1、南开大学考博英语模拟试卷 1及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Official figures show that unemployment_in November and then fell slowly over the next two months. （ A） plodded （ B） peeped （ C） plunged （ D） peaked 2 The old lady was immediately sent to a nearby hospital when she_from heart stroke. （ A） passed awa
2、y （ B） passed off （ C） passed out （ D） passed by 3 Her spirits_at the thought of all the work she had to do that morning. （ A） sagged （ B） sacked （ C） saddled （ D） scored 4 Jack would rather his younger sister_in the same hospital as he does. （ A） worked （ B） works （ C） to work （ D） work 5 Jane was
3、badly taken in when she prod $ 300 for that second-hand bicycle; it was not worth （ A） that all much （ B） all that much （ C） much all that （ D） that much all 6 A patient crowd had_around the entrance to the theatre, hoping to catch a glimpse of the stars of the show. （ A） contracted （ B） consulted （
4、 C） contemplated （ D） congregated 7 UN diplomats are suspicious that the countrys_weapons programme may be broader than reported. （ A） frail （ B） clandestine （ C） temperate （ D） fake 8 Fortunately the acting and photography are so good that they somehow manage to_the limitations of the film plot. （
5、A） trace （ B） transcend （ C） tranquilize （ D） trail 9 When the report was published, various environmental groups criticized it for being too （ A） alert （ B） zealous （ C） meek （ D） gregarious 10 Her friends helped her_after her sister was killed in a car crash. （ A） pull off （ B） pull out （ C） pull
6、through （ D） pull on 11 Nells father said to him that he was_dog to learn new tricks. （ A） so old a （ B） a too old （ C） too old a （ D） a so old 12 The skipper was not willing to risk_his ship through the straits until he could see where he was going. （ A） taking （ B） to take （ C） having taken （ D） b
7、eing taken 13 We were running out of money and things were looking_. （ A） grim （ B） glossy （ C） gorgeous （ D） gracious 14 If law and order_not maintained, neither the citizens nor their properties are safe. （ A） were （ B） are （ C） is （ D） was 15 He saw writers and artiste as being important to the s
8、tate for they could_credibility on the regime. （ A） bestow （ B） embrace （ C） disperse （ D） undertake 二、 Reading Comprehension 15 Later the Greeks moved east from Cumae to Neapolis, the New City, a little farther along the coast where modern Naples now stands. We have a very good idea what life in th
9、is sun-splashed land was like during the Roman era because of the recovered splendor of Pompeii and Herculaneum. But as the well-trod earth of Campania continues to yield ancient secrets, Mastrolorenzo and Petrone, with their colleague Lucia Pappalardo, have put together a rich view of an earlier ti
10、me and what may have been humankinds first encounter with the primal force of Vesuvius. Almost all has come to light by chance. In May 2001, for example, construction workers began digging the foundation for a supermarket next to a desolate, weed-strewn intersection just outside the town of Nola. An
11、 archaeologist working for the province of Naples noticed several trances of burned wood a few feet below the surface, an indication of earlier human habitation. At 19 feet below, relicts of a perfectly preserved Early Bronze Age village began to emerge. Over the next several months, the excavation
12、unearthed three large prehistoric dwellings: horseshoe shaped huts with clearly demarked entrances, living areas, and the equivalent of kitchens. Researchers found dozens of pots, pottery plates, and crude hourglass-shaped canisters that still contained fossilized traces of almonds, flour, grain, ac
13、orns, olive-pits, even mushrooms. Simple partitions separated the rooms; one hut had what appeared to be a loft. The tracks of goats, sheep, cattle, and pigs, as well as their human masters, crisscrossed the yard outside. The skeletons of nine pregnant goats lay in an enclosed area that included an
14、animal pen. If a skeleton can be said to cower, the bones of an apparently terrified dog huddled under the eaves of one roof. What preserved this prehistoric village, what formed a perfect impression of its quotidian contents right down to leaves in the thatch roofs and cereal grains in the kitchen
15、containers, was the fallout and surge and mud from the Avellino eruption of Vesuvius. Claude Albore Livadie, a French archaeologist who published the initial report on the Nola discovery, dubbed it “a first Pompeii“. During May and June 2001, provincial archaeological authorities oversaw excavation
16、of the site Mastrolorenzo hurried out to Nola, about 18 miles east of Naples. He and Pappalardo took samples of the ash and volcanic deposits, which contained chemical clues to the magnitude of the eruption. But then the scientific story veered off into the familiar opera buff a of Italian archaeolo
