1、1998年专业英语四级真题试卷及答案与解析 一、 PART I DICTATION (15 MIN) Directions: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passag
2、e will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minute SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Directions: In this section, you will hear several new
3、s items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow. 2 Which of the following statements is TRUE? （ A） Heavy rains and storms caused rivers to overflow. （ B） Flooding forced evacuation in seven counties. （ C） Flooding damaged homes and cut off electricity. （ D） Heavy rains an
4、d flooding kept banks closed. 3 Who is going to make a visit? （ A） The Iranian Foreign Minister. （ B） The Iraqi Foreign Minister. （ C） A senior Iraqi advisor. （ D） A senior Iranian advisor. 4 Australia reacted towards the French test by_. （ A） recalling her ambassador to Paris. （ B） describing the t
5、est as insignificant. （ C） expressing her regret. （ D） expressing disapproval. 5 The Indian police were reported to have discovered_. （ A） a large amount of money. （ B） a large plastic bomb. （ C） similar explosives. （ D） the bodies of many victims. 6 The Senate bill aims to_within the next seven yea
6、rs. （ A） end the countrys huge public debts （ B） cut government spendings on health （ C） end the large budget deficit （ D） cut some educational programme 7 Congressional leaders have to work out a compromise because_. （ A） a similar bill has been passed. （ B） the President might oppose the plan. （ C
7、） the Senate bill was passed by 57 to 42. （ D） the White House is facing opposition. 8 The 6-day negotiations between the PLO and Israel are mainly about_. （ A） the extension of Palestinian self-rule. （ B） the establishment of Jewish settlement. （ C） the arrangement of PLO troops. （ D） the reconstru
8、ction of Hebron. 9 What progress has been made in their negotiations? （ A） Israeli troops can stay on in the West Bank. （ B） Israel has released thousands of prisoners. （ C） PLO and Israel have made a final agreement. （ D） Agreement has been reached on the future of Hebron. 10 The speaker is talking
9、 to a_. （ A） doctor. （ B） pharmacist. （ C） mechanic. （ D） waiter. 11 What is the speakers attitude? （ A） He couldnt agree any more. （ B） He agrees completely. （ C） He agrees partially. （ D） He couldnt stand it any more. 12 How much did Mr. Dawson pay for the sweater? （ A） $30. （ B） $13. （ C） $80. （
10、D） $18. 13 What does staying healthy mean today? （ A） You should often go to a doctor. （ B） Going to a doctor regularly helps. （ C） Keep fit and strong all the time. （ D） You should never go to a doctor. 14 Where is the speaker? （ A） In a bank. （ B） In a restaurant. （ C） In an office. （ D） In a shop
11、. 15 The speaker regretted having_. （ A） missed the game. （ B） gone to the game. （ C） won the game. （ D） missed the bet. 16 What does the speaker think about teachers? （ A） Teachers get much satisfaction from work. （ B） Teachers get little satisfaction from work. （ C） Few teachers are satisfied with
12、 their work. （ D） Few teachers are satisfied with their salary. 17 The speaker is comparing two_. （ A） research projects. （ B） political declarations. （ C） kinds of candies. （ D） political events. 18 Who is the caller? （ A） John Smith. （ B） Max Thomas. （ C） Max Green. （ D） John Thomas. 19 The conver
13、sation takes place between_. （ A） a host and a guest. （ B） two neighbours. （ C） a doctor and a patient. （ D） a hotel clerk and a guest. 20 What did the man do last weekend? （ A） He went skiing. （ B） He studied. （ C） He did nothing. （ D） He did shopping. 21 What do you guess theyll do? （ A） Go to the
14、 class at once. （ B） Make it in the dorm. （ C） Skip over the work. （ D） Find out the assignment. 22 James is going to_. （ A） buy a car. （ B） stay at home. （ C） go to the party. （ D） solve the problem. 23 The man advised the woman to_. （ A） find her way around. （ B） enjoy herself thoroughly. （ C） rem
15、ember her culture. （ D） see the differences. 24 The woman is supposed to be a(n)_. （ A） shop assistant. （ B） job applicant. （ C） interviewer. （ D） receptionist. 25 What did the woman do this morning? （ A） She had the cooker changed. （ B） She had her cooker repaired. （ C） She bought a new cooker. （ D
16、） She returned her new cooker. 26 The woman intends to_. （ A） offer the man a lift. （ B） go with the man by bus. （ C） borrow the mans car. （ D） check if he has a car. 二、 PART III CLOZE (15 MIN) Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. Decide which of the choices given below would be
