1、Designation: B 751 03Standard Specification forGeneral Requirements for Nickel and Nickel Alloy WeldedTube1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 751; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last
2、revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification contains various requirements that,with the exception of Sections 6 and 7, are mandatoryrequirements to
3、 the following ASTM nickel and nickel alloy,longitudinally welded tubular product specifications:Title of SpecificationASTMDesignation2,3Welded UNS N08020, N08024, and UNS N08026 Alloy Tubes B 468Welded UNS N08120, UNS N08800, UNS N08810, UNSN08811 Alloy TubesB 515Welded Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloy (
4、UNS N06600, UNSN06603, UNS N06025, and UNS N06045) TubesB 516Welded Nickel and Nickel-Cobalt Alloy Tube B 626UNS N08904, UNS N08925, and UNS N08926 Welded Tube B 674UNS N08366 and UNS N08367 Welded Tube B 676Welded UNS N06625, N06219, and N08825 Alloy Tubes B 704Ni-Cr-Mo-Co-W-Fe-Si Alloy (UNS N06333
5、) Welded Tube B 726Welded Nickel (UNS N02200/UNS N02201) and Nickel Cop-per Alloy (UNS N04400) TubeB 7301.2 One or more of the test requirements of Section 6 applyonly if specifically stated in the product specification or in thepurchase order.1.3 In case of conflict between a requirement of the pro
6、ductspecification and a requirement of this general specification,only the requirement of the product specification need besatisfied.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.5 This standard does not purport
7、 to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to become familiarwith all hazards including those identified in the appropriateMaterial Safety Data Sheet for this product/material as pro-vided by the manufacturer, to estab
8、lish appropriate safety andhealth practices, and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:B 880 Specification for General Requirements for ChemicalCheck Analysis Limits for Nickel, Nickel Alloys andCobalt Alloys2E 8 Test Methods for
9、Tension Testing of Metallic Materials4E 18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and RockwellSuperficial Hardness of Metallic Materials4E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with Specifications5E 39 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel6E 76 Test Methods
10、 for Chemical Analysis of Nickel-CopperAlloys7E 112 Test Methods for Determining the Average GrainSize4E 213 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of Metal Pipeand Tubing8E 273 Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of the WeldZone of Welded Pipe and Tubing8E 309 Practice for Eddy-Current Examination of
11、Steel Tu-bular Products Using Magnetic Saturation8E 426 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Exami-nation of Seamless and Welded Tubular Products, Austen-itic Stainless Steel and Similar Alloys8E 571 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Exami-nation of Nickel and Nickel Alloy Tubular P
12、roducts8E 1473 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel,Cobalt, and High-Temperature Alloys72.2 Other Documents:SNT-TC-1A Recommended Practice for NondestructivePersonnel Qualification and Certification93. Terminology3.1 Definitions:1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee
13、 B02 onNonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB02.07 on Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys.Current edition approved June 10, 2003. Published July2003. Originally ap-proved in 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as B 751 - 02.2Annual Book of ASTM
14、 Standards, Vol 02.04.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.01.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.6Discontinued; See Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.7Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.8Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.9Availab
15、le from The American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O.Box 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.3.1.1 average diameterthe average of the maximum andminimum ou
16、tside diameters, as determined at any one crosssection of the tube.3.1.2 nominal walla specified wall thickness with a plusand minus tolerance from the specified thickness.3.1.3 thin wall tubetube with specified wall thickness 3 %or less of the specified outside diameter.3.1.4 welded tubea hollow pr
17、oduct of round or any othercross section having a continuous periphery.4. Dimensions and Permissible Variations4.1 Diameter and Wall ThicknessIndividual measure-ments shall not exceed the tolerances specified in Table 1. Thepermissible variation in outside diameter is not sufficient toprovide for ov
18、ality in thin-walled tubes. For thin-walled tubesthe maximum and minimum diameters at any cross sectionshall not deviate from the nominal diameter by more than twicethe permissible variation in outside diameter given in the table;however, the mean diameter at that cross section must still bewithin t
19、he permissible variation.4.2 LengthWhen material is ordered cut-to-length, thelength shall conform to the permissible variations prescribed inTable 2.4.3 StraightnessMaterial shall be reasonably straight andfree of bends and kinks.4.4 EndsEnds shall be plain or cut and deburred.5. Workmanship, Finis
20、h, and Appearance5.1 The material shall be uniform in quality and temper,smooth, and free of imperfections that would render it unfit foruse.6. Test Requirements6.1 Flange Test:6.1.1 A length of tube not less than three times the specifieddiameter or 4 in. (102 mm), whichever is longer, shall becapa
21、ble of having a flange turned over at a right angle to thebody of the tube without cracking or showing imperfectionsrejectable under the provisions of the product specification.The width of the flange shall not be less than 15 % of the tubediameter.6.1.2 The flanged specimen shall not exhibit throug
22、h wallcracking or any cracking observable without magnification.6.2 Flattening Test:6.2.1 A length of tube not less than 4 in. (102 mm), shall beflattened under a load applied gradually at room temperatureuntil the distance between the platens is five times the wallthickness. The weld shall be posit
23、ioned 90 from the directionof the applied flattening force.6.2.2 The flattened specimen shall not exhibit cracks.6.2.3 Superficial ruptures resulting from surface imperfec-tions shall not be a cause for rejection.6.3 Flare TestThe flare test shall consist of flaring a testspecimen with an expanding
24、tool having an included angle of60 until the specified outside diameter has been increased by30 %. The flared specimen shall not exhibit cracking throughthe wall.6.4 Pressure (Leak Test):6.4.1 HydrostaticEach tube with an outside diameter18in. (3 mm) and larger, and with wall thickness of 0.015 in.(
25、0.38 mm) and over, shall be tested by the manufacturer to aninternal hydrostatic pressure of 1000 psi (6.9 MPa) providedthat the fiber stress calculated in accordance with the followingequation does not exceed the allowable fiber stress, S, indicatedas follows:P 5 2St/D (1)where:P = hydrostatic test
26、 pressure, psi (MPa),S = allowable fiber stress, for material in the condition(temper) furnished as specified in the product speci-fication (S is calculated as the lower of23 of thespecified minimum 0.2 % offset yield strength or14 ofthe specified minimum ultimate strength for the ma-terial),t = min
27、imum wall thickness, in. (mm), equal to thespecified average wall minus the permissible minuswall tolerance, or the specified minimum wall thick-ness, andD = outside diameter of the tube, in. (mm).6.4.1.1 The test pressure must be held for a minimum of5s.TABLE 1 Permissible Variations for Outside Di
28、ameter and Wall Thickness of Welded TubeA,BSpecified Outside Diameter Outside DiameterPermissible Variationsof Thickness ofSpecified Nominal Wall, %Thickness ofSpecified Minimum Wall,%in. (mm) + + + Over 0.125 (3.2) to58 (16), excl 0.004 (0.13) 0.005 (0.10) 12.5 12.5 28 058 (16) to 112 (38), incl 0.
