1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 59及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled The Importance of Competition by commenting on the famous remark, “survival of the fittest.“ You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay
2、 on Answer Sheet 1. Section A （ A） Take her to another hike. （ B） Go hiking again next week. （ C） Plan another rally next week. （ D） Go to the rally when it takes place again. （ A） He is looking for a better employment in New York. （ B） Hes looking forward to working in New York. （ C） He hopes to wo
3、rk in the same place. （ D） He expects his company to move to New York. （ A） Seeing a doctor. （ B） Having the dinner. （ C） Giving a lecture. （ D） Studying in some place. （ A） The man will be punished for his lateness. （ B） Professor Lee is always punctual. （ C） The woman thinks that the man is playin
4、g a joke on her. （ D） The woman suggests the man give a watch to Professor Lee. （ A） Have a sound sleep right away. （ B） Try something less sweet. （ C） Visit the College Board. （ D） See the campus doctor. （ A） They are a bargain worth buying. （ B） They are of poor quality. （ C） They are available ev
5、erywhere. （ D） They are over priced. （ A） He decided not to sell the piano. （ B） He found a place to store the piano. （ C） No one has bought the piano. （ D） Hell post notices at local stores. （ A） It is going to be sunny with breeze. （ B） It is going to be cloudy with heavy wind. （ C） It is going to
6、 be hot, humid and gloomy. （ D） It is going to be very cold. （ A） It could not receive or make calls. （ B） It receives the signal but always cuts off halfway. （ C） It can make calls but the signal is not clear. （ D） It could only receive incoming calls. （ A） Damage to the equipment. （ B） The mans wr
7、ong operation. （ C） The line upgrading. （ D） It was unclear. （ A） He will buy another cell phone. （ B） He will complain again if the problem isnt settled. （ C） He will ask for a refund if the problem isnt solved. （ D） He will complain to the management. （ A） A way to join a bicycle race. （ B） Major
8、British bicycle races. （ C） The contribution of cycling to health. （ D） An annual cycling event. （ A） The length of the course. （ B） The route the cyclists take. （ C） The number of participants. （ D） The date when the tour is held. （ A） There is no rush. （ B） The winner becomes the king. （ C） Friend
9、ship first, competition second. （ D） Faster and stronger. （ A） Fruit. （ B） Water. （ C） Lunch. （ D） Repair services. Section B （ A） Postponement. （ B） Preparation. （ C） Confidence. （ D） Information. （ A） The day before presentation. （ B） Before youre given the assignment. （ C） Right after accepting t
10、he assignment. （ D） When youre already on the stage. （ A） It catches every audiences attention. （ B） It makes the audience daydreamers. （ C） It determines listeners understanding level. （ D） It helps the speakers to organize ideas. （ A） Relevant trading and financial background. （ B） Foreign languag
11、es and cross-cultural communication. （ C） The ability to persuade and compromise. （ D） Foreign language and eloquence. （ A） They are arrogant. （ B） They are reliable. （ C） They are impersonal. （ D） They are polite. （ A） Because American negotiators have no patience. （ B） Because American negotiators
12、 wouldnt compromise. （ C） Because foreign negotiators lack communicating skills. （ D） Because foreign negotiators like indirect interaction. （ A） It happened in the night. （ B） There was no survivor. （ C） A lorry collided with a coach. （ D） The collision was caused by fog. （ A） Workers long working
13、hours. （ B） Workers poor working conditions. （ C） The low rate of inflation. （ D） The high level of unemployment. （ A） It ended soon when the bus drivers demand was satisfied. （ B） It would continue despite offer for wage increase. （ C） It wouldnt end until next Monday. （ D） It failed for both sides
14、 couldnt reach an agreement. （ A） It burned out 6 towns. （ B） 4 people lost their lives so far. （ C） 24 people were injured. （ D） About 300,000 houses were burnt down. Section C 26 Some students are not adequately prepared for college. Should we turn them away? Deceive them? Or modify our product? A
15、mericans must【 B1】 _their ability and responsibility to continue to learn throughout their working lives and, although I hesitate to repeat a point so【 B2】 _made by others, they must also be taught a body of basic skills. Our industry does our nation no service by discarding unprepared students or b
16、y turning out【 B3】 _graduates. These people must be taught. If they are not yet ready to learn the lessons we have prepared, should we not【 B4】 _and expand those lessons? Here is yet another argument for offering the new first degree. It would provide a legitimate program for students who are not ye
