1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 831及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you
2、 fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task. 0 Key to Good Language Learning To learn a language more effectively, language learners should have access to resources or open lear
3、ning centre with a wide range of materials and develop an autonomous approach to learning. I . Learning【 T1】 _【 T1】 _ A. response of learners how they respond in a【 T2】 _situation【 T2】 _ B. activities they engage in when working with language learning materials on their own II. How learning activiti
4、es are【 T3】 _【 T3】 _ A. four main skills listening speaking reading writing B. two【 T4】 _areas【 T3】 _ grammar -【 T5】 _【 T5】 _ C.【 T6】 _of language【 T6】 _ apologising 【 T7】 _and greeting【 T7】 _ requesting III. Factual information we can learn A. social relationships and【 T8】 _【 T8】 _ the way people a
5、ddress one another how people interrupt, show【 T9】 _, use body language【 T9】 _ B.【 T10】 _, values and attitudes【 T10】 _ how people talk or write C. the differences in how a language is used in different situations for different【 T11】 _【 T11】 _ D. how these uses of language are different from English
6、 from your own【 T12】 _【 T12】 _ IV. Materials and resources that can be used A. the Internet B. foreign【 T13】 _and newspapers【 T13】 _ C. the【 T14】 _【 T14】 _ D. computer-based language learning materials E.【 T15】 _【 T15】 _ 1 【 T1】 2 【 T2】 3 【 T3】 4 【 T4】 5 【 T5】 6 【 T6】 7 【 T7】 8 【 T8】 9 【 T9】 10 【 T1
7、0】 11 【 T11】 12 【 T12】 13 【 T13】 14 【 T14】 15 【 T15】 SECTION B INTERVIEW In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY
8、. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A , B , C and D , and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY seconds to preview the questions. （ A） How to change the situation that some communities are
9、far from grocery stores. （ B） How to improve access to healthy foods in some underprivileged neighborhoods. （ C） Why the neighborhoods with healthy options didnt stop people eating unhealthy food. （ D） How to change peoples eating habits and decrease the obesity rate. （ A） More location. （ B） Cheap
10、food. （ C） Food coupons. （ D） Money rebate. （ A） The local officials. （ B） The State governments. （ C） The NGOs. （ D） The communities themselves. （ A） Building more communities with grocery stores. （ B） Making them accustomed to what they eat. （ C） Trying to change their eating habits. （ D） Getting
11、them to love healthy foods. （ A） Asking supermarkets to change positions of the healthy food. （ B） Attaching special labels to make the healthier food easy to find. （ C） Giving cooking and nutrition tips in local communities. （ D） Finding the difference between urban and suburb eating habits. （ A） P
12、eople with different backgrounds have different understanding of healthy food. （ B） Supermarkets are afraid that healthy food may bring them less profit. （ C） It is hard to trace peoples food choice in small community stores. （ D） People find it harder to preserve the healthier food at home. （ A） So
13、da water. （ B） Chips. （ C） Fresh Spinach. （ D） Ice-cream. （ A） It is cheaper than before. （ B） It is more expensive than the ordinary foods. （ C） It is of the same price as before. （ D） It all depends on what people eat. （ A） People have more choices of healthy food. （ B） People really eat healthy f
14、ood instead of unhealthy food. （ C） There is improvement of overall health. （ D） There are systematic strategies on the matter. （ A） Pessimistic. （ B） Indifferent. （ C） Optimistic. （ D） Wait-and-see. SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS In this section there are several passages followed by fourteen
15、multiple-choice questions. For each multiple-choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A , B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. 25 “I had no idea this was here!“ This is a common reaction when I introduce urban friends to Ladners Delta Street, with its shops s
16、o cute they bring to mind Main Street Disneyland rather than suburban Lotusland. I had the same reaction five years ago, when we moved our sailboat to one of Ladners docks. Tying up the boat next to a waterfront thick with reeds and crowded with birds, I felt as though wed unexpectedly acquired a co
17、untry home. Tucked off the Fraser River, less than 20 kilometres from the dense urban centre of Vancouver, the Village of Ladner has been around since 1873, when a wharf was built so farmers could ship produce to urban markets. The waterfront stayed the centrepiece as the village grew, and even toda
18、y the harbour isnt touristy its jam-packed with fishing boats and tumbledown(摇摇欲坠的 )boathouses. The wharf seems almost reluctant to join the 21st century. This hesitation to move forward is what makes Ladner such a nice place to live and such a surprising place to visit. Its quaintness(离奇有趣 )isnt so
