1、Designation: C 591 07Standard Specification forUnfaced Preformed Rigid Cellular PolyisocyanurateThermal Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 591; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the typ
3、es, physical properties,and dimensions of unfaced, preformed rigid cellular polyiso-cyanurate plastic material intended for use as thermal insula-tion on surfaces from 297F (183C) to 300F (150C). Forspecific applications, the actual temperature limits shall beagreed upon by the manufacturer and purc
4、haser.1.2 This specification only covers “polyurethane modifiedpolyisocyanurate” thermal insulation which is commonly re-ferred to as “polyisocyanurate” thermal insulation. This stan-dard does not encompass all polyurethane modified materials.Polyurethane modified polyisocyanurate and other polyure-
5、thane materials are similar, but the materials will performdifferently under some service conditions.1.3 This standard is designed as a material specification, nota design document. Physical property requirements vary byapplication and temperature. At temperatures below - 70F(- 51C) the physical pro
6、perties of the polyisocyanurate insu-lation at the service temperature are of particular importance.Below - 70F (- 51C), the manufacturer and the purchasermust agree on what additional cold temperature performanceproperties, may be required to determine if the material canfunction adequately for the
7、 particular application.1.4 Tables in theAnnexA1 address requirements of unfacedpreformed rigid cellular polyisocyanurate thermal insulationmanufactured with HCFC blowing agent.1.5 The use of thermal insulation material covered by thisspecification may be regulated by building codes that addressfire
8、 performance.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only and may be approximate.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility o
9、f the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Propertiesof Thermal InsulationsC 168 Terminology Relating
10、to Thermal InsulationC 177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe Guarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusC 203 Test Methods for Breaking Load and Flexural Prop-erties of Block-Type Thermal InsulationC 272 Test Method for Water Absorption of Core M
11、aterialsfor Structural Sandwich ConstructionsC 303 Test Method for Dimensions and Density of Pre-formed Block and BoardType Thermal InsulationC 335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Proper-ties of Pipe InsulationC 390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of ThermalInsulation LotsC411 Test M
12、ethod for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal InsulationC 518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter ApparatusC 550 Test Method for Measuring Trueness and Squarenessof Rigid Block and Board Thermal InsulationC 585 Practice for Inne
13、r and Outer Diameters of RigidThermal Insulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and Tubing(NPS System)C 871 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of ThermalInsulation Materials for Leachable Chloride, Fluoride,Silicate, and Sodium IonsC 1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal TransmissionProperties Under Stea
14、dy-State ConditionsC 1058 Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluating1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.22 onOrganic and Nonhomogeneous Inorganic Thermal Insulations.Current edition appr
15、oved June 1, 2007. Published June 2007. Originallyapproved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C 591 05.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer
16、to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.and Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal InsulationC 1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Mea
17、ns of the Thin-Heater ApparatusC 1303 Test Method for Predicting Long-Term ThermalResistance of Closed-Cell Foam InsulationC 1363 Test Method for Thermal Performance of BuildingMaterials and Envelope Assemblies by Means of a HotBox ApparatusD 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1621 Test Method fo
18、r Compressive Properties Of RigidCellular PlasticsD 1622 Test Method forApparent Density of Rigid CellularPlasticsD 1623 Test Method for Tensile and Tensile AdhesionProperties of Rigid Cellular PlasticsD 2126 Test Method for Response of Rigid Cellular Plasticsto Thermal and Humid AgingD 2856 Test Me
19、thod for Open-Cell Content of Rigid Cel-lular Plastics by the Air Pycnometer3E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE 96/E 96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission ofMaterials3. Terminology3.1 For descriptions of terms used in this specification, referto Termino
20、logies C 168 and D 883.3.2 The term polyisocyanurate does not encompass allpolyurethane containing materials (see 1.2).3.3 The term “core specimen” refers to representativesamples cut in accordance with the sampling procedure listedwithin each property test method.4. Classification4.1 Unfaced, prefo
21、rmed rigid cellular polyisocyanurate ther-mal insulation covered by this specification is classified into sixtypes as follows:4.1.1 Type ICompressive resistance of 20 lb/in2(137kPa), minimum.4.1.2 Type IVCompressive resistance of 22 lb/in2(150kPa), minimum.4.1.3 Type IICompressive resistance of 35 l
22、b/in2(240kPa), minimum.4.1.4 Type IIICompressive resistance of 45 lb/in2(310kPa), minimum.4.1.5 Type VCompressive resistance of 80 lb/in2(550kPa), minimum.4.1.6 Type VICompressive resistance of 125 lb/in2(862kPa), minimum.4.2 Unfaced, preformed rigid cellular polyisocyanurate ther-mal insulation cov
23、ered by this specification is classified intotwo grades as follows:4.2.1 Grade 1Service temperature range of - 70F (- 51C)and 300F (150C).4.2.2 Grade 2Service temperature range of - 297F(- 183C) and 300F (150C).3Withdrawn.TABLE 1 Physical Property RequirementsAGrade 1: Operating Temperature Range -7
24、0F (-51C) to 300F (149C)Property Type I Type IV Type II Type III Type V Type VIDensity, min lb/ft3(kg/m3) 1.8 (29) 2.0 (32) 2.5 (40) 3.0 (48) 4.0 (60) 6.0 (96)Compressive resistance at 10 % deformationor yield whichever occurs first, parallel torise, min, lb/in2(kPa)20 (137) 22 (150) 35 (240) 45 (31
25、0) 80 (550) 125(862)Apparent thermal conductivity, maxBtu-in/h-ft2F (W/m-K),at a mean temperature of:-100F (-73C) .17 (.025) .17 (.025) .17 (.025) .18 (.026) .18 (.026) .19 (.027)-50F (-46C) .19 (.027) .19 (.027) .19 (.027) .20 (.029) .20 (.029) .21 (.030)0F (-17C) .20 (.029) .20 (.029) .20 (.029) .
