1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 765及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 Complete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps below may require a maximum of THREE words. Make .sure th
3、e word (s)you fill .in is (are)both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes. Structure of the Canadian Government Canada is a former British colony. There are many similarities and differences in the political conditions between the two countries. . Both countries have
4、 the same official head of state,i.e. ,【 1】 _ 【 1】 _ In Canada, the official head is represented by a 【 2】 _, who, when heads of state visit Canada, 【 2】 _ will first greet them before they are welcomed by 【 3】 _ 【 3】 _ . The biggest difference between Canada and the UK is that Canada is a 【 4】 _ 【
5、4】 _ 1)Canada has ten provinces and 【 5】 _ 【 5】 _ territories, each with their own government. These local governments all have a great deal of power. 2)Canada was the first political community to combine federalism with a(n)【 6】 _ model of 【 6】 _ government, which is labeled with “strength, order a
6、nd 【 7】 _“. 【 7】 _ . The Canadian parliament consists of the House of Commons and the Senate. 1)The MPs in the House of Commons ale elected to represent different electoral districts ,which are based on 【 8】 _ rather than geographic size. 【 8】 _ 2)The senators am not elected. They are 【 9】 【 9】 _ _
7、by the Governor General to represent the regions more equally. The Senate is 【 10】 _ to the【 10】 _ House of Lords in the UK 1 【 1】 2 【 2】 3 【 3】 4 【 4】 5 【 5】 6 【 6】 7 【 7】 8 【 8】 9 【 9】 10 【 10】 SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and
8、 then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 Before Jose Martinez set up his pizza delivery service, he （ A） tested samples
9、on potential clients. （ B） handed out product questionnaires. （ C） assessed demand in different areas. （ D） trained staff for a few months. 12 According to Jose Martinez, the Spanish fast food business （ A） is different from that of the U. S. （ B） has slowed slightly in its rate of growth. （ C） empl
10、oys an increasing number of women. （ D） is experiencing a hard time. 13 Jose Martinez wants his trainee managers to （ A） develop a competitive attitude. （ B） try out some of the shop-floor jobs. （ C） spend some time working abroad. （ D） own an excellent academic records. 14 Jose Martinez left the fi
11、rst company he worked for because it （ A） set the staff impossible targets. （ B） offered insufficient financial rewards. （ C） provided inadequate support. （ D） offered staff few promotion opportunities. 15 What does Jose Martinez plan to do in the future? （ A） Develop a chain of restaurants. （ B） Se
12、t up a franchise operation. （ C） Expand into the frozen food market. （ D） Open more branches abroad. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10
13、 seconds to answer the questions. 16 Which of the following statements about Ernst and Young is INCORRECT? （ A） Many surveys were launched by the company at the World Economic Forum. （ B） The findings from its survey help people to get a better understanding about Africa. （ C） It investigated hundre
14、ds of companies to know the African business situation. （ D） It predicted that the African economy would be very prosperous in the future. 17 The main cause that makes Africa highly-concerned internationally is （ A） the abundant underground natural resources. （ B） the cheap labor force in manufactur
15、ing industries. （ C） the solid faith in numerous chances of doing business. （ D） the barrier-free trade policies made by the government. 17 Temporary Employment Some observers have attributed the dramatic growth in temporary employment that occurred in the United States during the 1980s to increased
16、 participation in the workforce by certain groups, such as first time or reentering workers, who supposedly prefer such arrangements. However, statistical analyses reveal that demo- graphic changes in the workforce did not correlate with variations in the total number of temporary workers. Instead,
17、these analyses suggest that factors affecting employers account for the rise in temporary employment. One factor is product demand; temporary employment is favored by employers who are adapting to fluctuating demand for products while at the same time seeking to reduce overall labor costs. Another f
18、actor is labors reduced bargaining strength, which allows employers more control over the terms of employment. Given the analyses, which reveal that growth in temporary employment now far exceeds the level explainable by recent workforce entry rates of groups said to prefer temporary jobs, firms sho
19、uld be discouraged from creating excessive numbers of temporary positions. Government policymakers should consider mandating benefit coverage for temporary employees, promoting pay equity between temporary and permanent workers, assisting labor unions in organizing temporary workers, and encouraging
20、 firms to assign temporary jobs primarily to employees who explicitly indicate that preference. 18 The first sentence in the passage suggests that the observers mentioned in line 1 would be most likely to predict which of the followings? （ A） That the total number of temporary positions would increa
21、se as fewer workers were able to find permanent positions. （ B） That employers would have less control over the terms of workers employment as workers increased their bargaining strength. （ C） That more workers would be hired for temporary positions as product demand increased. （ D） That the number
22、of workers taking temporary positions would increase as more workers in any given demographic group entered the workforce. 19 The passage mentions each of the following as an appropriate kind of governmental action EXCEPT _. （ A） encouraging equitable pay for temporary and permanent employees （ B） g
23、etting firms to offer temporary employment primarily to a certain group of people （ C） ensuring that temporary workers obtain benefits from their employers （ D） faciliating the organization of temporary workers by labor unions 一、 PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN) Directions: There are ten multiple
24、-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question. 20 Who was named the “Father of the American detective stories“? （ A） Nathaniel Hawthorne （ B） Herman Melville （ C） Edgar Allan Poe （ D） James Fenimore Cooper 21 Which of the following historical events does NOT directly hel
25、p to stimulate the rising of the Renaissance Movement ? （ A） The rediscovery of ancient Greek and Roman culture. （ B） The new discoveries in geography and astrology. （ C） The Glorious revolution. （ D） The religious reformation and the economic expansion. 23 The first English colony in the New Contin
