1、同济大学考博英语模拟试卷 14及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 When youre driving on a motorway, you must obey the signs telling you to get into the right_. （ A） way （ B） track （ C） road （ D） lane 2 You must insist that students give a truthful answer_with the reality of their world. （ A） relevant （ B） simulta
2、neous （ C） consistent （ D） practical 3 The government is trying to do something to_ better understanding between the two countries. （ A） raise （ B） promote （ C） heighten （ D） increase 4 The flicker of impatience in the husbands eyes melts into bemused_as his wife asks for “just a little more time“ a
3、t the mall. （ A） resignation （ B） regradation （ C） retrial （ D） reverse 5 Once the_contradiction is grasped, all problems will be readily solved. （ A） principle （ B） principal （ C） potential （ D） primitive 6 I didnt know it then, but this disruptive way of reading started with the very first novel I
4、 ever picked up. （ A） harmful （ B） persistent （ C） interruptive （ D） characteristic 7 Stop asking all these personal questions! It is bad manners to be _. （ A） inquisitive （ B） impatient （ C） acquisitive （ D） informative 8 Most people dont think of a stamp as a receipt, but that is _ it really is a
5、proof of just how much money you have paid in advance for mail delivery. （ A） what （ B） why （ C） how （ D） who 9 During the reading lesson,the teacher asked students to read a few_from the novel. （ A） pieces （ B） essays （ C） fragments （ D） extracts 10 There are always a lot of straw polls before the
6、general election of the President in the United States. （ A）无效投票 （ B）拉拢选票 （ C）民意测验 （ D）正式投票 11 Although economists have traditionally considered the district to be solely an agricultural one, the _ of the inhabitants occupations makes such a classification obsolete. （ A） productivity （ B） diversity
7、（ C） predictability （ D） stability 12 We were frightened by the_of the crowd. （ A） hospitality （ B） honesty （ C） humanity （ D） hostility 13 What does the author think of society toward motorists? （ A） Society criticizes the motorists severely. （ B） Huge car parks are built in the cities and towns. （
8、 C） Society overlooks their rude driving. （ D） Victims of accidents are nothing. 14 The Federal Communications Commission made an effort to prevent a single giant company from_competition in the market. （ A） entering （ B） evading （ C） squelching （ D） circumventing 15 Anyone who does not speak the na
9、tive language, _ Chinese or English, will be accompanied by a translator. （ A） being it （ B） it being （ C） is it （ D） be it 16 In 1982, Hitachi was indicted for stealing confidential documents from IBM. As part of a court settlement, the company paid IBM hundreds of millions of dollars. （ A） condemn
10、ed for （ B） accused of （ C） disciplined for （ D） disapproved of 17 The victims of drunken driving in America over the past decade _ an incredible 250,000, with three killed every hour of every day on average. （ A） take up （ B） add up to （ C） count for （ D） turn out to 18 The criminal_past a guard an
11、d managed to escape. （ A） stormed （ B） sneezed （ C） sneaked （ D） stole 19 Witnesses who _ in a courtroom must swear to tell the troth when they speak for or against the person being tried. （ A） modify （ B） testify （ C） satisfy （ D） qualify 20 The _ of these good to the others is easy to see. （ A） pr
12、estige （ B） superiority （ C） priority （ D） publicity 21 He was concerned only with mundane matters, especially the daily stock market quotations. （ A） rational （ B） obscure （ C） worldly （ D） eminent 22 We are prepared to satisfy all your _ claims. （ A） legitimate （ B） legible （ C） intimate （ D） legi
13、slative 23 An area of rich forests was _ to life. （ A） advantageous （ B） decorative （ C） attracted （ D） privileged 24 The newly launched satellite is _ from its designed orbit. （ A） deviating （ B） detaching （ C） diffusing （ D） vibrating 25 Although her mind was in a _, she tried to stay calm for the
14、 sake of her children. （ A） solace （ B） yew （ C） capillary （ D） turmoil 26 The weather wasnt favorble and both teams had to _ icy rain and a strong wind during the match. （ A） get stuck in （ B） contend with （ C） take control of （ D） pin down 27 The newly designed zoom has overcome distortion previou
15、sly _ in a zoom of this range. （ A） inherent （ B） genetic （ C） coherent （ D） generic 28 This diploma is important, which_that you have completed high school. （ A） amplifies （ B） certifies （ C） clarifies （ D） magnifies 29 The most interesting new cars may owe_the simple wisdom of hiring a few talente
16、d people and allowing them to work. （ A） less local free-spiritedness than （ B） less local free-spiritedness than to （ C） to less local free-spiritedness than to （ D） less to local free-spiritedness than to 30 It is only with further evolution and refinement that health plan report cards can _their
