1、国家公共英语（四级）笔试模拟试卷 228及答案与解析 PART A Directions: For Questions 1-5, you will hear a conversation. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you have heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twi
2、ce. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. 1 PART B Directions: For Questions 6-10, you will hear a passage. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and the questions below. 6 PART C Directions: You will he
3、ar three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one, you will have 5 seconds to read each of the questions which accompany it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have 10 seconds to check your answer to each question. You will hear eac
4、h piece ONLY ONCE. 11 Main languages used for normal lessons at Pacific College are_. （ A） English （ B） French （ C） Spanish （ D） Both A and B 12 What is the fee for one year? _. （ A） $1200 （ B） $2400 （ C） $1500 （ D） $4200 13 Apart from academic ability, what should be considered when one applies for
5、 scholarship? （ A） Hobby （ B） Special activities （ C） Maturity （ D） Nationality 14 Main languages used for normal lessons at Pacific College are_. （ A） English （ B） French （ C） Spanish （ D） Both A and B 15 What is the fee for one year? （ A） $1200 （ B） $2400 （ C） $1500 （ D） $4200 16 Apart from academ
6、ic ability, what should be considered when one applies for scholarship? （ A） Hobby （ B） Special activities （ C） Maturity （ D） Nationality 17 Megan Delia Selva, who has already traded e-mail messages with her mom, just to say hi, is a_. （ A） freshman （ B） sophomore （ C） junior （ D） senior 18 What is
7、the relationship between Maria Minkarah and Megan Delia Selva? （ A） Teacher and student （ B） Sisters （ C） Good friends （ D） Mother and daughter 19 According to the report, what is the most striking thing? （ A） The tone students had when talking about their parents: fond, warm and admiring. （ B） The
8、young women keep in close touch with their families, discussing matters big and small, academic and personal. （ C） Many students turn to their parents for help with everything from roommate troubles to how to improve the paper they e-mailed home. （ D） Not all college students are closely connected w
9、ith their parents. 20 Which has a lot to do with what university administrators and parents alike say has been a big change over the last decade, besides cellphones? （ A） Web access （ B） Stronger presence of parents on campus （ C） Offices created to deal with parents queries and concerns （ D） E-mail
10、 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. 20 College sports in the United States are a huge deal. Almost all major American universities have football, baseball, basketball and
11、 hockey programs, and 21 millions of dollars each year to sports. Most of them earn millions 22 as well, in television revenues, sponsorships. They also benefit 23 from the added publicity they get via their teams. Big-name universities 24 each other in the most popular sports. Football games at Mic
12、higan regularly 25 crowds of over 90, 000. Basketballs national collegiate championship game is a TV 26 on a par with(与 相同或相似 ) any other sporting event in the United States, 27 perhaps the Super Bowl itself. At any given time during fall or winter one can 28 ones TV set and see the top athletic pro
13、grams from schools like Michigan, UCLA, Duke and Stanford 29 in front of packed houses and national TV audiences. The athletes themselves are 30 and provided with scholarships. College coaches identify 31 teenagers and then go into high schools to 32 the countrys best players to attend their univers
14、ities. There are strict rules about 33 coaches can recruit no recruiting calls after 9 p.m. , only one official visit to a campus but they are often bent and sometimes 34 . Top college football programs 35 scholarships to 20 or 30 players each year, and those student-athletes, when they arrive 36 ca
15、mpus, receive free housing, tuition, meals, books, etc. In return, the players 37 the program in their sport. Football players at top colleges 38 two hours a day, four days a week from January to April. In summer, its back to strength and agility training four days a week until mid-August, when camp
16、 39 and preparation for the opening of the September-to-December season begins 40 . During the season, practices last two or three hours a day from Tuesday to Friday. Saturday is game day. Mondays are an officially mandated day of rest. （ A） attribute （ B） distribute （ C） devote （ D） attach （ A） out
17、 （ B） by （ C） in （ D） back （ A） directly （ B） indirectly （ C） apart （ D） indirect （ A） compete for （ B） compete in （ C） compete against （ D） compete over （ A） draw （ B） amuse （ C） govern （ D） handle （ A） spectator （ B） spectacle （ C） spectrum （ D） spectacles （ A） save （ B） saving （ C） saved （ D） to
