1、专业英语八级模拟试卷 434及答案与解析 SECTION A MINI-LECTURE Directions: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture.
2、 When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 0 How to Write a Thesis I. Introduction part writing the (1) after finishing the rest (1)_ including a hook
3、 at the beginning quoting previous research in this field other points 1) an explanation of the (2) of the paper (2)_ 2) enough background knowledge 3) an appropriate recognition of the previous work 4) questions of the thesis 5) the (3) of your work (3)_ 6) guiding the reader verbally 7) making it
4、clear where your (4) starts (4)_ II. Method part information of the (5) of your results (5)_ information to duplicate your experiment limitations, (6) , and range of validity, as well as (6)_ description of your methods III. Result part (7) of observations (7)_ IV. Discussion part starting with sent
5、ences that (8) the most important results (8)_ being a (9) in itself and answering necessary questions (9)_ rich references of (10) work and background (10)_ moving unnecessary material SECTION B INTERVIEW Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answ
6、er the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 11 The woman goes to the man with the aim to （ A） know what to write for the term paper. （ B
7、） know how to narrow down her topic for the paper. （ C） ask if she can hand in the paper later than scheduled. （ D） ask for a sick leave because of her ear. 12 According to the man, to postpone an exam, a student should do all the following EXCEPT （ A） filling in a special form. （ B） giving valid re
8、asons. （ C） talking with the dean of the faculty. （ D） getting the doctors signature on the completed form. 13 The woman has given up the idea of writing about the formation of Death Valley because （ A） the topic covers too much. （ B） she has not done much research on that. （ C） it is rather a hard
9、topic. （ D） she can not find enough references. 14 Which of the following statements about the lab job is NOT true? （ A） The lab assistant is to make preparations for the experiments. （ B） The lab assistant works during the busy hours of the lab. （ C） The lab assistant will work ten hours per week.
10、（ D） The lab assistant sometimes have to work in the morning. 15 From the conversation we can see that the man is_to (with) the woman. （ A） indifferent （ B） instructive （ C） helpful （ D） strict SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully
11、and then answer the questions that follow. At the end of each news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. 16 According to the DNA analysis, most Neanderthals in Western Europe died out as early as （ A） thousands of years ago. （ B） 10,000 years ago. （ C） 15,000 years ago. （ D） 50
12、,000 years ago. 17 According to President Omar al-Bashir, if Sudan splits, （ A） the Sudanese constitution would be changed. （ B） there will be two kinds of laws. （ C） southerners living in the north will remain safe. （ D） cultural diversity will be considered in the law. 18 It can be inferred that P
13、resident Omar al-Bashir is （ A） on the side of the south. （ B） on the side of the north. （ C） neutral. （ D） uncertain. 19 Which film won the best picture at the 84th Oscar awards? （ A） The Artist. （ B） The Iron Lady. （ C） Beginners. （ D） The Help. 20 Meryl Streep won her third Oscar by the role of （
14、 A） an elderly widower. （ B） former British Prime Minister. （ C） an African American maid. （ D） a struggling silent-era movie star. 20 Driving along South Street, where the Los Angeles sprawl meets sprawling Orange County, you enter and leave Cerritos three times. Although the city is confusingly sh
15、aped, it is easy to tell where it begins. Overhead power cables abruptly disappear and run underground. The grass, watered by innumerable sprinklers, is a brighter shade of green. Indeed, a blind man could tell where the boundary lies. Crossing into Artesia there is a bump, followed by a series of c
16、lumsily patched potholes; a few hundred yards later you re-enter Cerritos and the road is smooth again. Cerritos cannot boast a glorious history, old money or natural beauty. Fifty years ago it was a flat area of farmland known as Dairy Valley. These days, “its a terribly unremarkable place on the w
17、ay to Disneyland,“ says Tom Irish, a property developer. Yet this small suburban city of some 55,000 people has become remarkable thanks to superb management and geographical good fortune. It reveals much about why Americas suburbs are so appealing, and how they are changing. Like an increasing numb
18、er of suburbs, Cerritos is both a bedroom community and an economic engine. It began to prosper in the early 1970s when it encouraged car dealers to cluster near the motorway that clips its western edge. Fully 27 outfits now trade there, making it the largest such centre in a car-obsessed state. Cer
19、ritos also has a shopping mall and a “town center“, otherwise known as an office park. As a result, it has far more jobs than working residents. Last year the city collected $483 in sales taxes per person more than the glitzy city of Santa Monica. And it has leased, not sold, its land, so a future s
20、tream of money is guaranteed. What goes on inside the offices seems less important to locals than what they look like. The city has municipal codes to rival those of notoriously staid Irvine, a planned city in Orange County: dont even think about installing a rotating, blinking or oscillating sign.
