1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 619及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a short essay entitled Telephone or Letter. You should write at/east 150 words following the outline given bellow. 1. 有人喜欢用电话交流，因为 2. 有人则喜欢用书信交流，因为 3. 我的看法。 Telephone or Letter? 二
2、、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the pass
3、age; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Calories For years now, calories have been all the rage- people are counting them and cutting them, and youd be hard-pressed to find something at th
4、e supermarket that does not list its calories per serving somewhere on the package. But have you ever wondered what exactly a calorie is? What Is A Calorie? A calorie is a unit of energy. We tend to associate calories with food, but they apply to anything containing energy. For example, a gallon (ab
5、out 4 liters) of gasoline contains about 31,000,000 calories. Specifically, a calorie is the amount of energy, or heat, it takes to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius (1.8 degrees Fahrenheit). One calorie is equal to 4. 184 joules ( 焦耳 ), a common unit of energy used in the ph
6、ysical sciences, Most of us think of calories in relation to food, as in “This can of soda has 200 calories.“ It turns out that the calories on a food package are actually kilocalories (1,000 calories= 1 kilocalorie). The word is sometimes capitalized to show the difference, but usually not. A food
7、calorie contains 4,184 joules. A can of soda containing 200 food calories contains 200,000 regular calories, or 200 kilocalories. A gallon of gasoline contains 31,000 kilocalories. The same applies to exercise - when a fitness chart says you burn about 100 calories for every mile you jog, it means 1
8、00 kilocalories. For the duration of this article, when we say “calorie“, we mean “kilocalorie“. What Calories Do? Human beings need energy to survive - to breathe, move, pump blood - and they acquire this energy from food. The number of calories in a food is a measure of how much potential energy t
9、hat food possesses. A gram of carbohydrates(碳水化合物 ) has 4 calories, a gram of protein has 4 calories, and a gram of fat has 9 calories. Foods are a compilation of these three building blocks. So if you know how many carbohydrates, fats and proteins are in any given food, you know how many calories,
10、or how much energy, that food contains. If we look at the nutritional label on the back of a packet of maple-and-brown-sugar oatmeal, we find that it has 160 calories. This means that if we were to pour this oatmeal into a dish, set the oatmeal on fire and get it to burn completely (which is actuall
11、y pretty tricky), the reaction would produce 160 kilocalories (remember: food calories are kilocalories) - enough energy to raise the temperature of 160 kilograms of water 1 degree Celsius. If we look closer at the nutritional label, we see that our oatmeal has 2 grams of fat, 4 grams of protein and
12、 32 grams of carbohydrates, producing a total of 162 calories (apparently, food manufacturers like to round down). Of these 162 calories, 18 come from fat (9 calx2 g), 16 come from protein (4 cal4g) and 128 come from carbohydrates (4 cal32g). Our bodies “burn“ the calories in the oatmeal through met
13、abolic (新陈代谢的 ) processes, by which enzymes(酵素 ) break the carbohydrates into glucose( 葡萄糖 ) and other sugars, the fats into glycerol (丙三醇 ) and fatty acids and the proteins into amino acids(氨基酸 ). These molecules are then transported through the bloodstream to the cells, where they are either absor
14、bed for immediate use or sent on to the final stage of metabolism in which they are reacted with oxygen to release their stored energy. Your Caloric Needs Just how many calories do our cells need to function well? The number is different for every person. You may notice on the nutritional labels of
15、the foods you buy that the “percent daily values“ are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. 2,000 calories is a rough average of what a person needs to eat in a day, but your body might need more or less than 2,000 calories. Height, weight, gender, age and activity level all affect your caloric needs. Ther
16、e are several factors that regulate how many calories we need each day. Some of these considerations are your metabolic rate (新陈代谢率 ), physical activity level and thermic (热的 ) effect of food, sleep patterns, age, gender, body mass and body size. To determine your caloric intake value for building m