17、potential and become a distinctive and useful tool. （ A） shed light on （ B） put up with （ C） look forward to （ D） live up to 二、 Cloze 30 One of the basic characteristics of capitalism is the private ownership of the major means of productioncapital. The ownership of large amounts of capital can brin
18、g【 1】profits, as well as economic and political power. Some recent theorists,【 2】 , have argued that our society has moved to a new stage of【 3】 that they call “postindustrial“ society. One important change in such society is that the ownership of【 4】 amounts of a p-ital is no longer the only or eve
19、n the most important【 5】 of profits and influence; knowledge as well as【 6】 capital brings profits and influence. There are many【 7】 with the thesis above, not the least of【 8】 is that wealthy capitalists can buy the experts and knowledge they need to keep their profits and influence. Rut this does
20、not【 9】 the importance of knowledge in an advanced industrial society, as he【 10】 of some new industries indicates.【 11】 , genetic engineering and the new comp iter technology have【 12】 many new firms and made some scientists quite rich. In【 13】 with criticism of the postindustrial society thesis, h
21、owever, it must also be【 14】 that those already in control of huge amounts of capital (i. e. , major corporations) soon【 15】 to take most profits in these industries based on new knowledge. Moving down from the level of wealth and power, we still find knowledge increasingly【 16】 . Many new high-tech
22、 jobs are being created at the upper-skill, low-paying service【 17】 . Something like a caste line is emerging centered around knowledge. Individuals who fall too far behind in the 【 18】 of knowledge at a young age will find it almost impossible to catch up later, no matter how hard they try. Illiter
23、acy in English language has been a severe【 19】 for many years in the United States, but we are also moving to the point when computer illiteracy will hinder many more people and【 20】 them to a life of low-skill and low-paid labor. （ A） quantitative （ B） extensive （ C） comprehensive （ D） sophisticate
24、d （ A） moreover （ B） however （ C） therefore （ D） nevertheless （ A） aggression （ B） proficiency （ C） productivity （ D） evolution （ A） dominant （ B） impressive （ C） magnificent （ D） significant （ A） source （ B） factor （ C） component （ D） element （ A） adequate （ B） profitable （ C） material （ D） spiritu
25、al （ A） advantages （ B） consequences （ C） problems （ D） potentials （ A） them （ B） those （ C） which （ D） that （ A） deny （ B） refuse （ C） admit （ D） acknowledge （ A） emergence （ B） innovation （ C） extinction （ D） discovery （ A） In addition （ B） For example （ C） Above all （ D） In short （ A） produced （
26、B） created （ C） improved （ D） facilitated （ A） line （ B） need （ C） doubt （ D） match （ A） idealized （ B） recognized （ C） supervised （ D） summarized （ A） stepped in （ B） settled down （ C） Cleaned over （ D） mined out （ A） accessible （ B） important （ C） popular （ D） abundant （ A） enterprises （ B） employ
27、ment （ C） professions （ D） industries （ A） control （ B） mastery （ C） search （ D） pursuit （ A） handicap （ B） penalty （ C） inconvenience （ D） shortcoming （ A） enforce （ B） punish （ C） confine （ D） condemn 50 A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in identical
28、ly the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as sacred texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it 【 C1】 _ of a book, and, if a parent can produce 【 C2】 _ in the actual circumstances of the time and the individual child, is an improvement on the
29、 printed text, so much the better. A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or arousing his sadistic impulses. To prove the 【 C3】 _ , one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often guilty of cruelty
30、than those who had not. Aggressive, destructive, sadistic impulses every child has and, 【 C4】 _ the whole, their symbolic verbal discharge seems to be Father a safety valve than an incitement to overt action. As to fears, there are, I think, well-authenticated cases of children 【 C5】 _ dangerously t
31、errified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises from the child having heard the story once. Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear 【 C6】 _ the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered. There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds 【 C7】 _ they are n
32、ot objectively true, that giants, witches, two-headed dragons, magic carpets, etc., do not exist; and that, instead of indulging his fantasies 【 C8】 _ fairy tales, the child should be taught how to adapt to reality by studying history and mechanics. I find such people, I must confess, so unsympathet
33、ic and peculiar that I do not know how to argue with them. If their case 【 C9】 _ sound, the world should be full of madmen attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a broomstick 【 C10】 _ covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their enchanted girl-friend. No fairy story e
