1、专业英语四级（文化类阅读理解）模拟试卷 2及答案与解析 0 Lucky Chip. Goodman. The Pantechnicon. Admiral Codrington. Those names should prompt one of two reactions. Either youre completely baffled. Or the next few paragraphs are already covered in a thin layer of drool. The reason? These are some of the best burger joints in L
2、ondon and as such, are subject to the kind of adulation and argument once reserved for football clubs or Romantic poets. If youre unfamiliar with the great burger boom, you may think you know what Im talking about: chains such as Byron or Gourmet Burger Kitchen, which freed us from the limp grey pat
3、ties of McDonalds or Burger King. But the real action is away from the high street, in places that reinvent the burger as an intoxicatingly tender and mind-blowingly juicy trip to gastronomic nirvana. London, in particular, is in the grip of burger-mania. A swarm of bloggers, led by the wonderfully
4、named Burgerac, scour the streets for the perfect patty, with some organising regular tasting nights featuring guest chefs (Im going to one tonight, after six months of trying and failing to book a place). At the higher end, New York super-chef Daniel Boulud sells his London restaurant, not on the b
5、asis of his large collection of Michelin stars, but the promise to serve you the best beef this side of Fifth Avenue. Cynics will say that this is a bubble, fuelled by culinary fashion and/or a recession-induced yearning for juvenile comfort food. But the marvel of the burger is that while it appear
6、s on every menu in the land, the application of top-class meat, top-class bread and top-class cooking turns it into something transcendent. A few weeks ago, I went to Meat Liquor, currently one of the coolest restaurants in the country. Nestled behind Debenhams in Oxford Street, and with a gloomy ye
7、t lurid aesthetic (think torture porn meets country and western), its so achingly hip they dont even give you cutlery, just a great roll of kitchen paper. But as I tucked into the “Dead Hippie“ cheeseburger and sipped a viciously powerful cocktail I felt like I was having a religious experience. The
8、 first commandment? Never eat at Ronald McDonalds again. The best hamburgers, said Mark Twain (or possibly Oscar Wilde), are made from sacred cows. In that spirit, Id like to float the idea that we in Britain have got our dinner parties the wrong way round. In France, I learned recently, they drink
9、the red wine first, before switching to white - reducing both the scale of their hangover, and the nasty stain around the lips. Research published over the new year seemed to bear that out, saying that you should definitely go for white with cheese, because the reds heavy flavour blots out the taste
10、. I sense some rather pleasant experimentation coming on. From The Daily Telegraph, February 6, 2012 1 Which of the following is the reason for the possible reactions to Lucky Chip, Goodman, The Pantechnicon and Admiral Codrington? （ A） They are some of the best burger joints in London. （ B） They ar
11、e adulated and argued like Romantic poets. （ C） They make people completely baffled and confused. （ D） They are once reserved for the famous football clubs. 2 Which of the following can best describe the attitude of the author to fast food chains like McDonalds or Burger King? （ A） positive （ B） neg
12、ative （ C） neutral （ D） indifferent 3 Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? （ A） London people love a lot to eat burgers. （ B） People look for perfect patties in streets. （ C） Tasting nights are now so much popular. （ D） Daniel Boulud failed to win Michelin stars. 4
13、 Which of the following has the closest meaning of “transcendent“ in Paragraph 5? （ A） juvenile （ B） understandable （ C） prominent （ D） bubble 5 Which of the following statements is NOT correct? （ A） The author enjoyed eating the cheeseburgers in Meat Liquor. （ B） It is said that the best hamburgers
14、 are made from sacred cows. （ C） In France people often drink the white wine before the red wine. （ D） The research says people should drink white wine with cheese. 5 The artist Dorothea Tanning has died in New York aged 101. She was the last living member of the surrealist movement, whose circle sh
15、e joined in 1940s Paris. In 1946, she married Max Ernst in a double wedding with the photographic artist Man Ray and Juliet Browner. Their marriage lasted until Ernsts death in 1976. From her first picture, aged 15, of a nude woman with leaves for hair, Tannings paintings, sculptures and drawings al
16、most always depicted the female human form, usually in strange, dreamlike scenarios. By the 50s she had abandoned surrealism in favour of more abstract “prism paintings“. In 2002 she told Salon: “I guess Ill be called a surrealist forever, like a tattoo: D. Loves S. But please dont say Im carrying t
17、he surrealist banner. The movement ended in the 50s and my own work had moved on so far by the 60s that being a called a surrealist today makes me feel like a fossil!“ Her work is in the collections of many galleries around the world including the Tate and MoMA in New York, and influenced artists in
