1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 258及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether school campuses should he open to the public at any time or in a limited period of time. Write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200
2、words. Section A （ A） How to act at a job interview. （ B） How to run ones own business. （ C） How to dress during a job interview. （ D） How to communicate with your boss. （ A） Whether he should boast about his advantages. （ B） Whether he should dress formally for the interview. （ C） Whether he should
3、 mention his personal problems. （ D） Whether he should be honest about his bad habit. （ A） Ask some thought-provoking questions. （ B） Offer a firm handshake when greeting the interviewer. （ C） Arrive on time at the interview. （ D） Dress gorgeous clothes. （ A） Because it is the best way to let the co
4、nversation go smoothly. （ B） Because it is the best way to leave a good first impression. （ C） Because it can show that you are an intelligent interviewee. （ D） Because it can show that you are genuinely interested in the position. （ A） He prefers voting for a qualified leader. （ B） He prefers becom
5、ing a businessman. （ C） He prefers joining a non-governmental organization. （ D） He prefers joining a political party. （ A） From states. （ B） From their own members. （ C） From their own businesses. （ D） From donations. （ A） Those who can offer good concepts. （ B） Those who can offer lots of money. （
6、 C） Those who deliver enlightening speeches. （ D） Those who are good at managing economy. （ A） Intelligent. （ B） Humorous. （ C） Confident. （ D） Brave. Section B （ A） An 81-year-old Japanese womans technical life. （ B） An introduction to a traditional art in Japan. （ C） How exercise is linked to heal
7、th. （ D） How to delay aging process. （ A） Because she is fond of new inventions. （ B） Because she is interested in preserving Japanese traditions. （ C） Because she is keen on technology and communication. （ D） Because she is good at keeping healthy. （ A） Keeping doing exercise. （ B） Playing computer
8、 games. （ C） Surfing the Internet. （ D） Having regular physical examination. （ A） Teaching non-native English learners. （ B） Providing various teaching methods to English teachers. （ C） Accepting more non-native English speaking students into kindergarten. （ D） Encouraging young students to spend mo
9、re time learning English. （ A） There are more schools for Spanish-speaking students. （ B） More Spanish-speaking students think about going to college. （ C） The number of Spanish-speaking high school graduates has increased. （ D） More Spanish-speaking students can graduate from college. （ A） It attra
10、cts the federals attention to the issue. （ B） It makes federal money more accessible. （ C） It leads to better working conditions of teachers. （ D） It raises the number limit of new programs. （ A） Allowing them longer time to master the language. （ B） Teaching them reading and math in their native la
11、nguage. （ C） Using both English and their native language when teaching. （ D） Making them proficient in English before teaching them other subjects. Section C （ A） They are the smallest satellites. （ B） They are made by college students. （ C） They are powered by water. （ D） They are backed by NASA.
12、（ A） From a former Cornell University professor. （ B） From a science program on television. （ C） From a competition held by Cornell University. （ D） From a former NASAs chief technologist. （ A） Using pictures of the sun, Earth and the moon to compare their positions and size. （ B） Using a special GP
13、S system to fix the spacecrafts position in the space. （ C） Using the moon, sun and stars to fix the spacecrafts position in the space. （ D） Using remote operation system to direct the spacecraft to move in the right direction. （ A） Healthy eating. （ B） Diet-related diseases. （ C） Eating disorders.