17、st complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. 26 The way that people spend their money, and the objects on which they spend it, are the last areas where free choice and individuality can be expressed. The choice reflects personal taste, the way people see themselves and the fantas
18、ies they 【 B1】_ about their lives, the restrictions on money available 【 B2】 _ them, the presence of others in the family with a 【 B3】 _ on that money, and the influence of current convention, 【 B4】 _ , surroundings and locality. Shopping is an important human activity. Yet shoppers are 【 B5】 _ with
19、 a confusing situation and a (n)【 B6】 _ changing one. The confusion arises from the claims 【 B7】_ advertising, from inadequate information about new products, new materials, new places to shop-a confusion enhanced by rising prices and a (n) 【 B8】 _ choice of goods than ever before. The search 【 B9】
20、_ the right purchase is based on ignorance of 【 B10】 _ own needs and ignorance of the products【 B11】_ for those needs. When choosing any particular item, there are several lines of communication which might provide some guidance. 【 B12】 _ none of these is entirely satisfactory. For example, you can
21、ask a shop assistant initially. 【 B13】 _ you find one, she may quite 【 B14】 _ not know the answers. She may be a schoolgirl with a Saturday job, or a housewife 【 B15】 _ part-time. 27 【 B1】 （ A） imagine （ B） possess （ C） have （ D） own 28 【 B2】 （ A） to （ B） for （ C） with （ D） of 29 【 B3】 （ A） right （
22、B） demand （ C） request （ D） claim 30 【 B4】 （ A） growth （ B） upbringing （ C） cultivation （ D） expansion 31 【 B5】 （ A） dealt （ B） faced （ C） coped （ D） greeted 32 【 B6】 （ A） suddenly （ B） instantly （ C） rapidly （ D） readily 33 【 B7】 （ A） made by （ B） seen in （ C） hinted at （ D） set in 34 【 B8】 （ A） am
23、pler （ B） larger （ C） broader （ D） wider 35 【 B9】 （ A） from （ B） into （ C） for （ D） with 36 【 B10】 （ A） their （ B） ones （ C） his （ D） her 37 【 B11】 （ A） fitness （ B） use （ C） value （ D） worth 38 【 B12】 （ A） And （ B） Still （ C） Yet （ D） Even 39 【 B13】 （ A） Even if （ B） Although （ C） Because （ D） Whil
24、e 40 【 B14】 （ A） generally （ B） authentically （ C） innocently （ D） genuinely 41 【 B15】 （ A） studying （ B） practising （ C） working （ D） shopping 三、 PART IV GRAMMAR the progress railroads represented was not to be slowed down by requiring them often to pay damages to those unlucky enough to be hurt wo
25、rking for them. 3 Court decisions always went against railroad workers. A Mr. Farwell, an engineer, lost his right hand when a switchmans negligence ran his engine off the track. The court reasoned, that since Farwell had taken the job of an engineer voluntarily at good pay, he had accepted the risk
26、. Therefore the accident, though avoidable had the switchmen acted carefully, was a “pure accident.“ In effect a railroad could never be held responsible for injury to one employee caused by the mistake of another. 4 In one case where a Pennsylvania Railroad worker had started a fire at a warehouse
27、and the fire had spread several blocks, causing widespread damage, a jury found the company responsible for all the damage. But the court overturned the jurys decision because it argued that the railroads negligence was the immediate cause of damage only to the nearest buildings. Beyond them the con
28、nection was too remote to consider. 5 As the century wore on, public sentiment began to turn against the railroads -against their economic and political power and high fares as well as against their callousness (无情 ) toward individuals. 71 Which of the following is NOT true in Farwells case? （ A） Fa
29、rwell was injured because he negligently ran his engine off the track. （ B） Farwell would not have been injured if the switchman had been more careful. （ C） The court argued that the victim had accepted the risk since he had willingly taken his job. （ D） The court decided that the railroad should no
30、t be held responsible. 72 What must have happened after the fire case was settled in court? （ A） The railroad compensated for the damage to the immediate buildings. （ B） The railroad compensated for all the damage by the fire. （ C） The railroad paid nothing for the damaged building. （ D） The railroa
31、d worker paid for the property damage himself. 73 The following aroused public resentment EXCEPT_. （ A） political power. （ B） high fares. （ C） economic loss. （ D） indifference. 74 What does the passage mainly discuss? （ A） Railroad oppressing individuals in the US. （ B） History of the US railroads.
