （ D） It affected national electricity supply. （ A） Extraordinary expansion of mine companies. （ B） The laws requiring federal mine inspections. （ C） The decline of coal supply in the world. （ D） An accident causing thousands
3、of death. （ A） An express company that delivers food. （ B） A meal replacement diet （ C） A report on fast weight-loss diet category. （ D） An annual ranking of best diet plans. （ A） The food is made by medical workers. （ B） The food is healthier than made-at-home meal. （ C） The food is delivered to di
4、eters directly. （ D） Dieters can order a variety of food. （ A） It is tough to achieve. （ B） It may change our lifestyle. （ C） It is unhealthy and unsustainable. （ D） It can lead to future diseases. Section B （ A） The relationship between farmers, Ward and Sears. （ B） The development of the catalog s
5、ales business. （ C） The relationship between the catalog and textbooks. （ D） The story of a Chicago retailer. （ A） Because he wanted to beat Ward. （ B） Because he wanted to help his brother Ward. （ C） Because he thought this business was profitable. （ D） Because he enjoyed competition in this busine
6、ss. （ A） Farmers. （ B） City people. （ C） Business people. （ D） Students. （ A） It helped students with spelling and adding. （ B） It helped students become familiar with a variety of goods. （ C） Students might order things from the catalog. （ D） Schools were short of textbooks at that time. （ A） The c
7、ommentator made it very dull. （ B） The game was exciting. （ C） It was between the Gunners and the Wolves. （ D） It was won by the Wolves. （ A） 1 goal. （ B） 2 goals. （ C） 3 goals. （ D） 5 goals. （ A） How they play in the next match. （ B） How they shape after Christmas. （ C） How they get over the diffic
8、ulty. （ D） How they explain to the public. （ A） A team member called Blake was injured. （ B） Christmas was coming. （ C） They cant score many goals. （ D） They still have some influence from Blake. Section C （ A） The uniqueness of Japanese art. （ B） Some features of Japanese culture. （ C） Characterist
9、ics of Japanese artists. （ D） The art of Japanese brush painting. （ A） To calm themselves down. （ B） To signal lack of interest. （ C） To show their impatience. （ D） To enhance concentration. （ A） How listeners in different cultures show respect. （ B） How speakers can win approval from the audience.
10、（ C） How speakers can misunderstand the audience. （ D） How different Western and Eastern art forms are. （ A） Interviewing and recruiting employees. （ B） Directing personnel evaluation. （ C） Buying and maintaining equipment. （ D） Drawing up plans for in-service training. （ A） Two of his workers were
11、injured at work. （ B） Two of his employees committed theft. （ C） Some of his equipment was damaged in a fire. （ D） The training program he ran was a failure. （ A） Advancement to a higher position. （ B） A better relationship with his boss. （ C） A better-paying job in another company. （ D） Improvement
12、 in the companys management. （ A） She has more self-confidence than Chris. （ B） She works with Chris in the same division. （ C） She is competing with Chris for the new job. （ D） She has more management experience than Chris. （ A） They guide us in handling human relationships. （ B） They help us see t
13、he important values of a culture. （ C） They help us express ourselves more effectively. （ D） They are an infinite source of human knowledge. （ A） They may be misinterpreted occasionally. （ B） Their wording may become different. （ C） Their origins can no longer be traced. （ D） The values they reflect
14、 may change. （ A） Old proverbs are constantly replaced by new ones. （ B） Some proverbs are assuming more and more importance. （ C） Certain values have always been central to a culture. （ D） Certain values are shared by a large number of cultures. 大学英语四级改革适用（听力）模拟试卷 269答案与解析 Section A 1 【听力原文】 The nu
15、mber of Americans over the age of 65 is expected to double between now and 2030. This next generation of retirees will be the healthiest, best educated, and most wealthy in American history.(1)But many of them wont have a retirement benefit their parents generation fought hard to get. It is somethin