17、gy. The owner of the site agitated for construction of the supermarket to resume or to be compensated for the delay not an unusual dilemma in a country where the backhoes and bulldozers of a modern economy clang against the ubiquitous remains of ancient civilizations. Government archaeologists hasti
18、ly excavated the site and removed the objects. As it turns out, the supermarket was never built, and all that remains of a site that miraculously captured one of civilizations earliest encounters with volcanic destruction is a hole in the ground on a vacant, weed-choked lot, the foundation walls of
19、the huts barely visible. A small, weathered sign proclaiming the “Pompeii of Prehistory“ hangs limply from a padlocked gate. Despite the loss of Nola as well as some other archaeological sites, Mastrolorenzo, Petrone, Pappalardo, and American volcanologist Michael Sheridan triggered world wide fasci
20、nation when they summarized these findings in the spring of 2006 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences(PNAS). But their research went beyond mere archaeological documentation. The Avellino event, they wrote, “caused a social-demographic collapse and abandonment of the entire area fo
21、r centuries. “ The new findings, along with computer models, show that an Avellino-size eruption would unleash a concentric wave of destruction that could devastate Naples and much of its surroundings. In the world before Hurricane Katrina and the Indian Ocean tsunami, these warnings might have soun
22、ded as remote and transitory as those prehistoric footsteps. Not anymore. 16 The site of Nola was compared to Pompeii because_. （ A） they were both reported by French archaeologists （ B） they both gave us a good picture of ancient peoples life （ C） they both existed in the same age （ D） they were bo
23、th in Campania 17 Which of the following statements about the Nola discovery is CORRECT? （ A） The site was discovered by archaeologists extensive study. （ B） It was the first time human encountered the eruption of volcano. （ C） The government had little interest in it. （ D） The site has been practic
24、ally destroyed. 18 According to the discovery of the relicts of Nola, we CANNOT conclude that people in this village_. （ A） made artware （ B） grew crops （ C） tended flocks （ D） lived with their livestock 19 According to the relicts, we can infer that domestic animal died because_. （ A） they were hor
25、rified （ B） they were suffocated （ C） they were killed by their masters （ D） they had no food 19 Hippies were members of a youth movement of the 1960s and 1970s that started in the United States and spread to Canada, Great Britain, and many other countries. The hippies rejected the customs, traditio
26、ns, and life styles of society and tried to develop those of their own. Most hippies came from white middle-class families and ranged in age from 15 to 25 years old. They thought too many adults cared about making money and little else. The term hippie may come from the word hip, which means “tumed-
27、in“ or aware. Hippies wanted a world based on love of humanity and peace. Many believed that wonderful, magical changes were about to take place. They thought these changes would happen as soon as people learned to express their feelings honestly and to behave naturally at all times. Hippies strongl
28、y opposed U. S. involvement in the Vietnam War. Many hippies lived together in small groups, working with one another and sharing possessions. Others refused to be tied down to a fixed job or home. They wandered from place to place seeking part-time work and temporary shelter. Some begged for spare
29、change and lived in the streets or camped in parks or other public lands. Hippies were sometimes called “flower children“ because they gave people flowers to communicate gentleness and love. They let their hair grow long and walked barefoot or in sandals. Hippies attracted public attention by wearin
30、g clothing that featured unusual combinations of colors and textures. A large number of hippies used marijuana, LSD, and other drugs. Drug experiences shaped many of their symbols and ideas. The Beatles, a popular English rock group, helped spread the hippie movement with their song. Hippie favorite
31、s included such other rock groups as the Grateful Dead and the Jefferson Airplane, singers Joan Baez and Bob Dylan, poet Allen Ginsberg, and novelist Ken Kesey. Many hippies admired Timothy Leary, a psychologist who preached salvation through the use of drugs. In time, most hippies realized it was n
32、ot easy to reform society by “dropping out“ of it. Some joined more organized political movements to work for specific social causes. Others turned to spirituality or religion. The majority simply left the hippie stage of their lives behind while trying to hold on to at least a few of the ideals tha
33、t once inspired them. 20 It can be inferred that hippies most want people to be aware of_. （ A） the necessity of being different and independent （ B） the necessity for radical changes （ C） the worthlessness of traditional values （ D） the harm brought by wars to the world 21 Hippies gave flowers to p
