1、Designation: C1763 16Standard Test Method forWater Absorption by Immersion of Thermal InsulationMaterials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1763; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r
2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method determines the amount of water re-tained (excluding surface water) by flat specimens of thermalinsulations
3、after these materials have been fully immersed inliquid water for a prescribed time interval under isothermalconditions. This test method is intended to be used for thecharacterization of materials in the laboratory. It is not intendedto simulate any particular environmental condition potentiallyenc
4、ountered in building construction applications.1.2 This test method does not address all the possiblemechanisms of water intake and retention and related phenom-ena for thermal insulations. It relates only to those conditionsoutlined in 1.1. Determination of moisture accumulation inthermal insulatio
5、ns due to partial immersion, water vaportransmission, internal condensation, freeze-thaw cycling, or acombination of these effects requires different test procedures.1.3 This test method does not address or attempt to quantifythe drainage characteristics of materials.1.4 The values stated in either
6、SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.5 This standard d
7、oes not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Material And Specimen Character
8、istics that canInfluence Results2.1 The apparent water absorption measured by this testmethod is dependent on the surface to volume ratio of thesample and time of immersion. As such, comparisons betweenProcedures A, B, and, C cannot be made. Cracks in thespecimens and rough surfaces can increase the
9、 apparent waterabsorption.2.2 Some materials tend to collect water on surfaces or totrap water in corners and, if not removed, will give incorrectresults.2.3 Materials that change or react with water can haveincreased (or decreased) apparent water absorption and are notsuitable for use with this met
10、hod. 13.5.1 provides a method forensuring the specimen has not been physically or chemicallyaltered in a way that would invalidate the measurement. Usethis method in cases of dispute.3. Referenced Documents3.1 ASTM Standards:2C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC303 Test Method for Dimens
11、ions and Density of Pre-formed Block and BoardType Thermal InsulationC870 Practice for Conditioning of Thermal Insulating Ma-terialsC1134 Test Method for Water Retention of Rigid ThermalInsulations Following Partial ImmersionE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE6
12、91 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method4. Terminology4.1 DefinitionsTerminology C168 applies to terms used inthis test method.5. Summary of Test Method5.1 Test specimens are conditioned and then immersed inwater for a prescribed amount of time.
13、The amount of waterabsorbed is determined by the weight increase in the speci-mens.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C16 on ThermalInsulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.33 on InsulationFinishes and Moisture.Current edition approved March 1, 2016.
14、Published July 2016. Originallyapproved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as C1763 14. DOI:10.1520/C1763-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, ref
15、er to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States16. Significance and Use6.1 This test method provides a means of measuring thewater absorption of flat specimens of thermal in
16、sulationmaterials under isothermal conditions as a result of directimmersion in liquid water. It is intended for quality control andproduct and material specifications.6.2 The procedure to be used: A, B, or C as well as anyexceptions shall be noted in material specifications citing thistest method.6
17、.3 Repeatability has been established only for one type andsize of material at one immersion duration.NOTE 1Specifications referring to this test method are encouraged toestablish repeatability for specific materials, immersion duration, anddimensions for inclusion in this test method.7. Apparatus7.