21、Sculptures adorn car dealers forecourts. Cerritoss busy library is covered with titanium; its Wal-Mart is clad in granite. It has an opulent performing arts centre that will host some 140 impeccably populist acts this year. Building work is underway on the local jail, known for good reason as the “s
22、heriffs hotel“. Although Cerritos has a contract with Los Angeless county sheriff for its policing, it pays for the building and the officers. They have some of the easiest jobs in California. So far this year 53 serious assaults have been recorded, a bit less than one per cop. The city is so peacef
23、ul, says Daryl Evans, the police captain, that gang members from nearby cities occasionally meet there to play basketball, knowing they will not be attacked by rivals. Of course, many American cities have built parks, performing-arts centres and fancy libraries while struggling financially. The key
24、to Cerritoss success may be the timing of its investments. Cities such as Cleveland and Baltimore poured money into museums and other grand projects in the vain hope that they would lure businesses and young, creative folk. Cerritos began by building pipelines and roads, then moved on to business pa
25、rks, policing and schools (including Californias best high school). Only when it was rolling in money did it break out the titanium. Local officials attribute the citys success to fiscal discipline and the ability to follow a long-term plan. That, in turn, is the result of its political culture. Cer
26、ritos has a tradition of powerful, long-serving city managers, to whom local politicians frequently defer. As Laura Lee, the mayor, explains, “There are many things we, as elected officials, do not understand.“ Voters, it seems, like this arrangement greatly. In a 2002 poll, an astonishing 96% of re
27、sidents said they were satisfied with the provision of public services. Such single-mindedness is particularly striking given the citys diversity. In 1980 whites comprised more than half of the population. These days Asians do. Striving immigrants are cause and consequence of the citys excellent sch
28、ools: in Cerritos High School, pupils who speak inadequate English score better in mathematics tests than those who speak English fluently. Yet the newcomers have not formed ghettos. The last census showed that whites and Asians were more intermixed in Cerritos than in all but 16 other American citi
29、es. Whites were even more mixed-up with blacks and Hispanics. These days Cerritos faces strong competition. Its car mall has inspired imitators; as a result, the value of sales has flattened while the number of vehicles sold seems to be falling. As the city ages, public services will come under incr
30、easing strain. Drastic decline is unlikely, but the city may be overtaken though it is almost certain that the places doing the overtaking will be bland, car-oriented and suburban. 21 The word “sprawl“ in the first paragraph indicates that （ A） the landscape of Orange County is of little variety. （
31、B） parts of Orange County extend untidily in different directions. （ C） Orange County is located in a plain of considerable size. （ D） Orange County is located in a mountainous area. 22 Which of the following does NOT serve as an example to show local peoples concern of Cerritoss landscape? （ A） The
32、 local jail known as the “sheriffs hotel“. （ B） Grass watered by innumerable sprinklers. （ C） The library covered with titanium. （ D） The Wal-Mart clad in granite. 23 According to the fifth paragraph, we can infer that （ A） the total number of cops in Cerritos is no less than 53. （ B） gang members o
33、f nearby cities enjoy immunity in Cerritos. （ C） the crime rates in Cerritos are relatively low. （ D） Los Angeles country sheriff is responsible for the expense of policing Cerritos. 24 Which of the following does NOT account for Cerritos success? （ A） Superb management. （ B） Wealth of previous gene
34、rations. （ C） Advantageous location. （ D） Proper timing of investments. 25 According to the passage, what impression can we get on Cerritos? （ A） Its geographic boundaries are of remarkably regular shape. （ B） It is a thriving commercial center rather than a residential site. （ C） It boasts a lifest
35、yle that is rich in art and recreation. （ D） It is one of the most staidly planned cities in the region. 25 At the Prado Museum in Madrid visitors can peer into the past in a new exhibit of 19th century photographs, which show artworks crammed on the walls wherever they would fit. Lithographs, paint