16、g known as a defined-benefit plan, or “pension“. Retired workers who have a pension continue to be paid a certain percentage of their highest annual salary usually anywhere from one to three percent multiplied by the number of years they worked for the company.(2)Pensions first became popular during
17、 World War n, when a federally-approved wage-freeze meant unions had to negotiate for retirement benefits, instead of pay increases. Pensions reached the height of their popularity in the late 1970s, when more than 60 percent of Americans had one. 1. What problem does the next generation of retirees
18、 have? 2. When did pensions reach the height of their popularity? 1 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 新闻提到， 下一代的退休人员失去了一项退休福利 (wont have a retirement benefit)，这项 “福利计划 ”(defined-benefit plan)也就是 “养老金 ”(pension)， C“他们得不到养老金的福利 ”与新闻内容相符。新闻中有提到这批退休人员将是美国有史以来最健康、教育程度最高、最富有的，据此可排除 A、D。 B利用新闻中的 fought hard作干扰，新闻是说这个 pensio
19、n的制度是上一辈人努力争取出来的结果，并没有说 “下一代退休人员不努力 ”。 【知识模块】 听力 2 【正 确答案】 A 【试题解析】 新闻提到，养老金制度在第二次世界大战时开始流行，到了 20世纪 70年代末达到流行高峰 (reached the height of their popularity in the late 1970s。故答案为 A。 【知识模块】 听力 3 【听力原文】 U.S. government health and safely officials are investigating the cause of the recent explosion at a We
20、st Virginia coal mine, which killed 12 miners. (3)The accident was apparently an error in an industry which has prided itself on miner safety at a time of extraordinary expansion. Mine companies operate in 27 states, from West Virginia in the east to Montana in the west, producing a total of about o
21、ne billion tons a year, or more than a third of the worlds coal supply. The U.S. economy is dependent on coal production. Coal-fired power plants generate about 50 percent of the nations electricity. More than half the nations coal is mined underground by thousands of men and women who daily risk in
22、jury and death.(4)But the occupation has become much safer since the late 1960s, when the U.S. Congress passed laws requiring federal mine inspections. 3. What do we learn about the recent explosion at a coal mine? 4. What made the mining industry safer in the late 1960s? 3 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 新闻开篇就提到，美
23、国政府健康与安全局的官员正在调查一起煤矿爆炸的原因，之后说这明显是一起 “错误 ”(error)，故 B正确。新闻中并没有提到是否有人受伤， A无法得知。事故中有 12人遇难，而不是 27人， 27是煤矿公司覆盖的州。 D利用新闻中的 nations electricity作干扰， D所说 “影响到全国的电力供应 ”没有在新闻中提到。 【知识模块】 听力 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 新闻提到，当美国国会通过法律要求联邦政府进行煤矿安全检查后(passed laws requiring federal mine inspections)，媒矿安全从 60年代末开始已有好转。故 B正确。
24、A中的 Extraordinary expansion有在新闻中提到，但煤矿公司的扩张不是发生在 20世纪 60年代末，也与挖煤产业变得更安全无关。新闻中只提到美国生产全球三分之一的煤，没有提到 C所说的 “煤产量下降 ”。 D“一次造成数千人死亡的意外 ”没有在新闻中提到，只是拼凑了新闻中的 thousands of和death。 【知识模块】 听力 5 【听力原文】 When it comes to dieting, losing weight fast holds some appeal. Maybe thats why U.S. News & World Report has adde
25、d a Fast Weight-Loss Diet category to its annual rankings of best diet plans. And one of the diets that comes out on top is the Health Management Resources (HMR) program. (5)HMR is a meal replacement diet that can be done on your own at home or under medical supervision. Instead of made-at-home meal
26、s, dieters can order low-calorie milk, soups, nutrition bars and multigrain cereal. The U.S. News reviewers say(6)the plus side to the HMR diet is its quick-start option and the convenience of having meals delivered to you. The down side is “the milk lacks variety,“ and its tough to eat out while on
27、 this diet. (7) “A common misunderstanding is that losing weight quickly is not healthy, not sustainable, and will just lead to future weight re-gain,“ wrote Carol Addy, the chief medical officer at HMR, in a release. But she says, to the contrary, “numerous studies demonstrate that following a life
