1、Designation: C 1077 07Standard Practice forLaboratories Testing Concrete and Concrete Aggregates forUse in Construction and Criteria for Laboratory Evaluation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1077; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal ad
2、option or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
3、1. Scope*1.1 This practice identifies and defines the duties, responsi-bilities, and minimum technical requirements of testing labo-ratory personnel and the minimum technical requirements forlaboratory equipment utilized in testing concrete and concreteaggregates for use in construction.1.2 This pra
4、ctice provides criteria for the evaluation of thecapability of a testing laboratory to perform designated ASTMtest methods on concrete and concrete aggregates. It can beused by an evaluation authority in the inspection or accredita-tion of a laboratory or by other parties to determine if thelaborato
5、ry is qualified to conduct the specified tests.NOTE 1Specification E 329 provides criteria for the evaluation oflaboratories that perform the inspection of concrete during placement.1.3 If the laboratory requires external technical services toconduct tests, the external agency shall be subject to se
6、parateevaluation.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to us
7、e.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 31/C 31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete TestSpecimens in the FieldC 39/C 39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cy-lindrical Concrete SpecimensC40 Test Method for Organic Impurities in Fine Aggre-gates for ConcreteC117 Test Method for Mate
8、rials Finer than 75-m (No.200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by WashingC 125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and ConcreteAggregatesC 127 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (SpecificGravity), and Absorption of Coarse AggregateC 128 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (SpecificGravity), an
9、d Absorption of Fine AggregateC 136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and CoarseAggregatesC 138/C 138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight),Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of ConcreteC 143/C 143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement ConcreteC 172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed C
10、oncreteC 173/C 173M Test Method for Air Content of FreshlyMixed Concrete by the Volumetric MethodC 231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly MixedConcrete by the Pressure MethodC 617 Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Speci-mensC 802 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Test Pro-gram t
11、o Determine the Precision of Test Methods forConstruction MaterialsC 1064/C 1064M Test Method for Temperature of FreshlyMixed Hydraulic-Cement ConcreteC 1231/C 1231M Practice for Use of Unbonded Caps inDetermination of Compressive Strength of Hardened Con-crete CylindersD75 Practice for Sampling Agg
12、regatesD 2419 Test Method for Sand Equivalent Value of Soils andFine AggregateE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE11 Specification for Wire Cloth and Sieves for TestingPurposesE 329 Specification for Agencies Engaged in ConstructionInspection and/or Testing1This practice is under
13、 the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concreteand ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.98 onEvaluation of Laboratories.Current edition approved July 15, 2007. Published August 2007. Originallyapproved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as C 1077 0
14、6a.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this
15、standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.E 1301 Guide for Proficiency Testing by InterlaboratoryComparisons2.2 ACI Standards:ACI 214-77 Recommended Practice for Evaluation ofStrength Test Results of Concrete3SP-19 (116
16、R) Cement and Concrete Terminology33. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 evaluation authority, nan independent entity, apartfrom the testing laboratory being evaluated, that has thecapability to provide an unbiased evaluation of the professionaland technical activities of concrete and concrete aggrega
17、testesting laboratories.3.1.1.1 DiscussionTwo acceptable methods of evaluationare inspection and accreditation, and these evaluations areoffered by many evaluation authorities. An inspection is anevaluation of equipment and procedures based on the TestMethods and Procedures section, along with a rev
18、iew of thequality system. An inspection report is the final step in theprocess for an inspection agency. The testing laboratory beingevaluated performs corrective actions for any deficienciesnoted, and these corrections are to be placed with the otherinspection documentation as part of the permanent