34、ver claimed to be a description of the external world and no sane child has ever believed that it was. 51 【 C1】 _ 52 【 C2】 _ 53 【 C3】 _ 54 【 C4】 _ 55 【 C5】 _ 56 【 C6】 _ 57 【 C7】 _ 58 【 C8】 _ 59 【 C9】 _ 60 【 C10】 _ 60 At least since the Industrial Revolution, gender roles have been in a state of tran
35、sition. As a result, cultural scripts about marriage have undergone change. One of the more obvious 【 31】 has occurred in the roles that women 【 32】 . Women have moved into the world of work and have become adept at meeting expectations in that arena, 【 33】 maintaining their family rules of nurturin
36、g and creating a(n) 【 34】 that is a haven for all family members. 【 35】 many women experience strain from trying to “do it all,“ they often enjoy the increased 【 36】 that can result from playing multiple roles. As womens roles have changed, changing expectations about mens roles have become more 【 3
37、7】 . Many men are relinquishing their major responsibility 【 38】 the family provider. Probably the most significant change in mens roles, however, is in the emotional 【 39】 of family life. Men are increasingly 【 40】 to meet the emotional needs of their families, 【 41】 their wives. In fact, expectati
38、ons about the emotional domain of marriage have become more significant for marriage in general. Research on 【 42】 marriage has changed over recent decades points to the increasing importance of the emotional side of the relationships and the importance of sharing in the “emotion work“ 【 43】 to nour
39、ish marriages and other family relationships. Men and women want to experience marriages that are interdependent, 【 44】 both partners nurture each other, attend and respond to each other, and encourage and promote each other. We are thus seeing marriages in which mens and womens roles are becoming i
40、ncreasingly more 【 45】 . （ A） incidents （ B） changes （ C） results （ D） effects （ A） take （ B） do （ C） play （ D） show （ A） by （ B） while （ C） hence （ D） thus （ A） home （ B） garden （ C） arena （ D） paradise （ A） When （ B） Even though （ C） Since （ D） Nevertheless （ A） rewards （ B） profits （ C） privilege
41、s （ D） incomes （ A） general （ B） acceptable （ C） popular （ D） apparent （ A） as （ B） of （ C） from （ D） for （ A） section （ B） constituent （ C） domain （ D） point （ A） encouraged （ B） expected （ C） advised （ D） predicted （ A） not to mention （ B） as well as （ C） including （ D） especially （ A） how （ B） wh
42、at （ C） why （ D） if （ A） but （ B） only （ C） enough （ D） necessary （ A） unless （ B） although （ C） where （ D） because （ A） pleasant （ B） important （ C） similar （ D） manageable 75 Its all annual back-to-school routine. One morning you wave goodbye, and that【 56】 evening youre burning the late-night oil
43、 in sympathy. In the race to improve educational standards,【 57】 are throwing the books at kids.【 58】 elementary school students are complaining of homework【 59】 . Whats a well-meaning parent to do? As hard as【 60】 may be, sit back and chill, experts advise. Though youve got to get them to do it,【 6
44、1】 helping too much, or even examining【 62】 too carefully, you may keep them【 63】 doing it by themselves. “I wouldnt advise a parent to check every【 64】 assignment,“ says psychologist John Rosemond, author of Ending the Tough Homework. “Theres a【 65】 of appreciation for trial and error. Let your chi
45、ldren【 66】the grade they deserve. “ Many experts believe parents should gently look over the work of younger children and ask them to rethink their【 67】 . But “you dont want them to feel it has to be【 68】 ,“ she says. Thats not to say parents should【 69】 homework first, they should monitor how much
46、homework their kids【 70】 . Thirty minutes a day in the early elementary years and an hour in【 71】 four, five, and six is standard, says Rosemond. For junior-high students it should be “【 72】 more than an hour and a half,“ and two for high school students. If your child【 73】 has more homework than th
47、is, you may want to check【 74】 other parents and then talk to the teacher about【 75】 assignments. （ A） very （ B） exact （ C） right （ D） usual （ A） officials （ B） parents （ C） experts （ D） schools （ A） Also （ B） Even （ C） Then （ D） However （ A） fatigue （ B） confusion （ C） duty （ D） puzzle （ A） there.
48、（ B） we （ C） they （ D） it （ A） via （ B） under （ C） by （ D） for （ A） questions （ B） answers （ C） standards （ D） rules （ A） off （ B） without （ C） beyond （ D） from （ A） single （ B） piece （ C） page （ D） other （ A） drop （ B） short （ C） cut （ D） lack （ A） acquire （ B） earn （ C） gather （ D） reach （ A） exer
49、cises （ B） defects （ C） mistakes （ D） tests （ A） perfect （ B） better （ C） unusual （ D） complete （ A） forget （ B） refuse （ C） miss （ D） ignore （ A） have （ B） prepare （ C） make （ D） perform （ A） classes （ B） groups （ C） grades （ D） terms （ A） about （ B） no （ C） much （ D） few （ A） previously （ B） rarely （ C） merely （ D） consistently （ A） with （ B） in
