1、国家公共英语（五级）笔试模拟试卷 152及答案与解析 Part A Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE. You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10. 1 （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （
2、A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE （ A） TRUE （ B） FALSE Part B Directions: You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A, B, C or D. You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE. 11 What would happe
3、n if you misuse your eyes? （ A） You may feel uncomfortable in various ways. （ B） You may have to wear glasses. （ C） You can let your eyes rest for a while. （ D） You can go and see a doctor. 12 What is said about the best distance between a book and our eyes when reading? （ A） It is 14 inches. （ B） I
4、t is hard to figure out. （ C） It varies from person to person. （ D） It depends on lighting conditions. 13 What is the talk mainly about? （ A） Good reading skills. （ B） Diseases related to eyes. （ C） Health guides for students. （ D） Proper eye-use in reading. 14 Who is the man? （ A） Student advisor.
5、（ B） Course teacher. （ C） Admissions officer. （ D） Department secretary. 15 Which subject does the student say she was good at? （ A） Computer programming. （ B） Art and design. （ C） Electronics. （ D） Mathematics. 16 What will she most likely do eventually? （ A） Do basic electronics. （ B） Teach Englis
6、h literature. （ C） Produce educational games. （ D） Write computer programs. 17 Which of the following is the acceptable table manner in Britain? （ A） You lift your soup bowl to your mouth. （ B） You make noise when drinking soup. （ C） You shouldnt raise your elbows to your shoulders. （ D） You shouldn
7、t put your hands on the table. 18 Which is considered as a good manner in Mexico? （ A） To put your hands on the table during the meal. （ B） To make noise in eating any kind of food. （ C） To eat your meal quickly and clearly. （ D） To put your elbows away from the table. 19 In Arab countries, what is
8、considered very impolite? （ A） Eating with left hand. （ B） Eating with a fork. （ C） Drinking soup noisily. （ D） Talking while eating. 20 Whats the main idea of the passage? （ A） An introduction of British table manners. （ B） Table manners and enjoyment. （ C） Different countries have different table
9、manners. （ D） The importance and details of table manners. Part C Directions: You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer the questions or complete the notes in your test booklet for Questions 21-30 by writing NOT MORE THAN THREE words in the space provided on the right. You will hear the talk TWICE
10、. You now have 1 minute to read Questions 21-30. 21 一、 Section II Use of English (15 minutes) Directions: Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with ONE suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. 30 Complaining about faulty goods or bad service is never easy. Most pe
11、ople dislike making a fuss. But if something you have bought is (31) _ or does not do what was claimed for it, you are not asking (32) a favour to get it put right. It is the shopkeepers responsibility (33) take the complaint seriously and to replace or repair a faulty article or put right poor serv
12、ice, because he is the person with(34) _ you have entered into an agreement. The manufacturer may have a part to play but that comes later. Complaints should be made to a responsible (35) _. Go back to the shop (36)_you bought the goods, taking with you any receipt you may have. Ask to see the owner
13、 in a large store. In a small (37) _the assistant may also be the owner so you can complain directly. In a chain store ask to see the manager. If you telephone, ask the name of the person who handles your enquiry, otherwise you may never find (38) _ who dealt with the complaint later. Even the brave
14、st person finds it (39) _to stand up in a group of people to complain, so if you do not want to do it in person, write a letter. Stick(40) _ the facts and keep a copy of what you write. (41) _ this stage you should give any receipt numbers, but you should not need to give receipts or other papers to
15、 prove you bought the article. If you are not satisfied (42) _the answer you get, or if you do not get a reply, write to the managing director of the firm, shop, or organization. (43) _ sure to keep copies of your own letters and any you receive. If your (44) _ is a just one, the shopkeeper may offe
16、r to replace or repair the faulty article. You may find this an attractive solution. In certain cases you may have the right to refuse the (45) _ and ask for your money back, but this is only where you have hardly used the goods and have acted at once. Even when you cannot refuse the goods you may b
17、e (46) _ to get some money back as (47) . And if you have suffered some special loss, if for example a new washing machine tears your clothes, you might receive money to replace them. If the shopkeeper offers you a credit note to be used to buy goods in the same shops but you would (48) have money s