19、mething a tourist board dreamt up. Instead, the village feels like a charming secret. Ladners dykes, as the best place for harbour watching, protect the river delta from floods and double as uncrowded foot paths through forests and wetlands. My favourite is one that heads into Ladner Harbour Park. C
20、ontinue along Swenson Walk, past the pretty Wharfinger office, until you end up at a viewpoint looking out over Ladners busy waterfront. As a connoisseur of small-town museums, Ive visited a few gems over the years, but also taken in some pretty dull exhibits. The Delta Museum and Archives, housed i
21、n a 1912 Tudor-style heritage building, is one of the best. We always head to the top floor, where the waterfront is depicted, then walk our way down through informative displays that highlight the villages history. There are not many places left where you can dance around a maypole after spinning o
22、n a carnival ride. Fortunately, Ladner has kept its 114-year-old tradition of a May Day fair going strong. From the pancake breakfast to the May Day Parade(complete with the crowning of the May Queen), this is the type of small-town fair I loved while growing up, but had thought was long extinct. La
23、dners Village Market happens in the village centre every other Sunday from June through September. Stalls selling the usual array of local arts and crafts line the streets. Live music gives the area a festive air. But its the fresh local produce plump blueberries, juicy tomatoes and new potatoes tha
24、t keeps me going back. With its view of the North Shore mountains and distant high rises, the wooden-decked one-lane swing bridge that leads to Westham Island always transports me to another era. The dreamy mood that the pastoral farmlands evoke is perfect for berry picking at Emma-Lea Farms and exp
25、loring at Westham Island Herb Farm, an organic farm that invites you to stroll through the crops. The view of birds is probably the best known feature of Ladner, and for good reason: the Reifel Migratory(迁徙的 )Bird Sanctuary is an abundant stretch of wetland that serves as a poignant reminder of just
26、 how much weve altered the landscape. Located on a small island at the tip of Westham Island, the sanctuary provides a protected habitat for 287 species of resident and migratory birds. Our favourite time to visit is when the lesser snow geese are migrating(generally mid-October to mid-December and
27、mid-March to mid-April). Its only when you raise your eyes to watch the massive flock lift in unison that you see Vancouver, in the not so far distance. Youre reminded of just how close the city is despite the fact it feels so very, very far away. 26 By saying “I had no idea this was here!“ , visito
28、rs to Ladner mean they didnt expect that_. （ A） Ladner is so close to Vancouver （ B） theres Main Street Disneyland in Ladner （ C） Ladner doesnt look suburban at all （ D） commerce is well developed here 27 Visitors to Ladner can experience the following enjoyments EXCEPT_. （ A） dancing on the traditi
29、onal carnival （ B） purchasing special local crafts （ C） picking up crops on an organic farm （ D） observing migration of bird flocks 28 What has made Ladner so special, according to the passage? （ A） Its quaintness in harmony with modern civilization. （ B） Its sightseeing that cannot be designed arti
30、ficially. （ C） Its unique entertainments that cannot be found elsewhere. （ D） Its complete retention of plain and traditional lifestyle. 28 At the university where I teach, fewer and fewer new books are available from the library in their physical, printed form. And yet, the company that just publis
31、hed my textbook tells me that about 90 percent of students who buy my book choose to lug around the four-pound paper version rather than purchase the weightless e-book. So why would students opt for the pricier and more cumbersome version? Is the library missing something important about the nature
32、of printed versus electronic books? Cognitive research shows that the way we read varies widely in different settings, with text acting as a prompt for very different kinds of mental pursuits. While reading, its possible, among other things, to generate strong visual images based on the text, to mar
33、shal arguments against the authors main point, to speculate about the motivations of characters, to connect the text to personal experiences, to form an opinion, or to notice the sensory and aesthetic qualities of the text, to name just a few. Not all of these take place every time you read, so ther