17、t prepared to go for the【 B5】_degree. As our industry grows in responsibility,【 B6】 _. and productivity, should we not change our production schedule?【 B7】 _scattered attempts to change, the typical American academic schedule remains a relic of our past, yet we are no longer a nation of farmers; we【
18、 B8】 _have any reason to end the academic year in May or June. If universities are to realize their growing role in society and firmly grasp the【 B9】 _power that role implies, then we are going to have to operate six days a week, year round. We should go to【 B10】 _operation because that is the least
19、 expensive way to teach more students per year. For many universities where teaching goes on five days a week for thirty weeks, capacity is constrained by the physical plant. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 The English national
20、character is dualistic: One aspect is conservative, the other extroverted(性格外向的 ). The pub is a fine example of the conservative aspect of English character. The pub, unlike the bar in the U.S., is a focal【 C1】 _for the “locals.“ One goes to the pub for the same reasons one used to go to church: for
21、 fellowship and spiritual【 C2】 _. There is nothing flashy or plastic about most pubs. Many look like ones living room, full of soft chairs, couches, a fireplace, and bright lights. The pubs keep【 C3】 _. hours, too. There are no all-night or 3 AM. public bars. When the pubs close everyone goes home.
22、The pub represents【 C4】_with control and in good taste. This control is【 C5】 _in English humor. Most Americans find nothing【 C6】_in English comedy shows, since English humor is word oriented while American humor is more action oriented. The same control that is found in English pubs and humor is als
23、o found in the English【 C7】 _of living. Where else does one stand in line quietly for the bus or the taxi? However, there is another side to the English Character the【 C8】 _, the adventurous, and the innovative. It was not the U.S. but conservative England that produced the Beatles with their long h
24、air and sounds that have【 C9】 _a decade of rock musicians and adolescents. The English are innovators and experimenters in many areas: A. S. Neills Summerhill has become the model for progressive education. R. D. Laing claims that it is not the individual who is insane but his society, which【 C10】 _
25、categorizes him and forces him to fit into abstract norms. A)concrete B)enlightenment C)bizarre D)pleasure E)influenced F)indignantly G)point H)amplified I)funny J)pace K)perception L)respectable M)orthodox N)constantly O)exemplified 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44
26、【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Nurse Home Visits: A Boost for Low-Income Parents ANurse home visitor Tammy Ballard has had some memorable experiences in close to a decade of helping new mothers raising their children in poverty in Dayton, Ohio. Once, she arrived at a new clients home to find
27、a TV news crew waiting outside; apparently, someone fleeing gunfire had sought shelter there. Another time, she knocked on a door only to hear screaming in response, but no one would let her in. Later she learned it was the familys parrots, which had been trained to shout at visitors. BBallards job
28、when she can get in the house is to try to give low-income parents a leg up. She teaches them many of the same child-rearing techniques that give the children of middle-class and educated parents an edge socially and in school and that instruction is often eye-opening for both Ballard and her client
29、s. You would be surprised to know what new parents dont know, Ballard says, recalling the case of one father who thought babies couldnt hear at birth. “He asked, When do their eyes open? He thought they were like puppies,“ she says. CTheres no doubt, that low-income parents indeed, most new parents
30、could use a little guidance. In some countries, like France, that guidance is institutionalized. Nurse home visits for all pregnant and new mothers are routine and free of charge, sponsored by the government. In the U.S. the national Nurse-Family Partnership program(NFP)covers about 16,300 families
31、living in poverty in 25 states, but President Obama has said he plans to expand the benefit, extending it to every first-time poor mother in the countryabout 570,000 women each year. The Presidents stimulus plan includes more than $3 billion in funding for early-childhood-intervention programs such
32、as Head Start and Early Head Start. DThe question is, will the money make a real difference in childrens lives? In a recent article in The New York Times, Douglas Besharov of the conservative think tank American Enterprise Institute and a colleague argued that expanding pre-kindergarten programs “wi
33、thout demanding reforms will not help children.“ Other critics have also stated that funding early-childhood initiatives is just a consolation to liberal interest groups. EBut the science supporting warm and fuzzy early-childhood interventions is sound and is only getting stronger. “Theres convergin