17、ass, multiply your body weight by 24, while multiplying your body weight by 17 to determine your approximate maintenance level caloric intake. The main function of carbohydrates is to be a source of energy for the body. In the end, energy drawn from the breakdown of glucose and glycogen (肝糖 ) is use
18、d to fuel muscular contractions as well as provide a “protein sparing“ effect. Unlike the other macro-nutrients, proteins contain nitrogen (氮 ) which is important in the formation of new muscle tissue. The human body requires 22 different amino acids, which are found in protein, and can be classifie
19、d as either essential or non-essential. Essential amino acids cant be synthesized in the body, while non-essential amino acids can be. Under normal conditions, protein serves an important role in the maintenance, repair, and growth of body tissues. Proteins make up about 15% of your total body mass
20、and have several roles in the body. Proteins also regulate the acid/base quality of body fluids and are necessary for muscle contractions, hormone production, and the activation of metabolic processes. In the human body, fat provides the largest store of potential energy, produces hormones, strength
21、ens cell structures, transmits nerve impulses and provides insulation (绝热 ) from cold environments. Fats actually contribute to about 50 % of the energy required during light and moderate exercise, and this percentage rises as the work period is prolonged. Calories, Fat and Exercise So what happens
22、if you take in more or fewer calories than your body burns? You either gain or lose fat, respectively. An accumulation of 3,500 extra calories is stored by your body as 1 pound of fat - fat is the bodys way of saving energy for a rainy day. If, on the other hand, you bum 3,500 more calories than you
23、 eat, whether by exercising more or eating less, your body converts 1 pound of its stored fat into energy to make up for the deficit. One thing about exercise is that it raises your metabolic rate not only while youre huffing and puffing(忙得喘不过气来 ) on the treadmill (踏车 ). Your metabolism takes a whil
24、e to return to its normal pace. It continues to function at a higher level; your body hums an increased number of calories for about two hours after youve stopped exercising. Lots of people wonder if it matters where their calories come from. At its most basic, if we eat exactly the number of calori
25、es that we burn and if were only talking about weight, the answer is no- a calorie is a calorie. A protein calorie is not different from a fat calorie - they are simply units of energy. As long as you burn what you eat, you will maintain your weight; and as long as you burn more than you eat, youll
26、lose weight. But if were talking nutrition, it definitely matters where those calories originate. Carbohydrates and proteins are healthier sources of calories than fats. Although our bodies do need a certain amount of fat to function properly - an adequate supply of fat allows your body to absorb th
27、e vitamins you ingest - an excess of fat can have serious health consequences. 2 This passage is mainly about how to solve obesity. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 A calorie is a unit of energy associated with anything containing energy. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 1 calories on a food package equals to 1 kiloc
28、alorie. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 We need to eat more fat, because a gram of fat contains more calories than a gram of protein. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 A person might need a _ amount of 2,000 calories to maintain a healthy condition. 7 Your calorie intake for building mess is determined by _. 8 In pro
29、tein there are 22 amino acids, among which non-essential amino acids can be _ in the body. 9 To save energy for an unexpected situation, your body stores an accumulation of _. 10 Calories _ will not stop immediately when your exercise is over. 11 The _of those calories is of significance when nutrit
30、ion is taken into consideration. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each
31、 question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） She is not a very famous actress. （ B） She is not very much tempted by big money. （ C） She has no idea of how to make advertisements. （ D） She is not so f
32、ortunate as other actresses. （ A） He does not have a good healing. （ B） He has been driving madly for a year. （ C） He never takes what she says seriously. （ D） He is always impatient with her. （ A） She is worried about the errors made. （ B） She has been doing things in a correct way. （ C） She needs