18、save （ A） flip on （ B） flap at （ C） fling away （ D） flush out （ A） battle （ B） to battle （ C） battling （ D） battled （ A） recruited （ B） reconciled （ C） rectified （ D） reserved （ A） promising （ B） pleasing （ C） prominent （ D） professional （ A） contrive （ B） convince （ C） convert （ D） convict （ A） whi
19、ch （ B） what （ C） how （ D） whether （ A） ignored （ B） neglected （ C） remembered （ D） noticed （ A） offer （ B） afford （ C） award （ D） reward （ A） in （ B） on （ C） at （ D） around （ A） commit themselves to （ B） commit themselves on （ C） commute themselves to （ D） comply themselves to （ A） work in （ B） wor
20、k out （ C） work over （ D） work off （ A） recalls （ B） enlists （ C） convenes （ D） collects （ A） in principle （ B） in confidence （ C） in name （ D） in earnest Part B Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHE
21、ET 1. 40 When I decided to quit my full time employment it never occurred to me that I might become a part of a new international trend. A lateral move that hurt my pride and blocked my professional progress prompted me to abandon my relatively high profile career although, in the manner of a disgra
22、ced government minister, I covered my exit by claiming “I wanted to spend more time with my family.“ Curiously, some two-and-a-half years and two novels later, my experiment in what the Americans term “downshifting“ has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality. I have been transformed from a
23、passionate advocate of the philosophy of “having it all“, preached by Linda Kelsey for the past seven years in the pages of She magazine, into a woman who is happy to settle for a bit of everything. I have discovered, as perhaps Kelsey will after her much-publicized resignation from the editorship o
24、f She after a build-up of stress, that abandoning the doctrine of “juggling your life“, and making the alternative move into “downshifting“ brings with it far greater rewards than financial success and social status. Nothing could persuade me to return to the kind of life Kelsey used to advocate and
25、 I once enjoyed: 12-hour working days, pressured deadlines, the fearful strain of office politics and the limitations of being a parent on “quality time“. In America, the move away from juggling to a simpler, less materialistic lifestyle is a well-established trend. Downshifting also known in Americ
26、a as “voluntary simplicity“ has, ironically, even bred a new area of what might be termed anticonsumerism. There are a number of best-selling down-shifting self-help books for people who want to simplify their lives; there are newsletters, such as The Tightwad Gazette, that give hundreds of thousand
27、s of Americans useful tips on anything from recycling their cling-film to making their own soap; there are even support groups for those who want to achieve the mid-equivalent of dropping out. While in America the trend started as a reaction to the economic decline after the mass redundancies caused
28、 by downsizing in the late 80s and is still linked to the politics of thrift. In Britain, at least among the middle-class down shifters of my acquaintance, we have different reasons for seeking to simplify our lives. For the women of my generation who were urged to keep juggling through the 80s, dow
29、n shifting in the mid-90s is not so much a search for the mythical good life growing your own organic vegetables, and risking turning into one as a personal recognition of your limitations. 41 Which of the following is true according to paragraph 1? （ A） Full-time employment is a new international t
30、rend. （ B） The writer was compelled by circumstances to leave her job. （ C） A lateral move means stepping out of full-time employment. （ D） The writer was only too eager to spend more time with her family. 42 The writers experiment shows that down shifting_. （ A） enables her to realize her dream （ B
31、） helps her mold a new philosophy of life （ C） prompts her to abandon her high social status （ D） leads her to accept the doctrine of She magazine 43 “Juggling ones life“ probably means living a life characterized by_. （ A） non-materialistic lifestyle （ B） a bit of everything （ C） extreme stress （ D
32、） anti-consumerism 44 According to the passage, down shifting emerged in the U. S. as a result of_. （ A） the quick pace of modern life （ B） mans adventurous spirit （ C） mans search for mythical experiences （ D） the economic situation 44 The question of whether war is inevitable is one, which has con
33、cerned many of the worlds great writers. Before considering this question, it will be useful to introduce some related concepts. Conflict, defined as opposition among social entities directed against one another, is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition among social entities independ