18、ay so. If you accept a credit note remember that later you will not be able to ask for your money. If the shopkeeper refuses to give you money, ask for advice from your Citizens Advice Bureau before you accept a credit note. In some (49) _the shopkeeper does not have to give you your money back if,
19、for example, he changes an article simply because you dont like it or it does (50) _ fit. He does not have to take back the goods in these circumstances. Part A Directions: Read the following texts and answer the questions which accompany them by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SH
20、EET 1. 50 Every year television stations receive hundreds of complaints about the loudness of advertisements. However, federal rules forbid the practice of making ads louder than the programming. In addition, television stations always operate at the highest sound level allowed for reasons of effici
21、ency. According to one NBC executive, no difference exists in the peak sound level of ads and programming. Given this information, why do commercials sound so loud? The sensation of sound involves a variety of factors in addition to its peak level. Advertisers are skilful at creating the impression
22、of loudness through their expert use of such factors. One major contributor to the perceived loudness is that much less variation in sound level occurs during a commercial. In regular programming the intensity of sound varies over a large range. However, sound levels in commercials tend to stay at o
23、r near peak levels. Other “tricks of the trade“ are also used. Because low-frequency sounds can mask higher frequency sounds, advertisers filter out any noises that may drown out the primary message. In addition, the human voice has more auditory impact in the middle frequency ranges. Advertisers el
24、ectronically vary voice sounds so that they stay within such a frequency band. Another approach is to write the script so that lots of consonants are used, because people are more ware of consonants than vowel sounds. Finally, advertisers try to begin commercials with sounds that are highly differen
25、t from those of the programming within which the commercial is buried. Because people become adapted to the type of sounds coming from programming, a dramatic change in sound quality draws viewer attention. For example, notice how many commercials begin with a cheerful song of some type. The attenti
26、on-getting property of commercials can be seen by observing one-to-two-year-old children who happen to be playing around a television set. They may totally ignore the programming. However, when a commercial comes on, their attention is immediately drawn to it because of its dramatic sound quality. 5
27、1 According to the passage, the maximum intensity of sound coming from commercials （ A） does not exceed that of programs （ B） is greater than that of programs （ C） varies over a large range than that of programs （ D） is less than that of programs 52 Commercials create the sensation of loudness becau
28、se_. （ A） TV stations always operate at the highest sound levels （ B） their sound levels are kept around peak levels （ C） their sound levels are kept in the middle frequency ranges （ D） unlike regular programs their intensity of sound varies over a wide range 53 Many commercials begin with a cheerfu
29、l song of some kind because_. （ A） pop songs attract viewer attention （ B） it can increase their loudness （ C） advertisers want to make them sound different from regular programs （ D） advertisers want to merge music with commercials 54 One of the reasons why commercials are able to attract viewer at
30、tention is that （ A） the human voices in commercials have more auditory impact （ B） people like cheerful songs that change dramatically in sound quality （ C） high-frequency sounds are used to mask sounds that drown out the primary message （ D） they possess sound qualities that make the viewer feel t
31、hat something unusual is happening 55 In the passage, the author is trying to tell us_. （ A） how TV ads vary vocal sounds to attract attention （ B） how the loudness of TV ads is overcome （ C） how advertisers control the sound properties of TV ads （ D） how the attention-getting properties of sounds a
32、re made use of in TV ads 55 The destruction of our natural resources and contamination of our food supply continue to occur, largely because of the extreme difficulty in affixing legal responsibility on those who continue to treat our environment with reckless abandon. Attempts to prevent pollution
33、by legislation, economic incentives and friendly persuasion have been met by lawsuits, personal and industrial denial and long delays not only in accepting responsibility, but more importantly, in doing something about it. It seems that only when the government decides it can afford tax incentives o