32、（ C） Railroad workers working rights. （ D） Law cases concerning the railroads. 74 1 Hawaiis native minority is demanding a greater degree of sovereignty over its own affairs. But much of the archipelagos political establishment, which includes the White Americans who dominated until the second world
33、 war and people of Japanese, Chinese and Filipino origin, is opposed to the idea. 2 The islands were annexed by the US in 1898 and since then Hawaiis native peoples have fared worse than any of its other ethnic groups. They make up over 60 per cent of the states homeless, suffer higher levels of une
34、mployment and their life span is five years less than the average Hawaiians. They are the only major US native group without some degree of autonomy. 3 But a sovereignty advisory committee set up by Hawaiis first native governor, John Waihee, has given the natives cause a major boost by recommending
35、 that the Hawaiian natives decide by themselves whether to re-establish a sovereign Hawaiian nation. 4 However, the Hawaiian natives are not united in their demands. Some just want greater autonomy within the state - as enjoyed by many American Indian natives over matters such as education. This is
36、a position supported by the Office of Hawaiian Affairs (OHA), a state agency set up in 1978 to represent the natives interests and which has now become the moderate face of the native sovereignty movement. More ambitious is the Ka Lahui group, which declared itself a new nation in 1987 and wants ful
37、l, official independence from the US. 5 But if Hawaiian natives are given greater autonomy, it is far from clear how many people this will apply to. The state authorities only count as native those people with more than 50 per cent Hawaiian blood. 6 Native demands are not just based on political gri
38、evances, though. They also want their claim on 660,000 hectares of Hawaiian crown land to be accepted. It is on this issue that native groups are facing most opposition from the state authorities. In 1993, the state government paid the OHA US $136 million in back rent on the crown land and many offi
39、cials say that by accepting this payment the agency has given up its claims to legally own the land. The OHA has vigorously disputed this. 75 Hawaiis native minority refers to_. （ A） Hawaiis ethnic groups. （ B） people of Filipino origin. （ C） the Ka Lahui group. （ D） people with 50% Hawaiian blood.
40、76 Which of the following statements is true of the Hawaiian natives? （ A） Sixty percent of them are homeless or unemployed. （ B） Their life span is 5 years shorter than average Americans. （ C） Their life is worse than that of other ethnic groups in Hawaii. （ D） They are the only native group withou
41、t sovereignty. 77 Which of the following is NOT true of John Waihee? （ A） He is Hawaiis first native governor. （ B） He has set up a sovereignty advisory committee. （ C） He suggested the native people decide for themselves. （ D） He is leading the local independence movement. 78 Which of the following
42、 groups holds a less radical attitude on the matter of sovereignty? （ A） American Indian natives. （ B） Office of Hawaiian Affairs. （ C） The Ka Lahui group. （ D） The Hawaiian natives. 79 Various native Hawaiians demand all the following EXCEPT_. （ A） a greater autonomy within the state. （ B） more bac
43、k rent on the crown land. （ C） a claim on the Hawaiian crown land. （ D） full independence from the US. 79 1 Human beings have used tools for a very long time. In some parts of the world you can still find tools that people used more than two million years ago. They made these tools by hitting one st
44、one against another. In this way they broke off pieces from one of the stones. These chips of stone were usually sharp on one side. People used them for cutting meat and skin from dead animals, and also for making other tools out of wood. Human beings needed to use tools because they did not have sh
45、arp teeth like other meat-eating animals, such as lions and tigers. Tools helped people to get food more easily. 2 Working with tools also helped to develop human intelligence. The human brain grew bigger, and human beings began to invent more and more tools and machines. The stone chip was one of t
46、he first tools that people used, and perhaps it is the most important. Some scientists say that it was the key to the success of mankind. 3 Since 1960 a new kind of tool has appeared. This is the silicon chip - a litle chip of silicon crystal (硅晶体 ). It is smaller than a finger-nail, but it can stor
47、e more than a million bits of information. It is an electronic brain. 4 Every year these chips get cleverer, but their size gets smaller, and their cost gets less. They are used in watches, calculators and intelligent machines that we can use in many ways. 5 In the future we will not need to work wi
48、th tools in the old way. Machines will do everything for us. They will even talk and play games with us. People will have plenty of spare time. But what will they do with it? 6 Human beings used stone chips for more than two million years, but human life changed very little in that time. We have use
49、d silicon chips for only a few years, but life is changing faster every day. What will life be like twenty years from now? What will the world be like two million years from now? 80 The stone chip is thought to be the most important tool because it_. （ A） was one of the first tools. （ B） developed human capabilities. （ C） led to the invention of machines. （ D） was crucial to the development of mankin