26、ent was founded at_.Virginia in 1607. （ A） Plymouth （ B） Georgia （ C） Jamestown （ D） Saratoga 24 Speech Act Theory was first proposed by_. （ A） John Searle （ B） Norm Chomsky （ C） De Saussure （ D） John Austin 25 _ refers to the study of the internal structure of words, and the hales by which words ar
27、e formed. （ A） Semantics （ B） Syntax （ C） Phonology （ D） Morphology 26 Which of the following can NOT be the synonym of the word “father“ ? （ A） Old man. （ B） Daddy （ C） Dad. （ D） Parent. 27 Hyponymy _. （ A） is the relationship which obtains between specific and general lexical items, such that the
28、former is included in the latter （ B） is the relationship that stands between “flute“ and “instrument“ （ C） both A and B （ D） none of the above 28 Northern Ireland is well known in the United Kingdom mainly for its _. （ A） political problems （ B） population （ C） land （ D） culture 29 John Miltons _ i
29、s the most famous epic after Beowulf. （ A） Areopagitica （ B） Samson Agonistes （ C） Paradise Regained （ D） Paradise Lost 二、 PART IV PROOFREADING good does not need evil, we owe no debt to demons, and the attack did not make us better. It was an occasion to discover what we already were. “Maybe the pu
30、rpose of all this,“ New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani said at a funeral for a friend, “is to find out if America today is as strong as when we fought for our independence or when we fought for ourselves as a Union to end slavery or as strong as our fathers and grandfathers who fought to rid the worl
31、d of Nazism“. The terrorists, he argues, were counting on our cowardice. Theyve learned a lot about us since then. And so have we. For leading that lesson, for having more faith in us than we had in ourselves, for being brave when required and rude where appropriate and tender without being trite, f
32、or not sleeping and not quitting and not shrinking from the pain all around him, Rudy Giuliani, Mayor of the World, is TIMEs 2001 Person of the Year. 三、 PART VI WRITING (45 MIN) Directions: Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic. 41 Advantages and Disadvantages of Studying Abr
33、oad In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, or
34、ganization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. 专业英语八级模拟试卷 765答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. Whil
35、e listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWE
36、R SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 【听力原文】 Good afternoon, everyone. Today well be continuing our discussion of the Canadian government, with the focus on its structure. As a former British colony, Canadas system of government was based on the British system of parliamentary democrac
37、y. This is often referred to as “Westminster-style“ democracy, named after the British House of Commons. Like other former colonies like New Zealand and Australia, many Canadian laws, political practices and customs were brought from the “Old Country“ and adapted to the different conditions of the n
38、ew country. At first glance, the similarity between British and Canadian political conditions are great; but when we look more closely ,we can see important differences which have arisen from the experience of governing a huge but sparsely populated country. Well divide our discussion into three par
39、ts: the official head, the Canadian system of government and the Canadian parliament. Now, first, the official head of Canada. Like Britain, Canada is a monarchy. The official head of state is the Queen, who is also the Queen Of Great Britain, Australia, New Zealand and other former British colonies
40、. The Queen is Canadas queen in her own right l if, for example, Britain decided to become a republic, the Queen would still be the Queen of Canada. Because she does not live in Canada, she is represented by an official called a Governor General. When heads of state visit Canada, they will first be
41、greeted by the Governor General, before being welcomed by the Prime Minister. Both the Queen and the Governor General occupy roles which are largely ceremonial. Most Canadians would be unable to tell you the name of the current Governor General, or identify him or her in a picture. And while the Que
42、en and her family are regarded with affection by most Canadians, the monarchy as such bears little relevance to the governing of modem Canada. We see that Canada and Britain have the same official head of state. Then, what is special about the Canadian government as compared against the British gove
43、rnment? This brings us to the second pan of our discussion, the system of government. The biggest difference between Canada and the UK is that Canada is a federationthat is, it has ten provinces and two territories, each with their own government, which have joined to form one country. The governmen
44、t of the whole country is referred to as the “federal government“, to distinguish it from the lower level governments of each province. These provinces all have a great, teal of power in relation to the federal government. Canada was the first political community to combine federalism with a British
45、 system of government, a model which was later applied to other areas in the British Commonwealth, notably in Australia, Malaysia, Nigeria and Indialarge countries with powerful regional and ethnic divisions. Canadas founding fathers of Confederation, who, between 1864 and 1867,had to decide what so
46、rt of government the new country was to have, chose the British model of government over the model being enacted in the United States. The American system was characterized by “cheeks and balances“ on political power. In Contrast, the founding fathers preferred the British system because they wanted
47、 a strong central government. The British model offered “strength, order and authority“, which they thought was preferable to the weakness of the American system. In the American system, the President and the Congress frequently battle over policy. Finally, well talk about the Canadian parliament. T
48、he Canadian parliament is divided into a lower house, the House of Commons, and an upper house called the Senate. Canadians vote in elections for people they want to represent them in the House of Commons. These Members of Parliament (MPs) each fill a “seat in the House of Commons, which represents
49、a particular electoral district. Electoral districts are based on population rather than geographic size, so there are more MPs from urban areas and very few from the sparsely settled, wilder regions of Canada. The House of Commons contains about three hundred seats. Because most of the Canadian population is concentrated in Ontario