14、（ D） Food-heath relationship. （ A） It is causing more deaths around the world than tobacco. （ B） It is more prominent in developing countries. （ C） It includes two kinds of disease: heart disease and type 1 diabetes. （ D） It can be cured now by some specific medicine. （ A） They are targeting at youn
15、g people. （ B） They can lead to eating disorders. （ C） They can cure some skin problems. （ D） They are persuasive to older people. （ A） Patients should not abandon using drugs. （ B） Patients should eat light food. （ C） Morale and heath are connected. （ D） Food and health are connected. （ A） Some of
16、them are living in the wild in Hawaii. （ B） None of them live in the wild. （ C） They are the most valuable species of crows. （ D） They live in deep holes on the rock. （ A） They use their nails as tools. （ B） They use their tongues as tools. （ C） They are born to use tools. （ D） They are trained to u
17、se tools. （ A） They can use their claws as tools. （ B） They have straight beaks. （ C） Their claws are like human thumbs. （ D） Their beaks are short but hard. Section A 26 Tiny pieces of gold could be used in the fight against cancer, new research has suggested. Scientists at Edinburgh University hav
18、e just completed a study which shows the【 C1】 _metal increased the effectiveness of drugs used to treat lung cancer cells. Minute fragments, known as gold nanoparticles(纳米粒子 ), were【 C2】 _in a chemical device by the research team. While this has not yet been tested on humans, it is hoped such a devi
19、ce could one day be used to reduce side effects of current chemotherapy treatments by【 C3】_targeting diseased cells without damaging healthy tissue. Gold is a safe chemical element and has the ability to【 C4】 _chemical reactions. Researchers at the University of Edinburgh discovered properties of th
20、e metal that allow these catalytic abilities to be accessed in living things without any side effects. The device was shown to be effective after being【 C5】 _in the brain of a zebrafish, suggesting it can be used in living animals. The study was carried out in【 C6】 _with researchers at the Universit
21、y of Zaragozas Institute of Nanoscience of Aragon in Spain, with funding coming from Cancer Research UK(CRUK). Dr. Asier, from the University of Edinburghs CRUK Edinburgh Centre, said: “We have discovered new【 C7】 _of gold that were previously unknown and our findings suggest that the metal could be
22、 used to【 C8】_drugs inside tumours very safely. There is still work to do before we can use this on【 C9】 _, but this study is a step forward. We hope that a similar device in humans could one day be implanted by surgeons to activate chemotherapy directly in tumours and reduce harmful effects to heal
23、thy organs. “ The next steps will be to see if this method is【 C10】 _to use in people, what its long- and short-term side effects are, and if its a better way to treat some cancers. A)accelerate I)precisely B)cautiously J)previous C)collaboration K)properties D)elaboration L)release E)encased M)reli
24、eve F)implanted N)safe G)patients O)unsafe H)precious 27 【 C1】 28 【 C2】 29 【 C3】 30 【 C4】 31 【 C5】 32 【 C6】 33 【 C7】 34 【 C8】 35 【 C9】 36 【 C10】 Section B 36 Have Smartphones Destroyed a Generation? A Ive been researching generational differences for 25 years, starting when I was a 22-year-old docto
25、ral student in psychology. Typically, the characteristics that come to define a generation appear gradually, and along a continuum. Beliefs and behaviors that were already rising simply continue to do so. Millennials, for instance, are a highly individualistic generation, but individualism had been
26、increasing since the Baby Boomers turned on, tuned in, and dropped out. I had grown accustomed to line graphs of trends that looked like modest hills and valleys. B Around 2012, I noticed abrupt shifts in teen behaviors and emotional states. The gentle slopes of the line graphs became steep mountain
27、s and sheer cliffs, and many of the distinctive characteristics of the Millennial generation began to disappear. In all my analyses of generational datasome reaching back to the 1930sI had never seen anything like it. C At first I presumed these might be blips(短暂的问题或变故 ), but the trends persisted, a
28、cross several years and a series of national surveys. The changes werent just in degree, but in kind. The biggest difference between the Millennials and their predecessors was in how they viewed the world: teens today differ from the Millennials not just in their views but in how they spend their ti
29、me. The experiences they have every day are radically different from those of the generation that came of age just a few years before them. D What happened in 2012 to cause such dramatic shifts in behavior? It was after the Great Recession, which officially lasted from 2007 to 2009 and had a starker
30、 effect on Millennials trying to find a place in a sputtering economy. But it was exactly the moment when the proportion of Americans who owned a smartphone surpassed 50 percent. E The more I pored over yearly surveys of teen attitudes and behaviors, and the more I talked with young people, the clea
31、rer it became that theirs is a generation shaped by the smartphone and by the concomitant(伴随的 )rise of social media. I call them iGen. Born between 1995 and 2012, members of this generation are growing up with smartphones, have an Instagram account before they start high school, and do not remember
