1、大学英语六级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 141及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on hope by referring to the saying “ While there is life, there is hope. “ You can cite examples to illustrate your point and then explain how you can develop your ability to deal w
2、ith difficulties and be optimistic. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Section A （ A） Her doctor told her that she had gotten depression. （ B） She lost her favorite phone. （ C） No one knows where she is now. （ D） She has some health problems. （ A） His major. （ B） His int
3、erest. （ C） His communication skills. （ D） His job experience. （ A） It is held by the city museum. （ B） There is an age limit for the participants. （ C） Everyone can send only one painting. （ D） The organizer will hold an exhibit. （ A） The man should begin to study. （ B） The man might have left it a
4、t school. （ C） Jane could have taken it by mistake. （ D） Jane has already returned it for him. （ A） She didnt like the opening ceremony. （ B） She didnt plan to go to the supermarket. （ C） She didnt know the photo was sent online. （ D） She didnt go early enough to get in. （ A） He is too ill to go on
5、working. （ B） He doesnt want to trouble the woman. （ C） He feels like taking a break. （ D） He has already finished his report. （ A） She doesnt enjoy political programs. （ B） She didnt feel comfortable at that time. （ C） She had to take care of her daughter. （ D） She had to let her child pick the cha
6、nnel. （ A） Buy tennis shoes and tennis rackets. （ B） Find where the toys are sold. （ C） Take the elevator to go upstairs. （ D） Get enrolled in a tennis training course. （ A） Because he was praised by the professor. （ B） Because he has found a good job. （ C） Because he has got a chance for an intervi
7、ew. （ D） Because he has made a good investment. （ A） Know as much about the company as possible. （ B） Try to work as an intern in the company. （ C） Find out the background of the top executives. （ D） Review the questions being asked before. （ A） Ultimate achievement in the company. （ B） Opportunitie
8、s of further training. （ C） Requirements of salary and benefits. （ D） Insight of the present business trend. （ A） When he got on the ferry. （ B） When he found a chair. （ C） When he reached the riverbank. （ D） When he was making a phone call. （ A） The police officer. （ B） His uncle. （ C） A friend of
9、his family. （ D） An acquaintance of the woman. （ A） Because he needs to book a flight. （ B） Because he intends to travel in the country. （ C） Because he hopes to return to the U. S. A. （ D） Because he wants to get his backpack back. （ A） Find information on the U. S. Department of State website. （ B
10、） Prepare some extra money for the emergency passport. （ C） Contact her later for the necessary documents. （ D） Come to the consulate immediately for protection. Section B （ A） It is helpful to find food. （ B） It keeps them from their offspring. （ C） It attracts better partners. （ D） It can be passe
11、d down to children. （ A） Horses. （ B） Rats. （ C） Dogs. （ D） Rabbits. （ A） More food. （ B） Less danger. （ C） Less work. （ D） More strength. （ A） Having a comfortable bed. （ B） Going to bed early. （ C） Doing some reading before sleep. （ D） Having a dark shade. （ A） Pressure from work does nothing to b
12、ad sleep. （ B） Too much TV-watching knocks 46 minutes off a nights sleep. （ C） Lack of physical work is one major reason for sleeplessness. （ D） Badly-designed office may be crucial to sleep loss. （ A） It maintains the regular sleep pattern. （ B） It burns out the extra energy. （ C） It keeps people i
13、n a good mood. （ D） It helps produce the healthy chemicals. （ A） Wavelength. （ B） Lightness. （ C） Color. （ D） The number of sources. （ A） By judging from their behavior. （ B） By testing the function of the genes. （ C） By examining the negative influence around them. （ D） By monitoring the performanc
14、e of their brain. （ A） By offering them some mental suggestions. （ B） By keeping them away from possible means. （ C） By prescribing them some helpful medicine. （ D） By asking them to stay at certain places. （ A） It is only applied to those with suicide attempts. （ B） It has a high rate of accuracy.
