1、Designation: B824 11B824 14Standard Specification forGeneral Requirements for Copper Alloy Castings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B824; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision
2、. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes general requi
3、rements common to ASTM copper alloy casting specifications B22, B61, B62,B66, B67, B148, B176, B271B271/B271M, B369, B427, B505/B505M, B584, B763B763/B763M, B770, and B806. Theserequirements apply to the casting specifications to the extent referenced therein.1.1.1 In the event of conflict between t
4、his specification and a casting specification, the requirements of the casting specificationshall take precedence.1.2 The chemical composition and other requirements not included in this specification shall be prescribed in the casting productspecifications.1.3 UnitsThe values stated in inch-pound u
5、nits are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 No precise quantitative relationship can be stated between the properties of the metal in various locations of the s
6、ame castingor between the properties of castings and those of a test bar casting from the same metal. (See Appendix X1.)22. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents, of the issue in effect on date of casting purchase, form, part of this specification to the extentreferenced herein:2.2 ASTM St
7、andards:3B22 Specification for Bronze Castings for Bridges and TurntablesB61 Specification for Steam or Valve Bronze CastingsB62 Specification for Composition Bronze or Ounce Metal CastingsB66 Specification for Bronze Castings for Steam Locomotive Wearing PartsB67 Specification for Car and Tender Jo
8、urnal Bearings, LinedB148 Specification for Aluminum-Bronze Sand CastingsB176 Specification for Copper-Alloy Die CastingsB194 Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy Plate, Sheet, Strip, and Rolled BarB208 Practice for Preparing Tension Test Specimens for Copper Alloy Sand, Permanent Mold, Centrifu
9、gal, and ContinuousCastingsB271B271/B271M Specification for Copper-Base Alloy Centrifugal CastingsB369 Specification for Copper-Nickel Alloy CastingsB427 Specification for Gear Bronze Alloy CastingsB505/B505M Specification for Copper Alloy Continuous CastingsB584 Specification for Copper Alloy Sand
10、Castings for General ApplicationsB763B763/B763M Specification for Copper Alloy Sand Castings for Valve ApplicationsB770 Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy Sand Castings for General ApplicationsB806 Specification for Copper Alloy Permanent Mold Castings for General Applications1 This specificat
11、ion is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.05 on Castingsand Ingots for Remelting.Current edition approved April 1, 2011April 1, 2014. Published May 2011May 2014. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edit
12、ion approved in 20092011 asB824 09.B824 11. DOI: 10.1520/B0824-11.10.1520/B0824-14.2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code application see related specification in Section II of that code.3 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at servi
13、ceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. B
14、ecauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section ap
15、pears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Te
16、st Data to Determine Conformance with SpecificationsE54 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Special Brasses and Bronzes (Withdrawn 2002)4E62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper and Copper Alloys (Photometric Methods) (Withdrawn 2010)4E76 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel-Copper
17、 Alloys (Withdrawn 2003)4E255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys for the Determination of Chemical CompositionE478 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper AlloysE581 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Manganese-Copper Alloys2.3 JIS Standard:5JIS H 1068:2005 Methods for Determinat
18、ion of Bismuth in Copper and Copper Alloys (Japanese Industrial Standards)3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copper alloys, refer to Terminology B846.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to this Standard:3.2.1 lota collection of like final product (same alloy, temper, dime
19、nsions, as applicable ) applicable) produced under the sameor identical conditions from which samples were drawn for inspection or testing, or both.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 ManufactureMechanical properties of CopperAlloy UNS Nos. C94700, C95300, C95400, C95410, C95500, C95520, andC96800 can b