34、eople because they_. （ A） wanted a world based on love of humanity and peace （ B） could not find jobs and had to sell flowers for a living （ C） wanted to tell people that they were badly in need of love （ D） wanted to show people that they meant no harm to them 22 From the last paragraph, we know th
35、at the hippie movement finally declined because most of the hippies_. （ A） turned to more active ways to reform the society （ B） deemed the social problems of their time incorrigible （ C） simply dropped out of it as they grew older （ D） gave up some of their original ideas 23 The authors attitude to
36、wards the hippie movement is one of_. （ A） criticism （ B） sympathy （ C） detestation （ D） enthusiasm 23 The Food and Drug Administration said Wednesday that it is trying to track down as many as 386 piglets that may have been genetically engineered and wrongfully sold into the U. S. food supply. The
37、focus of the FDA investigation is pigs raised by researchers at the University of Illinois in Urbana Champaign. They engineered the animals with two genes: One is a cow gene that increases milk production in the sow. The other, a synthetic gene, makes the milk easier for piglets to digest. The goal
38、was to raise bigger pigs faster. There has been no evidence that either genetically altered plants or animals actually trigger human illness, but critics warn that potential side effects remain unknown. University officials say their tests showed the piglets were not born with the altered genes, but
39、 FDA rules require even the offspring of genetically engineered animals to be destroyed so they don t get into the food supply. The FDA, in a quickly arranged news conference Wednesday prompted by inquiries by USA TODAY, said the University of Illinois will face possible sanctions and fines for sell
40、ing the piglets to a livestock broker, who in turn sells to processing plants. Both the FDA and the university say the pigs that entered the market do not pose a risk to consumers. But the investigation follows action by the U. S. Department of Agriculture in December to fine a Texas company that co
41、ntaminated 500, 000 bushels of soybeans with com that had been genetically altered to produce a vaccine for pigs. Critics see such cases as evidence of the need for more government oversight of a burgeoning area of scientific research. “This is a small incident, but its incident like this that could
42、 destroy consumer confidence and export confidence,“ says Stephanie Childs of the Grocery Manufacturers of America. “We already have Europe shaky on biotech. The countries to whom we export are going to look at this. “ The University of Illinois says it tested the DNA of every piglet eight times to
43、make sure that the animal hadnt inherited the genetic engineering of its mother. Those piglets that did were put back into the study. Those that didn t were sold to the pig broker. “Any pig who s tested negative for the genes since 1999 has been sent off to market,“ says Charles Zukoski, vice chance
44、llor for research. But FDA deputy commissioner Lester Crawford says that under the terms of the universitys agreement with the FDA, the researchers were forbidden to remove the piglets without FDA approval. “The University of Illinois failed to check with FDA to see whether or not the animals could
45、be sold on the open market. And they were not to be used under any circumstance for food. “ The FDA is responsible for regulating and overseeing transgenic animals because such genetic manipulation is considered an unapproved animal drug. 24 The 386 piglets wrongfully sold into food supply are from_
46、. （ A） Europe （ B） an American research organization （ C） a meat processing plant （ D） an animal farm 25 The purpose of the transgenic engineering research is to_. （ A） get pigs of larger size in a shorter time （ B） make sows produce more milk （ C） make cows produce more milk （ D） make pigs grow mor
47、e lean meat 26 The 4 th paragraph shows that the University of Illinois_. （ A） was criticized by the FDA （ B） is in great trouble （ C） is required by the FDA to call back the sold piglets （ D） may have to pay the penalty 27 The FDA declares that the wrongfully sold piglets_. （ A） may have side effec
48、ts on consumers （ B） may be harmful to consumers （ C） are safe to consumers （ D） may cause human illness 27 The nuclear age in which the human race is living, and may soon be dying, began for the general public with the dropping of an atom bomb on Hiroshima on 6 August 1945. But for nuclear scientis
49、ts and for certain American authorities, it had been known for some time that such a weapon was possible. Work towards making it had been begun by the United States, Canada and Britain very soon after the beginning of the Second World War. The existence of possibly explosive forces in the nuclei of atoms had been known ever since the structure of atoms was discovered by Rutherford. An atom consists of a tiny core called the “nucleus“ with attendant ele