28、style change program which promotes fast initial weight loss can result in better long-term success.“ 5. What is the HMR program? 6. What is the advantage of HMR program? 7. Whats the common misunderstanding about losing weight fast? 5 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 由新闻开头部分可知， HMR的全称是 Health Management Resources，在
29、美国新闻与世界报道的快速减肥膳食目录 (Fast Weight-Loss Diet category)中排名前列。之后又提到 HMR是一种 “替代正餐的膳食 ”(a meal replacement diet)，故确定 B为答案。 【知识模块】 听力 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 新闻中间部分提到 HMR program的利弊，新闻用的是 plus side“好 处 ”和 down side“坏处 ”，其中好处包括试用该项目很快捷 (quick-start option)，而且很方便，可以送到你上 (convenience of having meals delivered to you
30、)，故 C正确。新闻中有提到， HMR的膳食是在医疗指导下制作的 (under medical supervision)，并不是说直接由 “医护人员制作 ”， A曲解文意。新闻并没比较 HMR与家庭自做的菜哪个更健康， B排除。新闻中用 the milk lacks variety来表明食物品种不丰富， D所说与 此相反。 【知识模块】 听力 7 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 新闻末段提到，对快速减肥存在的误解是：它不健康，没有持续性(not healthy, not sustainable)，并且体重在将来会反弹 (lead to future weight re-gain)， C用了 h
31、ealthy和 sustainable的反义词 unhealthy和 unsustainable，和新闻意思一致，故为答案。 A“很难做到 ”未在新闻中提到。 B中的关键词 lifestyle change出现在新闻末尾，客观陈述该 计划改变生活方式，但这并非人们对快速减肥的误解。 D“可能会导致疾病 ”未在新闻中提到。 【知识模块】 听力 Section B 8 【听力原文】 W: What are you doing? M: (8)Im ordering some filing cabinets out of a catalog. W: What do you need them for?
32、 M: Theres so much stuff piling up in my dormitory room. If I dont do something soon, I wont be able to move in there. W: Do you usually order from a catalog? M: Sometimes. Why? W: Oh, its just in the history class today we were talking about how the catalog sales business first got started in the U
33、S. A Chicago retailer, Montgomery Ward started it in the late 1800s.(10)It was really popular among farmers. It was difficult for them to make it to the big city stores so they ordered from catalogs. M: Was Ward the only one in the business? W: At first,(9)but another person named Richard Sears star
34、ted his own catalog after he heard how much money Ward was making. M: What made them so popular? W: Farmers trusted Ward and Sears for one thing. They delivered the products the farmers paid for and even refunded the price of things the farmers werent satisfied with. The catalogs became so popular t
35、hat in some countries school teachers even used them as textbooks. M: (11)Textbooks? W: Yeah,(11)students practice spelling the names and adding up the prices of things in the catalogs. M: Was everybody that thrilled about it? W: Thats doubtful. Say they drove some small store owners out of business
36、. Sears and Ward sold stuff in such large quantities. They were able to undercut the prices at some small family owned stores. 8. What is the conversation mainly about? 9. Why did Richard Sears start his own business in catalog? 10. Who were the main customers of Sears and Wards business? 11. Why wa
37、s the catalog used as textbooks? 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 尽管四个选项在对话中都有提及，但 A、 C、 D只是对话的一部分，只有 B可以涵盖对话中的所有内容。长对话的主旨大意题，关键是听对话的第一个话轮 (对话双方各发言一次叫一个话轮 )。由 order， catalog两个关键词即可推出答案是 B。尽管 C中也有 catalog，但它提到 textbook，没有涵盖原文主要内容，而只是其中一个细节。 【知识模块】 听力 9 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 对话中女士说到： “在得知 Ward赚了多少钱以后，另一个名叫Richard Sears的人也
38、开展自己的邮购业务。 ”可见 Sears是为了赚大钱，所以选C。 “转折 but处出题 ”。没有理由听不懂 “how much money Ward was making”!profitable是 make money的同义替换。 【知识模块】 听力 10 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 女士说： “邮购业务很受农场主欢迎 ”，并说 “农场主们信赖 Ward和 Sears”。可知该业务的主要客户是农场主。本题较简单，对话中多次提到farmers。 【知识模块】 听力 11 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 男士很惊奇地问： “Textbooks?”下文女士给出了解释： “是啊，学生们用邮购表中事
39、物的名称练习拼写，用其中的价格练习加法运算。 ”所以选 A。适用 “听到什么选什么 ”的原则。 spelling与 adding两个词一定会很 “夺耳 ”! 【知识模块】 听力 12 【听力原文】 W: Did you go to the match on Saturday, Bill? M: No, Alice. I listened to the commentary instead. It sounded pretty exciting, I must say. W: You must be joking. Well, it was pretty dull really. M: How
40、did it go then?(12)I should have thought the Gunners did well to win over the Wolves in their present form. W: Yes, I suppose they did But two-one didnt do them justice.(13)They should have had at least three in the first half, and another two in the second. How far do you think the Wolves will go?