20、e changed by heat treatment. Suggested heat treatments are given in the casting specifications containing these alloys.5. Chemical Composition5.1 The casting material shall conform to the chemical requirements of the casting product specification involved.5.2 These composition limits do not preclude
21、 the presence of other elements. Limits may be established and analysis requiredfor unnamed elements by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.6. Mechanical Property Requirements6.1 When tension testing is required by the casting product specification, the results shall conform to the
22、requirements of thatspecification, when tested in accordance with Test Methods E8/E8M.7. Other Requirements7.1 Hydrostatic TestWhen specified in the purchase order, a hydrostatic test shall be performed on the castings. The detailsof the test and acceptance criteria shall be established by agreement
23、 between the manufacturer and the purchaser.7.2 SoundnessWhen specified in the purchase order, castings shall meet soundness requirements furnished or referenced bythe purchaser. In the absence of standards for soundness, the requirement shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer andthe purcha
24、ser.8. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations8.1 The manufacturer shall be responsible for conforming to the dimensional requirements of the castings as related to thedrawing when the pattern equipment is produced by the manufacturer.8.2 When the pattern equipment is provided by the purchaser,
25、 the manufacturer shall be responsible for conforming to thedimensional requirements of the castings, but with any mutually agreed to exceptions relating to the provided pattern equipment.8.3 Where thick and thin sections of the casting adjoin, the manufacturer shall be permitted to add fillets of a
26、dequate size, wherenot previously provided, subject to approval of the purchaser.9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance9.1 The surface of the casting shall be free of adhering sand, cracks, and hot tears. Other surface discontinuities shall meet visualacceptance standards agreed upon between the man
27、ufacturer and the purchaser.10. Sampling10.1 Lot SizeAlot shall consist of: (1) all of the metal poured from a single furnace or crucible melt, or (2) all the metal pouredfrom two or more furnaces into a single ladle, or (3) all of the metal poured from a continuous melting furnace between charges,4
28、 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.5 Available from Japanese Standards Organization (JSA), 4-1-24 Akasaka Minato-Ku, Tokyo 107-8440, Japan, http:/www.jsa.or.jp.B824 142or (4) all of the metal poured from an individual melting furnace or group of melt
29、ing furnaces having a uniform melting stock,operating during the course of one-half shift, not to exceed 5 h.10.2 Chemical Analysis:10.2.1 The sample for chemical analysis shall be taken in accordance with Practice E255 for product in the final form from thepieces selected in 10.1 and combined into
30、one composite sample. The minimum weight of the composite sample shall be 150 g.10.2.2 Instead of sampling as directed in 10.2.1, the manufacturer shall have the option of sampling at the time castings arepoured or from the semifinished product. When samples are taken during the course of manufactur
31、e, sampling of the finishedproduct by the manufacturer is not required. The number of samples taken for the determination of composition shall be as follows:10.2.2.1 When samples are taken at the time the castings are poured, at least one sample shall be taken for each group of castingspoured from t
32、he same source of molten metal.10.3 Tension-test bars used in meeting the requirements of 6.1 shall be separately cast for the sand, permanent mold, andcentrifugal casting processes. The results represent the properties of the metal going into castings poured from the same heat. Themechanical proper
33、ties may not be the same as the properties of the corresponding castings because of the solidification effects ofvarying size, section, and design. Test bars for continuous castings are taken from the castings and therefore represent theproperties of the casting.10.3.1 When the requirements of 6.1 h
34、ave been complied with using separately cast test bars, additional tests may be performedusing test bars removed from the casting with test bar location and mechanical properties agreed upon between the manufacturerand the purchaser. It should be noted that the minimum requirements, listed in applic