26、21 (.030) .21 (.030) .22 (.032)50F (10C) .19 (.027) .19 (.027) .19 (.027) .20 (.029) .20 (.029) .21 (.030)75F (24C) .20 (.029) .20 (.029) .20 (.029) .21 (.030) .21 (.030) .22 (.032)150F (66C) .24 (.035) .24 (.035) .24 (.035) .25 (.036) .25 (.036) .26 (.037)200F (93C) .27 (.039) .27 (.039) .27 (.039)
27、 .28 (.040) .28 (.040) .30 (.044)Water absorption, max, % by volume 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.8Water vapor permeability, max, perm-in (ng/Pa-s-m) 4.0 (5.8) 4.0 (5.8) 3.5 (5.1) 3.0 (4.4) 2.5 (3.7) 2.0 (2.9)Dimensional stability, max % linear change158 + 4F (70 + 2C), 97 + 3 % relative humidity 44444440 +
28、 6F (40+ 3C), ambient relative humidity 111111212 + 4F (100 + 2C), ambient relative humidity 222222Closed cell content, min 90 90 90 90 90 90Hot-surface performance, at 300F (149C)BPass Pass Pass Pass Pass PassAThis specification does not purport to address all the performance issues associated with
29、 its use. it is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establishappropriate performance criteria.BPass/fail criteria found in 12.4.C5910725. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for materials purchased under this specificationshall include the following:5.1.1 Designation of this specification
30、and year of issue,5.1.2 Product name or type, or both,5.1.3 Apparent thermal conductivity and specific thicknessrequired,5.1.4 Product dimensions,5.1.5 Quantity of material,5.1.6 Special packaging or marking, if required, and5.1.7 Special requirements for inspection or testing, or both.6. Materials
31、and Manufacture6.1 Unfaced, preformed rigid cellular polyisocyanurate ther-mal insulation is produced by the polymerization of polymericpolyisocyanates in the presence of polyhydroxyl compounds,catalysts, cell stabilizers, and blowing agents.6.2 The material covered by this specification may besuppl
32、ied in “bun” form or finished board stock or specialshapes.7. Physical Properties7.1 Unfaced, preformed rigid cellular polyisocyanurate ther-mal insulation shall conform to the requirements shown inTable 1 or Table 2.7.2 Polyisocyanurate thermal insulation is an organic mate-rial and is combustible.
