1、Designation: B956/B956M 101Standard Specification forWelded Copper and Copper-Alloy Condenser and HeatExchanger Tubes with Integral Fins1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B956/B956M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the
2、case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEDesignation was corrected editorially in October 2013.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establish
3、es the requirements for heatexchanger tubes manufactured from forge-welded copper andcopper alloy tubing in straight lengths on which the external orinternal surface, or both, has been modified by cold formingprocess to produce an integral enhanced surface for improvedheat transfer.1.2 UnitsThe valu
4、es stated in either inch-pounds units orSI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Thevalues stated in each system are not exact equivalents;therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.Combining values from the two systems could result innon-conformance with the spec
5、ification.1.2.1 Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets.1.3 The tubes are typically used in surface condensers,evaporators, and heat exchangers.1.4 The product shall be produced of the following coppersor copper alloys, as specified in the ordering information.Copper or Copper AlloyUNS N
6、o.Type of MetalC12000ADLP Phosphorized, low residual phosphorusC12200ADHP Phosphorized, high residual phosphorusC19200 Phosphorized, 1 % ironC19400 Copper-Iron AlloyC23000 Red BrassC44300 Admiralty, arsenicalC44400 Admiralty, antimonialC44500 Admiralty, phosphorizedC68700 Aluminum BrassC70400 95-5 C
7、opper-NickelC70600 90-10 Copper-NickelC70620 90-10 Copper-Nickel (Modified for Welding)C71000 80-20 Copper-NickelC71500 70-30 Copper-NickelC71520 70-30 Copper-Nickel (Modified for Welding)C72200 Copper-NickelACopper UNS Nos. C12000, and C12200 are classified in Classification B224.NOTE 1Designations
8、 listed in Classification B224.1.5 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to thetest methods described in this specification. This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establi
9、sh appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper andCopper-Alloy Pipe and TubingB154 Test Method for Mercurous Nitrate Test for CopperAlloysB2
10、24 Classification of CoppersB543 Specification for Welded Copper and Copper-AlloyHeat Exchanger TubeB601 Classification for Temper Designations for Copper andCopper AlloysWrought and CastB846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysB858 Test Method for Ammonia Vapor Test for DeterminingSusceptibilit
11、y to Stress Corrosion Cracking in CopperAlloysE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE53 Test Method for Determination of Copper in UnalloyedCopper by GravimetryE54 Test Methods for Ch
12、emical Analysis of Special Brassesand Bronzes (Withdrawn 2002)3E62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper and1This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copperand Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04 on Pipeand Tube.Current edition app
13、roved April 1, 2010. Published May 2010. Originallyapproved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as B956 072. DOI:10.1520/B0956_B0956M-10E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMSta
14、ndards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box
15、C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1CopperAlloys (Photometric Methods) (Withdrawn 2010)3E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE118 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper-Chromium Alloys (Withdrawn 2010)3E243 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examina-ti
16、on of Copper and Copper-Alloy TubesE255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys forthe Determination of Chemical CompositionE478 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper AlloysE527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in theUnified Numbering System (UNS)3. Terminology3.1 For the defin
17、itions of terms related to copper and copperalloys, refer to Terminology B846.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 enhanced tubetube having a series of metallic ribson the outside or inside surface, or both, either parallel to thelongitudinal axis or circumferentially extended fr
18、om the tube toincrease the effective surface for heat transfer (Figs. 1-3).3.2.2 unenhanced tubetube made by processing strip intoa tubular shape and forge welding the edges to make alongitudinal seam with no enhancements on the O.D. or I.D.4. Types of Welded Tube4.1 Reference Specification B543 for
19、 the types of forgewelded tube products that will be supplied for the enhancingoperation (Section 6).5. Ordering Information5.1 Include the following information when placing ordersfor product under this specification as applicable:5.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,5.1.2 Copper UNS No. design
20、ation (for example, CopperUNS No. C12000),5.1.3 Tube type (Section 4),5.1.4 Temper (Section 8),5.1.5 Dimensions, the diameter, wall thickness, whetherminimum or nominal wall, and length (Section 14),5.1.6 Configuration of enhanced surfaces shall be agreeupon between the manufacturer and the purchase
21、r (Figs. 1-3),and5.1.7 Quantity.5.2 The following options are available and shall be speci-fied at the time placing the order, when required:5.2.1 When heat identification or traceability is required,5.2.2 Whether a pressure test is to be used instead of theeddy-current test (13.1),5.2.2.1 Whether a
22、 pressure test is be used along with theeddy-current test (13.3 and 13.4),5.2.3 Whether cut ends of the tube are to be deburred,chamfered, or otherwise treated (Section 15),5.2.4 If the product is to be subsequently welded (see Table1, Footnote E),5.2.5 Certification, if required (Section 23), and5.