34、r production sacrifices is there any initiative for change. Where is industrys and our recognition that protecting mankinds great treasure is the single most important responsibility? If ever there will be time for environmental health professionals to come to the frontlines and provide leadership t
35、o solve environmental problems, that time is now. We are being asked, and, in fact, the public is demanding that we take positive action. It is our responsibility as professionals in environmental health to make the difference. Yes, the ecologist, the environmental activists and the conservationists
36、 serve to communicate, stimulate thinking and promote behavioral change. However, it is those of us who are paid to make the decisions to develop, improve and enforce environmental standards, I submit, who must lead the charge. We must recognize that environmental health issues do not stop at city l
37、imits, county lines, state or even federal boundaries. We can no longer afford to be tunnel-visioned in our approach. We must visualize issues from every perspective to make the objective decisions. We must express our views clearly to prevent media distortion and public confusion. I believe we have
38、 a three-part mission for the present. First, we must continue to press for improvements in the quality of life that people can make for themselves. Second, we must investigate and understand the link between environment and health. Third, we must be able to communicate technical information in a fo
39、rm that citizens can understand. If we can accomplish these three goals in this decade, maybe we can finally stop environmental degradation, and not merely hold it back. We will then be able to spend pollution dollars truly on prevention rather than on bandages. 56 We can infer from the first two pa
40、ragraphs that the industrialists disregard environmental protection chiefly because_. （ A） they are unaware of the consequences of what they are doing （ B） they are reluctant to sacrifice their own economic interests （ C） time has not yet come for them to put due emphasis on it （ D） it is difficult
41、for them to take effective measures 57 The main task now facing ecologists, environmental activists and conservationists is （ A） to prevent pollution by legislation, economic incentives and persuasion （ B） to arouse public awareness of the importance of environmental protection （ C） to take radical
42、measures to control environmental pollution （ D） to improve the quality of life by enforcing environmental standards 58 The word “tunnel-visioned“(Para 3, Line 2) most probably means_. （ A） narrow-minded （ B） blind to the facts （ C） short-sighted （ D） able to see only one aspect 59 Which of the foll
43、owing, according to the author, should play the leading role in the solution of environmental problems? （ A） Legislation and government intervention. （ B） The industrys understanding and support. （ C） The efforts of environmental health professionals. （ D） The cooperation of ecologists, environmenta
44、l activists and conservationists. 60 Which of the following is TRUE according to the last paragraph? （ A） Efforts should be exerted on pollution prevention instead of on remedial measures. （ B） More money should be spent in order to stop pollution. （ C） Ordinary citizens have no access to technical
45、information on pollution. （ D） Environmental degradation will be stopped by the end of this decade. 60 Human relations have commanded peoples attention from early times. The ways of people have been recorded in innumerable myths, folk, tales, novels, poems, plays, and popular or philosophical essays
46、. Although the full significance of a human relationship may not be directly evident, the complexity of feelings and actions that can be understood at a glance is surprisingly great. For this reason psychology holds a unique position among the sciences. “Intuitive“ knowledge may be remarkably penetr
47、ating and can significantly help us under-stand human behavior, whereas in the physical sciences such commonsense knowledge is relatively primitive. If we erased all knowledge of scientific physics from our modern world, not only would we not have cars and television sets, we might even find that th
48、e ordinary person was unable to cope with the fundamental mechanical problems of pulleys and levers. On the other hand, if we removed all knowledge of scientific psychology from our world, problems in interpersonal relations might easily be coped with and solved much as before. We would still “know“
49、 how to avoid doing something asked of us and how to get someone to agree with us; we would still “know“ when someone was angry and when someone was pleased. One could even offer sensible explanations for the “whys“ of much of the selfs behavior and feelings. In other words, the ordinary person has a great and profound understanding of the self and of other people which, though unformulated or only vaguely conceived enables one to interact with others in more or less