18、cluding Yayoi Kusama and Louise Bourgeois. Tanning found further acclaim late in life through her writing. Her first novel was published when she was 94, while her poetry featured in such eminent publications as the New Republic and the Paris Review. In 2001 she published a memoir of her long and ac
19、tion-packed life. Tanning was born in 1910 in Galesburg, Illinois, moving to New York in 1936, where she saw the MoMA show Fantastic Art, Dada, Surrealism, which persuaded her that there was a place for her work. She went to Paris in 1940, where she met Ernst two years later. She said proudly that h
20、e never called her “wife“, adding “Im very much against the arrangement of procreation, at least for humans. If I could have designed it, it would be a toss-up who gets pregnant, the man or woman.“ As well as painting and sculpture, she designed sets for the legendary choreographer George Balanchine
21、, and a house in the south of France for her and Ernst. Their circle of friends included Henri Cartier-Bresson, Marcel Duchamp, Truman Capote and Dylan Thomas. Though she concentrated on her writing in later years, her work continued to be shown in galleries, and is currently featured in an exhibiti
22、on at Los Angeles County Museum of Art called In Wonderland: The Surrealist Adventures of Women Artists in Mexico and the United States. Tanning would not have enjoyed the title, once describing the term “woman artist“ as “disgusting“. She also said: “Art has always been the raft on to which we clim
23、b to save our sanity. I dont see a different purpose for it now.“ A statement from MoMA said: “We are saddened by the loss of two great artists today: Dorothea Tanning and Mike Kelley.“ From The Guardian, February 2, 2012 6 According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about Dorothea
24、Tanning? （ A） She joined the realistic circle in 1940s in Paris. （ B） She got married in a double wedding in 1946. （ C） Her marriage with Ernst lasted for about 30 years. （ D） Her first picture is of a woman with leaves for hair. 7 According to the first four paragraphs, which of the following state
25、ments is NOT correct? （ A） Her paintings often depicted female human form. （ B） She had abandoned the surrealism by the 1950s. （ C） She much intended to carry the surrealist banner. （ D） Her work is well collected and has great influence. 8 According to the passage, which of the following statements
26、 is INCORRECT? （ A） Tanning published her first novel at the age of 94. （ B） Her poetry was sold as well as famous magazines. （ C） Tanning was greatly inspired by a MoMA show in NY. （ D） Tanning enjoyed being called “wife“ by her husband. 9 Which of the following jobs has NOT been mentioned as Tanni
27、ng once did? （ A） writer （ B） painter （ C） designer （ D） choreographer 10 Which of the following has the closest meaning of “feature“ in Paragraph 8? （ A） to have characteristics （ B） to play an important part （ C） be a special edition （ D） to look like someone 10 When I was 11,I read the Bible cove
28、r to cover. I was not precocious, or particularly religious; there were lots of us bored, bookish children in the 1970s. Television was largely rubbish, and our parents bookshelves were what was left. I thought of this when I heard author Claire Tomalin complain that children are growing up without
29、the skills to read Charles Dickens. As the country celebrates the 200th anniversary of his birth, Tomalin claims that children are not being taught to have the prolonged attention spans necessary for his texts. And she blames this attention deficit on the fact that children are “reared on dreadful t
30、elevision programmes.“ It is true that children have never had more distraction or entertainment to choose from than today. And it is probably true that this generations attention span is shorter; my children have dismissed as “too slow“ or “boring“ most of the childhood books I saved for them. I wa
31、s quite offended by this, until 1 reread some. Because it is not just entertainment that moves at a faster rate. The world does, too. And, frankly, Dickens is dense, and hard work, as are many writers of that era. I read Wilkie Collinss The Moonstone recently. It was like wading through treacle. It
32、isnt surprising that Tomalin stresses Dickenss relevance she is his biographer, after all. But Id put money on it that not many children of my generation read Dickens for pleasure either. It took me years to come to Great Expectations and The Pickwick Papers, and then it was only post-university, wh
33、en I became independently hungry for knowledge. The bald truth is that the travails of Pip have little resonance for todays children, and until they are old enough to understand Miss Havishams tragedy, or the poignancy of the rotting hulls of the prison ships in the Thames Estuary, why would they? D