33、someone to lend her a hand. （ D） She is still searching for directions. （ A） The woman should apply for the advertised job. （ B） The woman can help him with his work in the next two weeks. （ C） He is the right person to help her to post an ad. （ D） He can find a better paying job for the woman. （ A）
34、 She is stubborn. （ B） She is lonely. （ C） She is not easy-going. （ D） She is hopeless. （ A） Todays seminar was too badly scheduled. （ B） Both speakers are enthusiastic about the seminars. （ C） Next weeks seminar is on a different topic. （ D） There will be two seminars in the next week. （ A） Its dul
35、l. （ B） Its exciting. （ C） Its simple. （ D） Its complicated. （ A） $2.75. （ B） $1.25. （ C） $1.50. （ D） $3.9. （ A） Small and lightweight. （ B） Solid and heavy. （ C） Bulky but weightless. （ D） Large but necessary. （ A） Minerals. （ B） Chemical pollutants. （ C） Salt. （ D） Germs. （ A） Water from inland se
36、as. （ B） Rainwater. （ C） Sewerage. （ D） Water from mountain streams. （ A） At a park. （ B） At a skiing resort. （ C） At a stadium. （ D） At a hotel at the foot of a mountain. （ A） Shell get hurt when skiing. （ B） She cannot learn skiing well. （ C） She will get lost on the mountain. （ D） She wont get th
37、e map. （ A） He is a beginner. （ B） He is helping the woman to learn skiing. （ C） He is the owner of the skiing resort. （ D） He is the womans colleague. （ A） All skiers ski on the same runs. （ B） The woman is afraid of skiing for she once broke her leg. （ C） It is the first time for the woman to ski.
38、 （ D） At the end of the dialogue, the man says he will get a map before they begin to ski for the map is very helpful. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken on
39、ly once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） New York City. （ B） Somewhere in the United States （ C） Somewhere other than the United States. （ D） Somewhere other than Asia. （ A） An intelligent youngster of extreme confidence. （
40、B） An intelligent youngster who is offensive but confident. （ C） A diligent youngster who is very outspoken. （ D） An industrious youngster who is disagreeable. （ A） Respect for education and elders. （ B） Wealthy parents. （ C） Excellent learning facilities. （ D） Better intelligence and health. （ A） T
41、o pursue a better life. （ B） To seek for freedom. （ C） To search for gold. （ D） To do business. （ A） 1815. （ B） 1849. （ C） 1890. （ D） 1910. （ A） Most of them came from northern Europe. （ B） Most of them had their dreams come true. （ C） Most of them had a very difficult life. （ D） Most of them lived
42、in the Northern port cities. （ A） More people are interested in classical music. （ B） The technology enables access to more music. （ C） Classical music faces great challenge from pop music. （ D） Classical music must be adapted to modern times. （ A） Playing trumpet. （ B） Writing music. （ C） Music stu
43、dy. （ D） Playing piano. （ A） Traditional. （ B） Profound. （ C） Inflexible. （ D） Unrestrained. （ A） Music schools flourish in America. （ B） The requirements are strict to enter music schools. （ C） There are more foreigners than Americans in music schools. （ D） Music schools offer training to anybody w
44、ho loves music. Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with
45、the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 36 In the United States, it is required that all children attend school, public or pr
46、ivate, for twelve years. There are【 B1】 _ to this rule, of course, as in the case of certain religious or【 B2】 _ groups where education is only required until the eighth grade. And there are some groups of people that see no purpose to an education【 B3】 _ and ignore this requirement altogether. But
47、for most, and reasonably so, a twelve-year education is the minimum. In view of the【 B4】 _ of our society and the changes taking place, one would think that a person would need at least twelve years education in order to cope. However, in recent years, a great many people have begun to question the
48、purpose of having【 B5】 _ education for twelve years. One big reason the question is being raised is the fact that an alarming number of young people who graduate from the school systems are unable to handle simple, everyday tasks, such as reading a newspaper, filling out a job application or【 B6】_ a
49、 checkbook. These people are considered “【 B7】 _ illiterate“ by experts on the subject, who estimate that one out of five adults in the United States falls in this【 B8】 _ . Without a mastery of everyday skills, it is extremely difficult for these people【 B9】 _ . And as our language becomes more technical and the law more complex,【 B10】 _ . Of course, efforts are being made to correct the problem as various agencies and colleges try