18、1 Temperature measuring deviceSuch as a thermometer,graduated in Celsius or Fahrenheit degrees with at least 1C(2F) sensitivity.7.2 Balance, accurate to 0.1g.7.3 Immersion PanA pan or vessel of width and length atleast 50 mm (2 in.) larger than the dimensions of the specimenwidth and length, and of
19、a depth at least 50 mm (2 in.) greaterthan the specimen thickness.7.4 Timing device, such as stopwatch or timer capable of61% of the required immersion duration.7.4.1 Specimen Supports and ConstraintsIncluded in theconstruction of the immersion pan shall be a means forsecuring the specimens in a lev
20、el position, that is, a noncorro-sive support for the bottom surface of the specimens and asimilar constraining device for the top surface for buoyantmaterials. The support and constraining devices shall notcontact more than 15 % of the specimen surfaces. The spacebetween the support and the bottom
21、of the pan shall be not lessthan 5 mm (0.2 in.). The pressure exerted on the specimens bythe constraining device for the top surface shall be limited tothat required to counteract any buoyant force exerted by thespecimens at the beginning of the test. Stainless steel is anacceptable support and weig
22、ht material. An example of asuitable constraining device is a 6.4 mm. (0.25 in.) mesh rigidstainless steel screen.8. Sampling, Test Specimens, and Test Units8.1 Number of specimens, dimensions, and dimension tol-erance of the test specimen or specimens shall be stated in thematerial specification to
23、 follow one of the following proce-dures:8.2 Procedure A:8.2.1 Test specimens shall be 152 6 3 mm long, 89 6 3mmwide, and 51 6 3 mm thick (6 618 in. long, 312 618 in. wide,and 2 618 in. thick)8.2.2 A minimum of two test specimens are required.8.2.3 Immersion time shall be a minimum of 48 h.8.2.4 The
24、 specimen shall be weighed immediately after theremoval of surface water.8.3 Procedure B:8.3.1 Test specimens shall be 305 6 3by3056 3mm(12by 12 in.) with all four edges trimmed square and thicknessrepresentative of manufactured product.8.3.2 One specimen from each of three boards shall betested.8.3
25、.3 Immersion time shall be 2 h.8.3.4 The specimen shall be drained by placing on end for10 min.8.4 Procedure C:8.4.1 Test specimens shall be 305 6 3by3056 3mmby25 mm thick. (12 by 12 in. by 1 in. thick.)8.4.2 Three specimens shall be tested.8.4.3 Immersion time shall be 24 h.8.4.4 The specimen shall
26、 be shaken vigorously thenweighed immediately after the removal of surface water.NOTE 2Procedure A is typically used for perlite block insulation.NOTE 3Procedure B is typically used for cellulosic fiber insulatingboard and polyisocyanurate thermal insulation board.NOTE 4Procedure C is typically used
27、 for polystyrene thermal insula-tion board.9. Precision and Bias39.1 The precision of this test method is based on aninterlaboratory study of Test Method C1763 conducted in2015. Each of ten laboratories tested three different insulatingmaterials. Every “test result” represents an individualdetermina
28、tion, and all participants reported triplicate test re-sults. Practice E691 was followed for the design and analysisof the data.9.1.1 Repeatability (r)The difference between repetitiveresults obtained by the same operator in a given laboratoryapplying the same test method with the same apparatus und
29、erconstant operating conditions on identical test material withinshort intervals of time would in the long run, in the normal andcorrect operation of the test method, exceed the followingvalues only in one case in 20.9.1.1.1 Repeatability can be interpreted as maximum differ-ence between two results
30、, obtained under repeatabilityconditions, that is accepted as plausible due to random causesunder normal and correct operation of the test method.9.1.1.2 Repeatability limits are listed in Table 1 and Table 2.9.1.2 Reproducibility (R)The difference between twosingle and independent results obtained
31、by different operatorsapplying the same test method in different laboratories usingdifferent apparatus on identical test material would, in the longrun, in the normal and correct operation of the test method,exceed the following values only in one case in 20.9.1.2.1 Reproducibility can be interprete
32、d as maximumdifference between two results, obtained under reproducibilityconditions, that is accepted as plausible due to random causesunder normal and correct operation of the test method.9.1.2.2 Reproducibility limits are listed in Table 1 and Table2.9.1.3 The above terms (repeatability limit and
33、 reproducibil-ity limit) are used as specified in Practice E177.3Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and maybe obtained by requesting Research Report RR:C16-1046. ContactASTM CustomerService at serviceastm.org.C1763 1629.1.4 Any judgment in accordance with statements 9