34、ickens might be one of the greatest creators of characters in English, as Tomalin claims, but I suspect she hasnt read many of the newer creations in childrens literature. Todays children see the pathos in Greg Heffley, the Wimpy Kid of Jeff Kinneys novels. They are fascinated by the pitfalls of the
35、 resourceful Baudelaire children in Lemony Snickets gothic A Series of Unfortunate Events. They can recognise the adolescent dilemmas of Harry Potter. You cant insist that childhood tastes be set in aspic, and the idea that they should mimic some Academie Francaise of literature is dangerous. My mot
36、her encouraged me to read anything my pocket money stretched to six comics on the basis that all reading was valuable, and would act as a gateway to more challenging stuff later on. In turn, I believe that my children will come to the classics when theyre readyprobably when they download them as fre
37、e e-books, like the rest of us. Until then, Ill take comfort from the fact that the 1969 classic The Very Hungry Caterpillar is still the most-read childrens book in Britain, with the average family reading it some nine times last year. It has underdeveloped characterisation, yes, and the vocabulary
38、 is limited. But as a prompt to an appetite for reading, it is priceless. From The Daily Telegraph, February 7, 2012 11 According to Claire Tomalin, children do not have enough attention to read Charles Dickens because_. （ A） children are usually growing up without the necessary skills （ B） children
39、 are not taught to have the prolonged attention spans （ C） children spend too much time on the television programmes （ D） they dont want to be bored or bookish like children in the past 12 Which of the following is NOT true about the fact that many children find the childhood books boring? （ A） Now
40、the children have more distraction or entertainment to choose from. （ B） It is only because that the entertainment nowadays moves at a faster rate. （ C） Children of this generation may have shorter attention span than before. （ D） The children nowadays spend much less time in reading childhood books
41、. 13 Many children of the authors generation read Charles Dickens most possibly because_. （ A） they loved the novels written by Charles Dickens （ B） they were very much hungry for knowledge then （ C） they didnt have many choices of entertainment （ D） charles Dickenss novels are dense and difficult 1
42、4 Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? （ A） Now the children do not understand or like any of the stories in the books. （ B） Dickens is known as one of the greatest creators of characters in English. （ C） All reading is valuable and is a gateway to more challenging stuff late
43、r on. （ D） The Very Hungry Caterpillar is still the most-read childrens book in Britain. 15 Which of the following can best conclude the topic of the passage? （ A） Attention span （ B） Charles Dickens （ C） Childrens reading （ D） Ways of entertainment 15 Can London handle another 300-cover steak resta
44、urant? The Danish restaurant group Copenhagen Concepts which will open a branch of its steakhouse MASH in Soho this November clearly thinks so. The company is convinced that the capitals current bloodlust, its almost insatiable desire for steak, is no flash in the grill pan. Tim Hayward seems to agr
45、ee. Writing in Olive Magazine recently, he identified the Steaka-tioners (a group of moneyed, macho suits who, when they arent studying Meat, frequent Square Mile steak restaurants), as one of Britains most significant new “food tribes“. Not that its solely City slickers who fill the tables at Hawsk
46、moor and Goodman. Nor is the phenomenon confined to London. In Belfast, you can eat steaks from the obligatory charcoal-fired Josper at James Street South Bar & Grill. In Manchester, you could visit Mal-maisons Smoak. Variations on the theme are also emerging, such as Cattle Grid (budget), Bull Stea
47、k Expert (Argentinian) and Cau (budget and Argentinian). MASH, patronisingly, claims that one of its USPs is its female-friendly decor. This rebirth of steak as a popular gourmet product is one of the most remarkable episodes in recent restaurant history. Five years ago, foodists did not get excited
48、 about steak: the only people who ordered it were people who didnt really like food. It was a boring menu staple for risk-averse diners. It was what your dad liked, well-done, and preferably topped with a little rosette of garlic butter, as he had first eaten it at a Berni Inn decades ago. Beef has
49、also taken a pounding in the media. Beef, particularly that from intensively-reared, grain-fed animals is now considered to be one of the least sustainable foods that you can eat. It doesnt come cheap, either. At Hawksmoor, where they use grass-fed British beef, a 10 oz (300g) steak with chips and a side starts at 23. Head over to Mayfair, to Cut and a 10oz, 35 day aged New York sirloin will set you back 38 (pdf), before fries or onion rings (crazily, 7 each). Yet, even in the midst of this grisly recession, steak i