34、e is not just one activity called “reading,“ done either poorly or well. A growing body of research shows that the same information can trigger very different thoughts depending on the cognitive goals that people have in mind. Readers can be instructed to create vivid imagery or to learn over time t
35、o make deeper inferences, both of which lead to better retention of the material theyve read. And when readers are told to form an impression of people theyre reading about rather than to read for the purpose of memorizing the text, they organize the information from the text less haphazardly and ar
36、e able to recall more of it. Cognitive goals can also be unintentionally triggered by cues that never even enter a readers awareness. So, just as people can be told to form an impression of a character they read about, they can also be prompted to unconsciously pursue the same goal. In one study, re
37、searchers asked people to unscramble sentences that contained words like evaluate, judgment, and personality before reading excerpts about a character. In another, these words were subliminally(潜意识地 )flashed at subjects before they took part in the reading task. In both of these studies, simply seei
38、ng words related to the goal of character assessment affected readers in much the same way as asking them explicitly to judge character. The emerging research on cognitive goals and their triggers offers an intriguing way to think about why reading the same text in different formats or even styles o
39、f presentation might engage the mind in such different ways. A hard-copy textbook including its four-pound heft may serve as a powerful cue that sets off cognitive activities that are very distinct from those that are involved in reading your Twitter feed or thumbing through a paperback romance nove
40、l. Through its lifelong associations with classrooms and the intellectual calisthenics(健美体操 )that take place there, a physical tome may spark a self-analytical frame of mind, prompting you to take stock of your understanding, re-reading passages to fill in gaps, and constantly “ testing“ yourself on
41、 your mastery of the material. The research should also motivate publishers especially of online text to think deeply about how elements of presentation and design can serve as signals to nudge the reader into the mental activities that do justice to the text. For example, an online literary mag tha
42、t looks like a page from BuzzFeed may leave readers with limp, unsatisfying experiences simply because its too hard to arouse the contemplative and sensory goals that lead to properly savoring its content. The magazine needs to signal that a different kind of reading is called for, perhaps by borrow
43、ing some of the elements that poets have long used to cue readers to pay close attention to the language of a poem: stripping away graphic distractions, formatting text sparsely and unconventionally, and surrounding it with generous swaths of empty space. Understanding how reading works means abando
44、ning the idea that the presentation of a text is as inconsequential as whether a plate of food is served with a sprig of decorative parsley. In fact, the packaging of text likely contains rich implicit instructions for what we do with it. 29 It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that_. （ A） proper env
45、ironment contributes to effective reading （ B） people recall their own experiences while reading （ C） reading is a complex of varied mental activities （ D） reading should not be regarded as a cognitive activity 30 What is the role of Paragraph 5 in relation to the preceding two paragraphs? （ A） It p
46、rovides more supportive evidences. （ B） It makes a summary and illustrates the point. （ C） It serves as a transitional part to the next paragraph. （ D） It introduces a new topic for discussion. 31 What suggestion does the author make in Paragraph 6? （ A） Publishers need to pay attention to the impor
47、tance of text formats. （ B） Literary texts should not be presented on websites like BuzzFeed. （ C） Webpages cannot trigger complicated mental activities. （ D） Online texts should be arranged the way like a poem. 32 What is the theme of the passage? （ A） Why people prefer printed version to e-books.
48、（ B） Reading can be more effective by contemplation. （ C） Different goals generate different reading activities. （ D） The way a text is presented really matters. 32 Its widely known that more than half of all corporate mergers and acquisitions end in failure. Like many marriages, they are often frau
49、ght with irreconcilable cultural and financial differences. Yet M&A activity was up sharply in 2013 and reached pre-recession levels this year. So why do companies keep at it? Because its an easy way to make a quick buck and please Wall Street. Increasingly, business is serving markets rather than markets serving business, as they