41、M: (14)I suppose it all depends on how they shape after Christmas. Remember what happened last year? W: Ill say I do. Im not likely to forget it. Ive never seen such a shame. To think they were in the top three for most of the time before Christmas, and then the way they came down. I just dont under
42、stand what came over them. I cant understand. M: I dont know, either. Can you really say that?(15)Because they were quite O.K. until Blake got injured, and then without his influence in the attack they just couldnt score goals any more. I think it was simply a matter of the attack being weakened. 12
43、. What is true of Saturdays match? 13. How many goals does Alice think the Gunners should have scored? 14. What decides the Wolves future according to the man? 15. What happened to the Wolves that made it come down? 12 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 对话中男士说： “我原本以 为 Gunners队打得不错，能以现在的状态打败 Wolves队。 ”因此该比赛是在 Gunners与
44、 Wolves两队之间进行的，选 C。A、 B貌似矛盾，实际语义是一致的。 C提供了两个专有名词，扫清了听力障碍。 【知识模块】 听力 13 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 女士说， “他们上半场至少该进 3球，下半场进 2球 ”，所以 Alice认为 Gunners队本应该进 5球，答案是 D。 【知识模块】 听力 14 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 女士问男士如何看待 Wolves队的走势，男士回答说他 认为全取决于圣诞节后的状态，本题符合 “长对话听到什么选什么 ”的原则，选 B。 【知识模块】 听力 15 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 对话最后男士说： “Blake受伤前他们还是很
45、棒的，但缺少了他在进攻方面的影响，他们就再也进不了球了。 ”由此可见，是 Blake受伤影响了球队。答案是 A。出题之处已有多重语义特征：女士连说两次 “我不明白 ”，男士对此表示赞同，并在反问 “真的能这么说吗 ?”之后用 because(重要的信号词 )说出理由。因此，一听到 Blake got injured即可马上得到 A。 【知识模块】 听力 Section C 16 【听力原文】 (16)While Gail Opp-Kemp, an American artist, was giving a speech on the art of Japanese brush painting
46、 to an audience that included visitors from Japan, she was confused to see that many of her Japanese listeners had their eyes closed. Were they tuned off because an American had the nerve to instruct Japanese in their own art form? Were they deliberately trying to signal their rejection of her? Opp-
47、Kemp later found out that her listeners were not being disrespectful. (17)Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes to enhance concentration. Her listeners were showing their respect for her by chewing on her words. Someday you may be either a speaker or a listener in a situation involving peopl
48、e from other countries or members of a minority group in North America. (18)Learning how different cultures signal respect can help you avoid misunderstandings. Here are some examples. In the Deaf culture of North America, many listeners show applause not by clapping their hands but by waving them i
49、n the air. In some cultures, both overseas and in some minority groups in North America, listeners are considered disrespectful if they look directly at the speaker. Respect is shown by looking in the general direction but avoiding direct eye contact. In some countries, whistling by listeners is a sign of approval while in other countries it is a form of insult. 16. What did Opp-Kemps speech focus on? 17. Why do Japanese listeners sometimes close their eyes while listening to a speech? 18. What does the speaker try to explain? 16 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 短