33、 It should not be exposed to flames orother ignition sources. The fire performance of the materialshould be addressed through fire test requirements establishedby the appropriate governing authority. The manufacturershould be contacted for specific data as fire performancecharacteristic will vary wi
34、th grade, type, and thickness.7.3 Not all physical properties at temperature below - 70F(-51C) have been fully tested, and the user should consult themanufacturer for properties and performance at these lowertemperatures.8. Dimensions and Tolerances8.1 The dimensions shall be as agreed upon by the p
35、ur-chaser and the supplier. Polyisocyanurate thermal insulation iscommonly available in lengths up to 144 in. (3.66 mm), widthsup to 48 in. (1.22 m), and thicknesses from 0.5 in. (13 mm) to24 in. (610 mm).8.2 Insulation Board:8.2.1 Dimensional tolerances for boards shall be as follows:Dimension Tole
36、rance, in. (mm)Length 618 (3.2)Width 6116 (1.6)Thickness 6132 (0.8)8.2.2 Edge TruenessDetermine in accordance with TestMethod C 550.The maximum deviation from the edge truenessshall not be greater than132 in/ft (2.6 mm/m) of length orwidth.8.2.3 Face TruenessDetermine in accordance with TestMethod C
37、 550. The maximum deviation from flatness shall notbe greater than116 in/ft (5.2 mm/m) of length or width.8.2.4 Corner SquarenessDetermine in accordance withTest Method C 550. The maximum deviation from cornersquareness shall not be greater than18 in. (3.2 mm) for allboard thicknesses.TABLE 2 Physic
38、al Property RequirementsGrade 2: Operating Temperature Range -297F (-183C) to 300F (149C)Property Type IV Type II Type III Type V Type VIDensity, min lb/ft3(kg/m3) 2.0 (32) 2.5 (40) 3.0 (48) 4.0 (60) 6.0 (96)Compressive resistance at 10 % deformationor yield whichever occurs first, parallel torise,
39、min, lb/in2(kPa)22 (150) 30 (240) 45 (310) 80 (550) 125 (862)Apparent thermal conductivity, maxBtu-in/h-ft2F (W/m-K),at a mean temperature of:-200F (-129C) .13 (.019) .13 (.019) .14 (.020) .14 (.020) .15 (.022)-150F (-101C) .15 (.022) .15 (.022) .16 (.023) .16 (.023) .17 (.025)-100F (-73C) .17 (.025
40、) .17 (.025) .18 (.026) .18 (.026) .19 (.027)-50F (-46C) .19 (.027) .19 (.027) .20 (.029) .20 (.029) .21 (.030)0F (-17C) .20 (.029) .20 (.029) .21 (.030) .21 (.030) .22 (.032)50F (10C) .19 (.027) .19 (.027) .20 (.029) .20 (.029) .21 (.030)75F (24C) .20 (.029) .20 (.029) .21 (.030) .21 (.030) .22 (.0
41、32)150F (66C) .24 (.035) .24 (.035) .25 (.036) .25 (.036) .26 (.037)200F (93C) .27 (.039) .27 (.039) .28 (.040) .28 (.040) .30 (.044)Water absorption, max, % by volume 2.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.8Water vapor permeability, max, perm-in (ng/Pa-s-m) 4.0 (5.8) 3.5 (5.1) 3.0 (4.4) 2.5 (3.7) 2.0 (2.9)Dimensional s
42、tability, max % linear change158 + 4F (70 + 2C), 97 + 3 % relative humidity 4444440 + 6F (40+ 3C), ambient relative humidity 11111212 + 4F (100 + 2C), ambient relative humidity 22222Closed cell content, min 90 90 90 90 90Hot-surface performance, at 300F (149C)APass Pass Pass Pass PassAPass/fail crit
43、eria found in 12.4.C5910738.2.5 Edge SquarenessDetermine in accordance with TestMethod C 550. The maximum deviation from edge squarenessshall not be greater that116 in. (1.6 mm) for all boardthicknesses.8.3 Pipe Insulation:8.3.1 Material supplied for pipe insulation shall have di-mensions and tolera
44、nces that are in accordance with PracticeC 585.9. Workmanship and Appearances9.1 The polyisocyanurate thermal insulation shall have nodefects that will adversely affect its service qualities.10. Sampling10.1 Unless otherwise specified, the polyisocyanurate ther-mal insulation shall be sampled and in
45、spected for acceptance ofmaterial in accordance with Practice C 390.10.2 Inspection Requirements:10.2.1 The requirements for density shown in Table 1, thedimensional requirements described in Section 8, and theworkmanship and appearance requirements described in Sec-tion 9 are defined as inspection
46、requirements (refer to PracticeC 390).10.3 Qualification Requirements:10.3.1 The physical requirements shown in Table 1 andTable 2 except density are defined as qualification requirements(refer to Practice C 390). Density is defined as an inspectionrequirement.11. Specimen Preparation11.1 A period o
47、f at least 72 h shall elapse from the time ofmanufacture of the polyisocyanurate thermal insulation untilcutting of any test specimens. The core test specimens shall becut from the cores of the test samples as required for testing.11.2 Unless otherwise specified, the test specimens shall becondition
48、ed at 73 6 4F (23 6 2C) and 50 6 5 % relativehumidity for at least 12 h prior to testing.12. Test Methods12.1 DensityDetermine in accordance with Test MethodD 1622 or C 303.12.2 Compressive ResistanceDetermine in accordancewith Test Method C 165, Procedure A or Test Method D 1621,Procedure A at a cr
49、osshead speed of 0.1 in/min (2.5 mm/min)for each 1 in. (25 mm) of specimen thickness. See Note 1.NOTE 1Polyisocyanurate insulation can be anisotropic and, therefore,strength properties can vary with direction. The manufacturer should beconsulted if additional information is required.12.3 Apparent Thermal ConductivityDetermine in accor-dance with either Test Methods C 177, C 518, C 1114 orC 1363 in accordance with Practice C 1045 using the smalltemperature differences indicate