35、able specifications, were obtained using datafrom separately cast coupons. Test specimens machined from castings may not achieve these results.11. Number of Tests and Retests11.1 Tests:11.1.1 A chemical analysis of each element with a specified limiting value shall be made on each lot. Chemical anal
36、ysis forresidual elements is not required unless specified in the purchase order.11.1.2 One tension test shall be performed on each lot.11.1.3 Should the percent elongation of any tensile-test specimen be less than that specified and any part of the fracture isoutside the middle two-thirds of the ga
37、ge length or in a punched or scribed mark within the reduced section, the specimen maybe discarded and replaced by another from the same lot.11.1.4 If the result of any test fails to conform to the specified requirements, two retests shall be performed. If either retest failsto meet the specified re
38、quirements, the lot shall be rejected.11.1.5 Should any of the properties be less than that specified and there is a discontinuity in the cross-sectional area of thefracture, the specimen may be discarded and replaced by another of the same lot.11.2 Retests:11.2.1 When requested by the manufacturer,
39、 a retest shall be permitted when test results obtained by the purchaser fail toconform to the casting specification requirements.11.2.2 Retesting shall be as prescribed in the casting specification for the initial test, except the number of test specimens shallbe twice that normally required for th
40、e test. Test results for all specimens shall comply with the casting specification requirements.Failure to comply shall be cause for rejection.11.2.3 Chemical AnalysisIf one or more of the elements with specified limits fail to meet the compositional requirement ofthe product specification when dete
41、rmined from the sample prepared in accordance with Practice E255, one retest cycle shall bepermitted with a second composite sample prepared in accordance with Practice E255.12. Specimen Preparation12.1 The specimen for chemical analysis shall be taken from the lot in such a manner as to avoid conta
42、mination and berepresentative of the molten metal. Sample preparation shall be in accordance with Practice E255.Analytical specimen preparationshall be the responsibility of the reporting laboratory.12.2 Tension-test specimens shall be prepared in accordance with Practice B208.12.2.1 If any specimen
43、 is machined improperly or if flaws are revealed by machining or during testing, the specimen shall bediscarded and replaced by another from the same lot.13. Test Methods13.1 Chemical Composition:13.1.1 The chemical analysis methods used for the routine determination of specification compliance and
44、preparation of testreports shall be at the discretion of the laboratory performing the analysis.13.1.2 In case of disagreement on chemical composition, referee analytical methods for copper alloys other than copper-beryllium alloys (Specification B770) are given in Table 1. Referee analytical method
45、s for copper-beryllium alloys are given inthe Annex of Specification B194.B824 14313.1.3 The determination of magnesium, niobium, zirconium, and titanium, for which no recognized test method is known tobe published, shall be subject to agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.13.1.4 Anal
46、ytical methods for elements with ranges beyond those given in Table 1 shall be subject to agreement between themanufacturer and the purchaser.13.1.5 Analytical methods for the determination of elements required by the purchase order agreement shall be as agreed uponbetween the manufacturer and the p
47、urchaser.13.2 Mechanical Properties:13.2.1 Tension testing shall be performed in accordance with Test Methods E8/E8M.14. Significance of Numerical Limits14.1 For the purpose of determining compliance with the specified limits for requirements of the properties listed in thefollowing table, an observ
48、ed value or a calculated value shall be rounded as indicated in accordance with the rounding method ofPractice E29.Property Rounded Limit for Observed orCalculated ValueChemical CompositionHardnessElectrical ResistivityElectrical Conductivitynearest unit in the last right-handsignificance digit used
49、 in expressingthe limiting valueTensile Strength nearest ksi (5 MPa)Yield StrengthElongation nearest 1 %Grain Size:Under 0.060 mm nearest multiple of 0.005 mmTABLE 1 Referee Chemical Analytical Methodscolwidth=“1.10in“/COLSPECElement Range or % or % max Test MethodsAluminum (Al) 0.00513.5 E478Antimony (Sb) 0.05-0.70 E62Arsenic (As) 0.0-0.50 E62Bismuth (Bi) 0.16 JIS H 1068Carbon (C) 0.0-0.50 E76Copper (Cu) 50.0-99.75 E478Iron (Fe) 0.003-1.250.0-5.0E478E54Lead (Pb) 0.002-15.02.0-30.0E478;Atomic AbsorptionE478; TitrimetricLead (Pb) 0.002-15.02.0-30.0E478;Atomic Absorpti