23、2.6 Mill test report, if required (Section 24).6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Material:6.1.1 The material of manufacture shall be welded tube ofone of the Copper Alloy UNS Nos. listed in 1.1 of such purityand soundness as to be suitable for processing into the productsprescribed herein.6.1.2 In the
24、 event heat identification or traceability isrequired, the purchaser shall specify the details desired.6.2 Manufacture:6.2.1 The product shall be manufacture by cold forming theenhancement of the heat transfer surfaces.6.3 Product described by this specification shall typically befurnished with unen
25、hanced ends, but may be furnished withenhanced ends or stripped ends from which the O.D. enhance-ment has been removed by machining.6.3.1 The enhanced sections of the tube in the as-fabricatedtemper are in the cold formed condition produced by theenhancing operation.NOTE 1The outside diameter over t
26、he enhanced section will not normally exceed the outside diameter of the unenhanced section.FIG. 1 Outside Diameter Enhanced Tube NomenclatureB956/B956M 10126.3.2 The unenhanced sections of the tube shall be in theannealed or as-welded temper, and shall be suitable forrolling-in operations.FIG. 2 Ou
27、tside Diameter and Inside Diameter Enhanced Tube NomenclatureFIG. 3 Inside Diameter Enhanced Tube NomenclatureTABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsCopper orCopperAlloyUNS No.Composition, %Copper Tin AluminumNickel,inclCobaltLead,maxIron Zinc Manganese Arsenic Antimony Phosphorus ChromiumOtherNamedElementsC1
28、2000 99.90 minA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0040.012 . . . . . .C12200 99.9 minA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0150.040 . . .C19200 98.5 minB. . . . . . . . . . . . 0.81.2 0.20 max . . . . . . . . . 0.010.04 . . . . . .C19400 97.0 minB0.03 2.12.6 0.050.2
29、0 0.0150.15C23000 84.086.0B. . . . . . . . . 0.05 0.05 max remainder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C44300 70.073.0C0.91.2 . . . . . . 0.07 0.06 max remainder . . . 0.020.06 . . . . . . . . . . . .C44400 70.073.0C0.91.2 . . . . . . 0.07 0.06 max remainder . . . . . . 0.020.10 . . . . . . . . .C4
30、4500 70.073.0C0.91.2 . . . . . . 0.07 0.06 max remainder . . . . . . . . . 0.020.10 . . . . . .C68700 76.079.0A,D. . . 1.82.5 . . . 0.07 0.06 max remainder . . . 0.020.06 . . . . . . . . . . . .C70400 remain-derA,D. . . . . . 4.86.2 0.05 1.31.7 1.0 max 0.300.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C70600 rem
31、ain-derA,D. . . . . . 9.011.0 0.05 1.01.8 1.0 max 1.0 max . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C70620 86.5 minA,D. . . . . . 9.011.0 0.02 1.01.8 0.50 max 1.0 max . . . . . . 0.02 max . . . 0.05 C max0.02 S maxC71000 remain-derA,D,E. . . . . . 19.023.0 0.05 1.0 max 1.0 max 1.0 max . . . . . . . . . . . .C715
32、00 remain-derA,D. . . . . . 29.033.0 0.05 0.401.0 1.0 max 1.0 max . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .C71520 65.0 minA,D. . . . . . 29.033.0 0.02 0.401.0 0.50 max 1.0 max . . . . . . 0.02 max . . . 0.05 C max0.02 S maxC72200 remain-derA,B,E. . . . . . 15.018.0 0.05 0.501.0 1.0 max 1.0 max . . . . . . . . .