15、（ C） It should be taken regularly. （ D） It is of simple process and quick result. Section C 26 You may have noticed that the voices of politicians seem to change as they rise up the ranks. Now scientists【 B1】 _that being in a position of power can fundamentally change the way you speak and other peo
16、ple can【 B2】 _on these vocal cues. Psychological scientist Sei Jin Ko of San Diego State University and her team had long been interested in non-language-related properties of【 B3】 _, but it was former U. K. Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher that【 B4】 _them to investigate the relationship between aco
17、ustic (听觉的 ) cues and power. To find out, the researchers designed a study. They【 B5】 _161 college students reading a passage so they could record their natural acoustics. The participants were then【 B6】 _assigned to play a specific role in a negotiation exercise. Students assigned to a “high rank“
18、were told to go into the negotiation imagining that they either had a strong alternative offer, valuable inside information, or high status in the workplace. Low-rank students,【 B7】_were told to imagine they had either a weak offer, no inside information, or low workplace status. The students then r
19、ead a second passage aloud in【 B8】 _, as if they were negotiating with an imaginary adversary and their voices were recorded. Comparing the first and second recordings, the researchers found that the voices of students assigned to high-power roles tended to【 B9】 _in pitch, as well as become more mon
20、otone with less variable in pitch and varied more in volume than the voices of students assigned low-power roles. “Amazingly, power affected our participants voices in almost the exact same way that Thatchers voice changed after her【 B10】_training,“ said Professor Galinsky, a researcher in the team.
21、 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 People consume 200 extra calories a day when eating at a restaurant compared to dining at home, a new study has revealed. Researchers have found that adults who eat out take in more calories, sug
22、ar, saturated fat and salt than when they【 C1】 _in to eat, whether they are at a fast food outlet or a【 C2】 _restaurant with full table service. The study published online by the journal Public Health Nutrition,【 C3】 _up previous research linking eating out to people consuming more calories. This in
23、cludes data which shows adults, who reported eating fast food, consumed more calories, fat and salt as well as less fruit, vegetables and vitamins【 C4】 _to those who dont eat it. The research was conducted by Binh Nguyen of the American Cancer Society and Lisa Powell of Chicago University. They used
24、 data from more than 12,000 people aged 20 to 64, who were asked about visits to fast food and table service restaurants on two【 C5】_days. The study found that on days when eating at a fast-food restaurant, there was a net【 C6】 _of total energy intake by 194. 49 calories, saturated fat by 3. 48 gram
25、s, sugar by 3. 95 grams and salt by 296.38 mgs. Eating at a table-service restaurant was also associated with a higher energy intake with diners consuming an【 C7】 _205.21 calories, and with higher intake of saturated fat by 2. 52 grams and salt by 451. 06 mgs. The study also found individual charact
26、eristics moderated the【 C8】 _of restaurant food consumption. Net energy intake was larger for black adults compared with their white and Hispanic counterparts and greater for middle-income compared to high-income adults. Doctor Nguyen said, “ Our study confirms that adults fast-food and full-service
27、 restaurant consumption was【 C9】 _with higher daily total energy intake and poorer dietary indicators. “ The researchers say the larger adverse effect they measured on energy intake for some lower socio-economic and minority populations has policy implications. They say efforts to improve diet and r
28、educe energy intake from restaurant sources could【 C10】 _help to reduce racial and socio-economic disparities in diets. A) increase I) stay B) local J) considers C) compared K) actually D) associated L) backs E) insufficiently M) impact F) extra N) absorb G) reduction O) formal H) successive 37 【 C1
29、】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Its Time to Pay Attention to Sleep, the New Health Frontier AYour doctor could soon be prescribing crucial sleep as treatment for everything from obesity to mental health as experts say carving out time
30、for sleep is just as important as diet and exercise. BAfter being diagnosed with brain and lung cancer in 2011, Lynn Mitchell, 68, was averaging about an hour of solid sleep a night. Stressed about her treatments, she was paying for it in hours of lost sleep. The brain cancer was already affecting h
31、er mobilityMitchell was often dizzy and would lose her balance but the lack of sleep was making things worse. Even walking became increasingly difficult. Exhausted in the mornings, she was practically incoherent. When her doctors recommended she see a sleep therapist, Mitchell was relieved at how be
32、nign it sounded in comparison to the chemotherapy (化疗 ) she had undergone, which had side effects like nausea and fatigue. CFor about nine weeks, Mitchell worked with the sleep therapist to adjust her sleep habits. She got under the covers only when she was extremely tired. She quit watching TV in b