34、.1.1and 9.1.2 would have an approximate 95 % probability ofbeing correct.9.2 BiasAt the time of the study, there was no acceptedreference material suitable for determining the bias for this testmethod, therefore no statement on bias is being made.9.3 The precision statement was determined through st
35、atis-tical examination of all reported results, from ten laboratories,three insulating materials.9.4 To judge the equivalency of two test results, it isrecommended to choose the material closest in characteristicsto the test material.10. Preparation of Apparatus10.1 Fill the immersion pan with disti
36、lled, deionized watersufficient to maintain a 25 mm (1 in.) head of water over thesample surface at all times during the test.10.2 Allow the water to reach a steady temperature of 23 61C (73 6 2F).11. Calibration and Standardization11.1 All measuring equipment shall have calibration certifi-cates th
37、at are current at the time of use of the equipment.12. Conditioning12.1 Pre-condition per Test Method C870. Additionalconditioning, such as heat-soaking, shall be performed asrequired by the material specification.13. Procedure13.1 Measure test specimen dimensions and calculate den-sity per Test Met
38、hod C303. Weigh each specimen to the nearest0.1 g. This weight is the pre-immersion weight, W1.13.2 The selection of Procedure A, B, or C, including theirproscribed sample size and duration of immersion, shall bestated in the material or product specification.13.3 Submerge each specimen horizontally
39、 in the pan under25 6 2mm(16 0.1 in.) of distilled, deionized water.Specimens shall be placed on the sample supports described in7.4.1. For buoyant materials, the specimen constraints de-scribed in 7.4.1 shall be used. If necessary, add distilled,deionized water at 23 6 1C (73 6 2F) to ensure that t
40、hespecimens are immersed to the required depth.13.4 During the test, the immersion pan shall remain in anenvironment with a temperature of 23 6 2C (73 6 4F).13.5 Remove the specimens from the water, drain as re-quired in procedure B or C, then remove any excess surfacewater by light blotting with a
41、paper towel not to exceed twoseconds per surface. Non-rigid materials shall be supported fordraining in a rack such as described in Test Method C1134, Fig.2 and 3, with solid contact between the rack and specimen lessthan 15% in surface area.After draining and removal of surfacewater, immediately we
42、igh each specimen to the nearest 0.1 g.This weight is the weight after immersion, W2.13.5.1 Some insulation materials are either friable or reac-tive with water or both as described in 2.3. In cases of dispute,the following procedure shall be performed. After waterabsorption testing, the specimens s
43、hall be dried in a dryingoven at 50 6 2C (120 6 5F). The specimens shall beconditioned until constant mass is achieved. Constant mass isreached when consecutive weighings of the test specimens,taken at a minimum of 2 h apart, result in a weight change ofnot more than 0.2 %. The final specimen weight
44、 must not differfrom the initial specimen weight by more than 5%. Thepurpose of this final requirement is to ensure the specimen hasnot undergone physical changes (such as breakage) or chemicalchanges that would invalidate the measurement.14. Calculation or Interpretation of Results14.1 Definitions
45、of Symbols:t = specimen height, cm (in.)l = specimen length, cm (in.)TABLE 1 Water Absorbed by Weight (%)Material AverageARepeatabilityStandardDeviationReproducibilityStandardDeviationRepeatabilityLimitReproducibilityLimitxsrsRrRProcedure A:Perlite block insulation43.89 2.93 3.91 8.19 10.96AThe aver
46、age of the laboratories calculated averages.TABLE 2 Water Absorbed by Volume (%) Individual ReadingsMaterial AverageARepeatabilityStandardDeviationReproducibilityStandardDeviationRepeatabilityLimitReproducibilityLimitxsrsRrRProcedure B:Polyiso rigidfoam board1.18 0.06 0.10 0.16 0.29Procedure C:XPS f
47、oamboard0.18 0.03 0.08 0.08 0.22AThe average of the laboratories calculated averages.C1763 163w = specimen width, cm (in.)V = specimen volume, cm3(in.3)W1= pre-immersion weight of the specimen, g.W2= specimen weight after immersion, draining “r”istheinterval representing the critical difference betw
48、een two testresults for the same material, obtained by the same operatorusing the same equipment on the same day in the samelaboratory.16.1.2 Repeatability limits are listed in Tables 3-5.16.1.3 Reproducibility limit (R)Two test results shall bejudged not equivalent if they differ by more than the “
49、R” valuefor that material; “R” is the interval representing the criticaldifference between two test results for the same material,obtained by different operators using different equipment indifferent laboratories.16.1.4 Reproducibility limits cannot be calculated from asingle laboratorys results.16.1.5 The above terms (repeatability limit and reproduc-ibility limit) are used as specified in Practice E177.16.1.6 Any judgment in accordance with statements 16.1.1and 16.1.2 would normally have an approximate 95 % prob-ability of being correct, howeve