34、g evidence from neuroscience(神经学 ), social science and animal data,“ says Martha Farah, director of the Center for Cognitive Neuroscience at the University of Pennsylvania. “If you want to invest societal resources where they will have the biggest benefit for all of us, clearly the evidence is there
35、 now that protecting children from the worst kinds of deprivation in their youngest years will result in more functional, capable, prosocial citizens.“ FThe NFP was developed in the 1970s by David Olds, a professor of pediatrics(小儿科 )and preventive medicine at the University of Colorado Health Scien
36、ces Center. NFP involves about 64 home visits from a nurse during the first 2.5 years of a childs life. Many of the new mothers who receive the benefit are single, are on welfare, have low education levels and are dealing with addiction, mental illness and family violence. Nurses visit once a week d
37、uring pregnancy and early infancy, answering health questions, teaching basic parenting skills and, crucially, helping moms whose own early lives were often characterized by chaos build confidence that they can do better for their children. GThese visits have a pretty good payoff. A recent analysis
38、by the Rand Corp. found that for every dollar spent providing nurse visitors to high-risk families, the government could save nearly $6 in welfare, juvenile-justice and health-care costs down the line. Dividends for the families well-being may be even higher. A study published in the Journal of the
39、American Medical Association(J.A.M.A.)a few years ago found that children in the north of New York whose mothers were visited by nurses during pregnancy and two years after birth were 59% less likely to have been arrested 15 years later, compared with a control group. HAnother study, also in J.A.M.A
40、., found that nurse home visits were associated with a nearly 50% drop in rates of child abuse or neglect in new families and that visits increased the amount of time between a mothers first and second pregnancies. Rates of hypertension(高血压 ), which is known to interfere with fetal brain development
41、, were also reduced. And mothers spent less time on welfare and worked more. ITheres really no mystery to the programs success, says Olds. Simple interventions, like encouraging new parents to show affection to their children or to talk to them more, result in huge rewards for babies. In poor famili
42、es, adults tend to speak to babies only to issue commands, in a business-only style of parenting rather than talking to children to communicate affection, identify objects, introduce concepts or teach language a phenomenon more common in middle-class and wealthy households. Studies have shown that b
43、y pre-school age, children whose parents gesture or talk to them less in babyhood know significantly fewer vocabulary words than children whose parents engage them more often. That deficit can affect students performance for years. JWhat happens early has a long-term impact, says Olds. Indeed, about
44、 90% of a childs brain growth takes place before kindergarten, so its critical to teach new parents what to expect as a child develops not only during pregnancy and early childhood but also as the child matures. A large part of nurse home visits are designed to teach parenls how to respond to their
45、children as they age and help them manage the extra burden of parenting with few resources. Says Olds: “Learning to understand childrens motivations and abilities helps parents treat them more sensitively and responsively, and that makes it easier for children to accept guidance and not respond prov
46、ocatively.“ KIt also creates a less stressful environment and protects against child abuse and neglect, and those reductions can in turn cut childrens risks of later engaging in crime and suffering from addiction, mental illness, obesity and cardiovascular(心血管的 )disease. The key, according to Olds r
47、esearch, begins with properly trained nurses; home visits by paraprofessionals(专业人员的助手 )arent as effective. Despite the current shortage of nurses in the U.S., Olds says his program is ready to grow. “The NFP is ready for substantial expansion, as long as we recognize that serving 500,000 new famili
48、es per year will take time.“ But its an investment that self-propagates. Once the nurses have educated new moms, says Ballard, the mothers start educating one another. “Its so neat to watch,“ she says. “We give information to our clients, and they share with neighbors. One client was the go-to perso
49、n for everything. Shed say, Talking to your babies makes them smart. And the other moms would always come to her.“ 47 Encouraging parents to express affection does good to babies. 48 It is best to invest societal resources into home visit programs. 49 In some countries, nurse home visit programs are funded by government. 50 Nurse home visit is eye-opening because of clients poor childcare knowledge. 51 A nurse