34、ently striving for something, which is in inadequate supply. Competitors may not be a-ware of one another, while the parties to a conflict are. Conflict and competition are both categories of opposition, which has been defined as a process by which social entities function is the disservice of one a
35、nother. Opposition is thus contrasted with cooperation, the process by which social entities function in the service of one another. These definitions are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups is inevitable in a world of limited resources, but
36、conflict is not. Conflict, nevertheless, is very likely to occur, and is probably an essential and desirable element of human societies. Many authors have argued for the inevitability of war from the premise that in the strug-gle for existence among animal species, only the fittest survive. In gener
37、al, however, this struggle in nature is competition, not conflict. Social animals, such as monkeys and cattle, fight to win or maintain leadership of the group. The struggle for existence occurs not in such fights, but in the competition for limited feeding areas and for occupancy of areas free from
38、 meat-eating animals. Those who fail in this competition starve to death or become victims to other species. This struggle for existence does not resemble human war, but rather the competition of individuals for jobs, markets, and materials. The essence of the struggle is the competition for the nec
39、essities of life that are insufficient to satisfy all. Among nations there is competition in developing resources, trades, skills, and a satisfactory way of life. The successful nations grow and prosper; the unsuccessful decline. While it is true that this competition may induce efforts to expand te
40、rritory at the expense of others, and thus lead to conflict, it cannot be said that war-like conflict among nations is inevitable, although competition is. 45 In the first paragraph, the author gives the definitions of some terms in order to_. （ A） argue for the similarities between animal societies
41、 and human societies （ B） smooth out the conflicts in human societies （ C） distinguish between two kinds of opposition （ D） summarize the characteristic features of opposition and cooperation 46 According to the author, competition differs from conflict in that_. （ A） it results in war in most cases
42、 （ B） it induces efforts to expand territory （ C） it is a kind of opposition among social entities （ D） it is essentially a struggle for existence 47 The phrase “function in the disservice of one another“ (Para. 1) most probably means_. （ A） betray each other （ B） harm one another （ C） help to colla
43、borate with each other （ D） benefit one another 48 The author indicates in the passage that conflict_. （ A） is an inevitable struggle resulting from competition （ B） reflects the struggle among social animals （ C） is an opposition among individual social entities （ D） can be avoided 49 The passage i
44、s probably intended to answer the question “_“. （ A） Is war inevitable? （ B） Why is there conflict and competition? （ C） Is conflict desirable? （ D） Can competition lead to conflict? 49 In one very long sentence, the introduction to the U. N. Charter expresses the ideals and the common aims of all t
45、he people whose governments joined together to form the U.N. . “We the people of the U.N. determined to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war which twice in our lifetime has brought untold suffering to mankind, and to reaffirm faith in fundamental rights, in the dignity and worth of th
46、e human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations, large and small, and to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obligations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained, and to promote social progress and better standards of
47、 life in larger freedom, and for these ends, to practise tolerance and live together in peace with one another as good neighbours, and to unite our strength to maintain international peace and security, and to ensure, by the acceptance of principles and the institution of methods, that armed force s
48、hall not be used, save in the common interest, and to employ international machinery for the promotion of economic and social advancement of all peoples, have resolved to combine our efforts to accomplish these aims. “ The name “United Nations“ is accredited to U. S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt,
49、 and the first group of representatives of member states met and signed a declaration of common intent on New Years Day in 1942. Representatives of five powers worked together to draw up proposals, completed at Dumbarton Oaks in 1944. These proposals, modified after deliberation at the conference on International Organization in San Francisco which began in April 1945, were finally agreed on and signed as the U. N. Charter by 50 countries on 26 June 1945. Poland, not represented at the conference, signed