33、 0.300.7 0.03 Si max0.03 Ti maxACopper (including silver).BCu + Sum of Named Elements, 99.8 % min.CCu + Sum of Named Elements, 99.6 % min.DCu + Sum of Named Elements, 99.5 % min.EWhen the product is for subsequent welding applications, and so specified in the contract or purchase order, zinc shall b
34、e 0.50 % max, lead 0.02 % max, phosphorus0.02 % max, sulfur 0.02 % max, and carbon 0.05 % max.B956/B956M 10137. Chemical Composition7.1 The material shall conform to the chemical composi-tional requirements in Table 1 for Copper UNS No. designationspecified in the ordering information.7.2 The compos
35、ition limits do not preclude the presence ofother elements. By agreement between the manufacturer andpurchaser, limits may be established and analysis required forunnamed elements.7.2.1 Copper Alloy C19200 and C19400Copper may betaken as the difference between the sum of results for allspecified ele
36、ments and 100 %. When all elements specified,including copper, are determined, their sum shall be 99.8 %minimum.7.2.2 For alloys in which copper is specified as theremainder, copper may be taken as the difference between thesum of the results for all specified elements and 100 % for theparticular al
37、loy.7.2.2.1 When analyzed, copper plus the sum of results forspecified elements shall conform with the requirements shownin the following table:Copper Alloy UNS No.Copper Plus NamedElements,%minC70400 99.5C70600 99.5C70620 99.5C71000 99.5C71500 99.5C71520 99.5C72200 99.87.2.3 For alloys in which zin
38、c is specified as the remainder,either copper or zinc may be taken as the difference betweenthe sum of the results of specified elements analyzed and100 %.7.2.3.1 When all specified elements are determined, the sumof results plus copper shall be as follows:Copper Alloy UNS No.Copper Plus NamedElemen
39、ts,%minC23000 99.8C44300, C44400, C44500 99.6C68700 99.58. Temper8.1 Tempers, as defined in Classification B601 and thisspecification, are as follows:8.1.1 The tube, after enhancing, shall be supplied, asspecified, in the annealed (061) or as-fabricated temper.8.1.1.1 The enhanced sections of tubes
40、in the as-fabricatedtemper are in the cold formed condition produced by thefabricating operation.8.1.1.2 The unenhanced sections of tubes in the as-fabricated temper are in the temper of the tube prior toenhancing, welded and annealed (WO61), welded and lightcold-worked (WC55) and suitable for rolli
41、ng-in operations.8.2 Tubes of Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C23000, C44300,C44400, C44500, and C68700 shall be furnished in theannealed temper or the stress relieved condition as specified inthe purchase order unless otherwise agreed upon between thepurchaser and the manufacturer.8.3 Tubes of Copper Alloy U
42、NS Nos. C12200, C19200,C19400, C70400, C70600, C71000, C71500, and C72200 arenormally supplied in the temper specified in the purchase orderwithout stress relief treatment.NOTE 2Some tubes, when subjected to aggressive environments, maybe subject to stress-corrosion cracking because of the residual
43、tensilestresses developed in the enhancing process. For such applications, it issuggested that tubes of Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C23000, C44300,C44400, C44500, and C68700 are subjected to a stress relieving thermaltreatment subsequent to the enhancement process. In Specification B359the stress relief a
44、nneal is mandatory for brass alloys.9. Grain Size for Annealed Tempers9.1 Samples of annealed temper tubes shall be examined ata magnification of 75 diameters. The grain size shall bedetermined in the wall beneath the internal enhancement.While there is not grain size range, the microstructure shall
45、show complete recrystallization and the weld zone shall have astructure typical of hot-forged welds.10. Mechanical Property Requirements10.1 Tensile Strength and Yield Strength Requirements:10.1.1 Product furnished under this specification shall con-form to the tensile and yield strength requirement
46、s prescribedin Table 2 when tested in accordance with Test Method E8.10.1.2 Acceptance or rejection based upon mechanicalproperties shall depend only on tensile strength and yieldstrength.11. Performance Requirements11.1 Expansion Test Requirements:11.1.1 Product in the annealed tempers and the ligh
47、t cold-worked temper shall withstand expansion in accordance withTest Method B153 and to the extent in Table 3.11.1.2 The expanded tube area shall be free of defects, butblemishes of nature that do not interfere with the intendedapplication are acceptable.11.2 Flattening Test:11.2.1 When specified i
48、n the contract or purchase order, theflattening test described in the test method section in 19.2.7shall be performed.11.2.2 During inspection, the flattened areas and edges ofthe test specimen shall be free of defects, but blemishes of anature that do not interfere with the intended application are
49、acceptable.11.3 Reverse Bend Test:11.3.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order, thereverse bend test described in the test method section in 19.2.8shall be performed on unenhanced tubes.11.3.2 The sample shall be free of defects, but blemishes ofnature that do not interfere with the intended application areacceptable.12. Other Requirements12.1 Mercurous Nitrate Test or Ammonia Vapor Test:12.1.1 The mercurous nitrate or ammonia vapor test isrequired only for Copper Alloys UNS Nos. C23000; C44300;C44400; C44500; C60800; and