33、ed. She stopped drinking caffeinated coffee in the evening. She also learned breathing exercises to relax and help her drift off. It was all quite simple and common sense, and, most importantly, noninvasive and didnt require popping any pills. D“Its common knowledge that sleep is needed for day-to-d
34、ay function,“ says Dr. David Rapoport, director of the Sleep Medicine Program at NYU School of Medicine. “ What isnt common knowledge is that it really matters its not just cosmetic. “ Rapoport has long seen people seek sleep therapy because theyre chronically tired or suffering from insomnia (失眠 ),
35、 but an increasing number of patients are being referred to his center for common diseases, disorders, and mental health. EResearchers have known for some time that sleep is critical for weight maintenance and hormone balance. And too little sleep is linked to everything from diabetes to heart disea
36、se to depression. Recently, the research on sleep has been overwhelming, with mounting evidence that it plays a role in nearly every aspect of health. Beyond chronic illnesses, a childs behavioral problems at school could be rooted in mild sleep apnea (睡眠呼吸中止症 ). And studies have shown children with
37、 ADHD (注意力缺损多动障碍 ) are more likely to get insufficient sleep. A recent study published in the journal SLEEP found a link between older men with poor sleep quality and cognitive decline. Another study out this week shows sleep is essential in early childhood for development, learning, and the formati
38、on and retention of memories. Dr. Allan Rechtschaffen, a pioneer of sleep research at the University of Chicago, once said, “ If sleep does not serve an absolutely vital function, then it is the biggest mistake the evolutionary process ever made. “ FBut to many of us, sleep is easily sacrificed, esp
39、ecially since lack of it isnt seen as life threatening. Over time, sleep deprivation can have serious consequences, but we mostly sacrifice a night of sleep here and there, and always say that well “catch up“. Luckily, it is possible to make up for sleep debt (though it can take a very long time), b
40、ut most Americans are still chronically sleep deprived. GWhile diet and exercise have been a part of public health messaging for decades, doctors and health advocates are now beginning to argue that getting quality sleep may be just as important for overall health. “Sleep is probably easier to chang
41、e than diet or exercise,“ says Dr. Michael Grandner, a sleep researcher at the University of Pennsylvania. “It may also give you more of an immediate reward if it helps you get through your day. “ And while theres more evidence linking diet and exercise as influential health factors, sleep is probab
42、ly more important in terms of brain and hormonal function, Grandner says. “ Among a small group of sleep researchers, its always been said that eating, exercise, and sleep are the three pillars of health,“ says Dr. Rapoport. HIn our increasingly professional and digital lives, where there are now mo
43、re things than ever competing for the hours in our day, carving out time for sleep is not only increasingly difficult, but also more necessary. Using technology before bed stimulates us and interferes with our sleep, yet 95% of Americans use some type of electronics like a computer, TV, or cell phon
44、e at least a few nights a week within the hour before we go to bed, according to a 2011 National Sleep Foundation survey. “Many doctors, lawyers, and executives stay up late and get up early and burn the candle at both ends,“ says Dr. Richard Lang, chair of Preventative Medicine at the Cleveland Cli
45、nic. “Making sure they pay attention to sleep in the same way they pay attention to diet and exercise is crucial. “ ITo some, sleep has become a powerful medicine to mental health. Arianna Huffington, president and editor-in-chief of the Huffington Post Media Group, advocates that sleep is the secre
46、t to success, happiness, and peak performance. After passing out a few years ago from exhaustion and cracking a cheekbone (鹳骨 ) against her desk, Huffington has become something of a sleep promoter. In a 2010 TED Women conference, Huffington said, “The way to a more productive, more inspired, more j
47、oyful life is getting enough sleep. “ Research linking high-quality sleep with better mental health is growing: a 2013 study found that treating depressed patients for insomnia can double their likelihood of overcoming the disorder. JWhile 70% of physicians agree that inadequate sleep is a major hea
48、lth problem, only 43% counsel their patients on the benefits of adequate sleep. But theres growing pressure on primary care physicians to address, and even prescribe, sleep during routine check-ups. In a recent study published in the journal The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, the researchers concl
49、uded that health professionals should prescribe sleep to prevent and treat metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes. And overlooking sleep as a major health issue can also have deadly consequences. It was recently reported that the operator of the Metro-North train that derailed in New York last year, killing four people and injuring more than 70, had an undiagnosed case of sleep apnea. KSleep therapies can range from simply le