36、ings and plans chart the higgledy-piggledy development of one of Europes best-loved art-treasure troves. Similarly, Londons British Museum opened a new Enlightenment Gallery this year to celebrate the historic role of museums as centers of learning, displaying among other things intricate catalogs o
37、f 17th century botanical specimens. While such exhibits enshrine the past, ambitious new plans for the future are transforming the dusty halls of some of Europes most revered galleries. In Germany, Spain, Italy and Britain, museums are scrambling to create bigger, more-dazzling exhibition spaces, sm
38、art new restaurants and shops, study centers and inviting public areas. The push reflects a shift in how the public regards its artistic institutions. “People want more than the old-style museum,“ says John Lewis, chairman of the Wallace Collection, a gallery of 17th and 18th-century paintings, porc
39、elain and furniture in London, “We are driven to become more an arm of the entertainment and education industries rather than the academic institutions we used to be.“ New galleries will increase the museums current exhibition space to more than 160,000 square meters not including the 13,000 square
40、meters for cafeterias, restaurants, theaters and offices, all linked by tree-lined paths. No European museum expansion is more ambitious than Berlins restoration of Museum Island, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the city center. The $2.1 billion project slated for completion in 2015 aims to turn the
41、 island into the largest art complex in Europe, covering all the major cultures in six museums filling 88,000 square meters. The Alte Nationalgalerie, an ornate classical temple built in 1866, reopened two years ago, displaying 19th-century artists, including German Romantics. Renovation of the neig
42、hboring Bode Museum, with its collection of Medieval and Renaissance art, is well underway, and the Neues Museum is being rebuilt to house Egyptian and prehistoric works. There are even plans to reconstruct the adjacent Hohenzollern Palace to showcase Berlins extensive collection of non-European art
43、. And British architect David Chipperfield has been commissioned to create a striking new entrance to the whole complex. These institutions are hoping to repeat the triumph of Londons Tate Museum, which spent S243 million to convert a disused power station into a gallery of modern art. When the Tate
44、 Modern opened in 2000, director Sir Nicholas Serota described its creation as part of a “sea change“ in culture, with visual arts becoming the most popular creative medium. His remark has proved amazingly prescient: in 2002, the top two attractions among foreign tourists to London were the Tate Mod
45、ern and the refurbished British Museum. A year after the Tate Modern opened, its impact on the local economy was estimated at nearly $200 million far higher than the $42 million the Mc Kinsey consulting firm first estimated the museum would contribute when it developed the business plan in 1996. Sma
46、ller galleries, too, are hoping to cash in. Italian Culture Minister Giuliano Urbani plans to transform Florences charming Uffizi Gallery into a world-class cultural destination. When completed in 2006, the “nuovo Uffizi“ will accommodate 7,000 visitors daily, nearly double its current capacity. “We
47、 will surpass even the Louvre,“ predicts Urbani. Expansion helps show off prized works to maximum effect. In Berlin, collections divided between east and west Germany are being united, and expanded gallery space will allow them to be shown together. The Uffizi renovation will enable some of the muse
48、ums most famous pieces, by Giotto and Cimabue, now scattered throughout the building, to be displayed together at the second-floor entrance. At the Prado, a new lecture hall and temporary exhibition galleries mean the permanent collection will no longer have to be partly stored when short-term trave
49、ling shows come to town. Some purists oppose the idea of turning museums into glitzy consumer complexes. “My reservation is whether we lose that calm and that moment of reflection, that sense of civic space,“ says Tristram Hunt, author of Building Jerusalem: The Rise and Fall of the Victorian City. 26 According to the passage, a new Enlightenment Gallery was held in British Museum to （ A） celebrate the completion of the new galleries. （ B） show the development of the mus