19、 record ofthe inspection. An accreditation agency uses the results of theinspection report or the results of their own onsite assessmentas one phase of the accreditation process. As a separate phase,the accreditation agency also reviews the testing laboratoryscorrective actions for the deficiencies
20、noted and issues acertificate of accreditation once all of the deficiencies havebeen corrected. There is no universally accepted evaluationauthority in the construction materials testing field; therefore,testing laboratories should give careful consideration whenselecting an evaluation authority to
21、gain the most benefit fromthe evaluation. In most cases, a testing laboratory will select anevaluation authority as a result of requirements in a projectspecification, or contract, or in response to local codes, or otherindustry requirements. In those circumstances, the require-ments will stipulate
22、the acceptable evaluation authorities. Ifthere are no specific requirements and the evaluation is inanticipation of future work or to compete with other localtesting laboratories, then the laboratory should contact theorganization(s) most likely to use their services for a list ofacceptable evaluati
23、on authorities.3.1.2 external technical services, nthose services requiredby a testing laboratory that are provided by another organiza-tion.3.1.3 field technician, nan employee of the laboratorywho is assigned to perform sampling and testing functionsoutside the laboratory.3.1.4 laboratory technici
24、an, nan employee of the labora-tory who is assigned to perform the actual testing operationsprimarily conducted in the laboratory.3.1.5 quality systems, nthose internal procedures andpractices that a laboratory utilizes to ensure continued compli-ance with applicable testing standards for concrete a
25、nd con-crete aggregates.3.1.6 testing laboratory, nan organization that measures,examines, performs tests, or otherwise determines the charac-teristics or performance of materials or products. This mayinclude organizations that offer commercial testing services, anin-house quality control function,
26、an academic institution, orany other organization providing the required testing services.3.1.7 Additional definitions can be found in TerminologyC 125, Practices E4, and ACI SP-19.4. Significance and Use4.1 The testing and inspection of concrete and concreteaggregates are important elements in obta
27、ining quality con-struction. A testing laboratory specializing in these servicesmust be selected with care.4.2 A testing laboratory shall be deemed qualified to per-form and report the results of its tests if the laboratory meetsthe requirements of this practice. The testing laboratory ser-vices sha
28、ll be provided under the technical direction of aregistered professional engineer.4.3 This practice establishes essential characteristics per-taining to the organization, personnel, facilities, and qualitysystems of the laboratory. This practice may be supplementedby more specific criteria and requi
29、rements for particularprojects.5. Organization5.1 The following information shall be readily available forreview:5.1.1 Description of the organization, including:5.1.1.1 Complete legal name and address of the main officeand each laboratory location,5.1.1.2 Names and positions of the principal office
30、rs and theresponsible, registered professional engineer in charge, and5.1.1.3 Description of the organization management struc-ture.5.1.2 Listing of the relevant technical services offered, and5.1.3 All external technical services normally utilized.5.2 The laboratory shall designate an individual wi
31、th accessto management who has the responsibility of seeing thatprocedures required in this document are being carried out.6. Human Resources6.1 Information shall be made available to substantiatepersonnel qualifications as follows:6.1.1 All relevant testing services are provided under thefull-time
32、technical direction of a registered professional engi-neer with at least 5 years experience in construction materialstesting.6.1.2 Supervising laboratory technicians shall possess aminimum of 3 years relevant experience and current techniciancertification. The technician certification program must i
33、ncludea written examination and performance evaluation of relevanttests. Relevant tests that must be covered by the certificationprogram are: Practice C 31/C 31M, Test Methods C 39/C 39M,3Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, FarmingtonHills, MI 48333-9094, http:/www.aci-i
34、nt.org.C1077072C40, C117, C 127, C 128, C 136, C 138/C 138M, C 143/C 143M, Practice C 172, Test Methods C 173/C 173M, C 231,and Test Method C 1064/C 1064M. In cases where the super-vising laboratory technician is supervising technicians whoonly test concrete, the applicable relevant tests are the co