32、a time before the internet. iGens oldest members were early adolescents when the iPhone was introduced, in 2007, and high-school students when the iPad entered the scene, in 2010. A 2017 survey of more than 5,000 American teens found that three out of four owned an iPhone. F The advent of the smartp
33、hone and its cousin the tablet was followed quickly by hand-wringing about the harmful effects of “ screen time. “ But the impact of these devices has not been fully appreciated, and goes far beyond the usual concerns about curtailed attention spans. The arrival of the smartphone has radically chang
34、ed every aspect of teenagers lives, from the nature of their social interactions to their mental health. These changes have affected young people in every corner of the nation and in every type of household. The trends appear among teens poor and rich: of every ethnic background: in cities, suburbs,
35、 and small towns. Where there are cell towers, there are teens living their lives on their smartphone. G To those of us who fondly recall a more analog adolescence, this may seem foreign and troubling. The aim of generational study, however, is not to succumb to nostalgia for the way things used to
36、be: its to understand how they are now. Some generational changes are positive, some are negative, and many are both. More comfortable in their bedrooms than in a car or at a party, todays teens are physically safer than teens have ever been. Theyre markedly less likely to get into a car accident an
37、d, having less of a taste for alcohol than their predecessors, are less susceptible to drinkings attendant ills. H Psychologically, however, they are more vulnerable than Millennials were: Rates of teen depression and suicide have skyrocketed since 2011. Its not an exaggeration to describe iGen as b
38、eing on the brink of the worst mental-health crisis in decades. Much of this deterioration can be traced to their phones. Even when a seismic(重要的 )eventa war, a technological leap, a free concert in the mudplays an outsize role in shaping a group of young people, no single factor ever defines a gene
39、ration. Parenting styles continue to change, as do school curricula and culture, and these things matter. But the twin rise of the smartphone and social media has caused an earthquake of a magnitude weve not seen in a very long time, if ever. There is compelling evidence that the devices weve placed
40、 in young peoples hands are having profound effects on their livesand making them seriously unhappy. I The allure of independence was so powerful to previous generations. However, it now holds less sway over todays teens, who are less likely to leave the house without their parents. The shift is stu
41、nning: 12th-graders in 2015 were going out less often than eighth-graders did as recently as 2009. J Todays teens are also less likely to date. The initial stage of courtship, which Gen Xers called “liking“(as in “Ooh, he likes you!“), kids now call “talking“an ironic choice for a generation that pr
42、efers texting to actual conversation. After two teens have “ talked“ for a while, they might start dating. But only about 56 percent of high-school seniors in 2015 went out on dates: for Boomers and Gen Xers, the number was about 85 percent. K The decline in dating tracks with a decline in sexual ac
43、tivity. The drop is the sharpest for ninth-graders, among whom the number of sexually active teens has been cut by almost 40 percent since 1991. The average teen now has had sex for the first time by the spring of 11th grade, a full year later than the average Gen Xer. Fewer teens having sex has con
44、tributed to what many see as one of the most positive youth trends in recent years: The teen birth rate hit an all-time low in 2016, down 67 percent since its modern peak, in 1991. L Even driving, a symbol of adolescent freedom inscribed in American popular culture, from Rebel Without a Cause to Fer
45、ris Buellers Day Off, has lost its appeal for todays teens. Nearly all Boomer high-school students had their drivers license by the spring of their senior year: more than one in four teens today still lack one at the end of high school. For some, Mom and Dad are such good chauffeurs that theres no u
46、rgent need to drive. “My parents drove me everywhere and never complained, so I always had rides,“ a 21-year-old student in San Diego told me. “ I didnt get my license until my mom told me I had to because she could not keep driving me to school. “ She finally got her license six months after her 18
47、th birthday. In conversation after conversation, teens described getting their license as something to be nagged into by their parentsa notion that would have been unthinkable to previous generations. M Independence isnt freeyou need some money in your pocket to pay for gas, or for that bottle of sc
48、hnapps. iGen teens arent working(or managing their own money). Statistically, in the late 1970s, 77 percent of high-school seniors worked for pay during the school year: by the mid-2010s, only 55 percent did. The number of eighth-graders who work for pay has been cut in half. These declines accelera
49、ted during the Great Recession, but teen employment has not bounced back, even though job availability has. 37 Millennials and their former generations viewed the world in a way different from teens do today. 38 It is obvious that iGen teens are deeply influenced by cellphone as well as social media. 39 Teens behavior changed suddenly at the time when over half of Americans had smartphones. 40 Physically speaking, todays teens are much safer than ever before, which is