35、ncretetests listed in the group. Where the supervising laboratorytechnician is supervising technicians who only test aggregates,the applicable relevant tests are the aggregate tests listed in thegroup. The certification requirement is satisfied by beingcertified as (1) both an ACI Concrete Laborator
36、y TestingTechnician-Grade 1 and an ACI Concrete Field TestingTechnician-Grade 1, or (2) a NICET Construction MaterialsTesting - Concrete Level 1 Engineering Technician or higher,or (3) by an equivalent certification program.6.1.3 Supervising field technicians shall possess a minimumof 3 years releva
37、nt experience and current technician certifi-cation. The technician certification program must include awritten examination and performance evaluation of relevanttests. Relevant tests which must be covered by the certificationprogram are: Practice C 31/C 31M, Test Methods C 138/C 138M, C 143/C 143M,
38、 Practice C 172, Test Methods C 173/C 173M, C 231, and C 1064/C 1064M. The certification re-quirement is satisfied by being certified as (1) an ACI ConcreteField Testing Technician-Grade 1, or (2) a NICET ConstructionMaterials Testing-Concrete at Level 1 Engineering Technicianor higher, or (3) by an
39、 equivalent certification program.6.1.4 Concrete laboratory technicians shall possess currenttechnician certification. The technician program must include awritten examination and performance evaluation of relevanttests. Relevant tests which must be covered by the certificationprogram are: Test Meth
40、od C 39/C 39M and Practice C 617 orC 1231/C 1231M. The certification requirement is satisfied bybeing certified as (1) an ACI Concrete Laboratory TestingTechnician-Grade 1 or (2) an ACI Concrete Strength TestingTechnician, or (3) a NICET Construction Materials Testing-Concrete Level 1 Engineering Te
41、chnician or higher, or (4)byan equivalent certification program.6.1.5 Aggregate laboratory technicians shall possess currenttechnician certification. The technician certification programmust include a written examination and performance evalua-tion of relevant tests. Relevant tests which must be cov
42、ered bythe certification program are: Test Methods C40, C117,C 127, C 128, and C 136. The certification requirement issatisfied by being certified as (1) an ACI Concrete LaboratoryTesting Technician-Grade 1, or (2) a NICET ConstructionMaterials Testing-Concrete Level 1 Engineering Technician orhighe
43、r, or (3) by an equivalent certification program.6.1.6 Concrete field technicians shall possess current tech-nician certification. This technician certification program mustinclude a written examination and performance evaluation ofrelevant tests. Relevant tests which must be covered by thecertifica
44、tion program are: Practice C 31/C 31M, Test MethodsC 138/C 138M, C 143/C 143M, Practice C 172, Test MethodsC 173/C 173M, C 231, and C 1064/C 1064M. The certificationrequirement is satisfied by being certified as (1) an ACIConcrete Field Testing Technician-Grade 1, or (2) a NICETConstruction Material
45、s Testing-Concrete Level 1 EngineeringTechnician or higher, or (3) by an equivalent certificationprogram.6.1.7 Equivalency of other certification programs not listedin the Human Resources Section shall be determined by anevaluation authority. The following criteria shall be used in thedetermination:
46、6.1.7.1 The written examination shall be of sufficient lengthand detail to cover the entire test method,6.1.7.2 The performance evaluation shall adequately coverprocedures of the test method, and6.1.7.3 The written examination and performance evalua-tion shall include all relevant test methods which
47、 are listed inthe section above for the type of technician being certified.7. Test Methods and Procedures7.1 The testing laboratory shall be capable of performingthe required ASTM test methods, guides, or practices in 7.2and may request additional evaluation for the optional methodsin 7.3 to the ext
48、ent that those services are provided by thelaboratory.7.2 Required Test Methods and Practices:7.2.1 For Laboratories Testing Concrete:7.2.1.1 Sampling, Practice C 172,7.2.1.2 Slump, Test Method C 143/C 143M,7.2.1.3 Unit Weight, Yield, and Air Content, Test MethodC 138/C 138M,7.2.1.4 Air Content, Tes
49、t Method C 173/C 173M (volumet-ric method), or Test Method C 231 (pressure method), or both.7.2.1.5 Temperature, Test Method C 1064/C 1064M,7.2.1.6 Making and Curing Test Specimens, Practice C 31/C 31M,7.2.1.7 Compressive Strength, Test Method C 39/C 39M,7.2.2 For Laboratories Testing Concrete Aggregates:7.2.2.1 Sieve Analysis, Test Method C 136,7.2.2.2 Material Finer Than 75-m (No. 200) Sieve, TestMethod C117,7.2.2.3 Specific Gravity and Absorption, Test Method C 127(Coarse Aggregate) and Test Method C 128 (Fine Aggregate),and7.2.2.4 Organic Impurities in Fine Aggregate,