29、0075 (0.19) 0.0075 (0.19) 12.5 12.5 28 0Over 112 (38) to 3 (76), incl 0.010 (0.25) 0.010 (0.25) 12.5 12.5 28 0Over 3 (76) to 412 (114), incl 0.015 (0.38) 0.015 (0.38) 12.5 12.5 28 0Over 412 (114) to 6 (152), incl 0.020 (0.51) 0.020 (0.51) 12.5 12.5 28 0AThese permissible variations in outside diamet
30、er apply only to material as finished at the mill before subsequent swaging, expanding, bending, polishing, or otherfabricating operations.BThe ovality provisions of 4.1 apply.TABLE 2 Permissible Variations in LengthAOutside Diameter, in. (mm) Cut Length, in. (mm)Over UnderCold-finished: under 2 (50
31、.8)18 (3.2) 0Hot-finished: 2 (50.8) and over316 (4.8) 0all sizes316 (4.8) 0AThese permissible variations in length apply to tube in straight lengths. Theyapply to cut lengths up to and including 24 ft (7.3 m). For lengths over 24 ft anadditional over-tolerance of18 in. (3.2 mm) for each 10 ft (3.0 m
32、) or fraction thereofshall be permissible up to a maximum additional over-tolerance of12 in. (12.7 mm).B751032NOTE 1Testing at a pressure greater than 1000 psi can be done asagreed upon by the purchaser and manufacturer provided that theallowable fiber stress is not exceeded.6.4.2 Pneumatic (Air Und
33、erwater) Test Each tube with anominal wall thickness exceeding 0.025 in. (0.64 mm) shall betested at a minimum pressure of 150 psi (1.05 MPa). The testpressure for tubes having a nominal wall thickness of 0.025 in.(0.64 mm) and under shall be 75 psi (0.52 MPa) minimum. Thetest pressure shall be held
34、 for a minimum of 5 s. Visualexamination is to be made when the material is submerged andunder pressure. The full length of material must be examinedfor leaks.6.4.3 If any tube shows leaks during hydrostatic or pneu-matic testing, it shall be rejected.6.5 Nondestructive Examination:6.5.1 Each tube s
35、hall be examined by a nondestructiveexamination method in accordance with Practices E 213,E 309, E 426, or E 571. Upon agreement, Practice E 273 shallbe employed in addition to one of the full periphery tests. Therange of tube sizes that may be examined by each method shallbe subject to the limitati
36、ons in the scope of that practice. Incase of conflict between these methods and practices and thisspecification, the requirements of this specification shall pre-vail6.5.2 The following information is for the benefit of the userof this specification.6.5.2.1 Calibration standards for the nondestructi
37、ve electrictest are convenient standards for calibration of nondestructivetesting equipment only. For several reasons, including shape,orientation, width, etc., the correlation between the signalproduced in the electric test from an imperfection and fromcalibration standards is only approximate. A p
38、urchaser inter-ested in ascertaining the nature (type, size, location, andorientation) of discontinuities that can be detected in thespecific application of these examinations should discuss thiswith the manufacturer of the tubular product.6.5.2.2 The ultrasonic examination referred to in this speci
39、-fication is intended to detect longitudinal discontinuities havinga reflective area similar to or larger than the calibrationreference notches specified in 6.5.8. The examination may notdetect circumferentially oriented imperfections or short, deepdefects.6.5.2.3 The eddy current examination refere
40、nced in thisspecification has the capability of detecting significant discon-tinuities, especially of the short abrupt type. Practices E 309and E 426 contain additional information regarding the capa-bilities and limitations of eddy-current examination.6.5.2.4 The hydrostatic test referred to in 6.4
41、.1 is a testmethod provided for in many product specifications. This testhas the capability of finding defects of a size permitting the testfluid to leak through the tube wall and may be either visuallyseen or detected by a loss of pressure. This test may not detectvery tight, through-the-wall defec
42、ts or defects that extend anappreciable distance into the wall without complete penetra-tion.6.5.2.5 A purchaser interested in ascertaining the nature(type, size, location, and orientation) of discontinuities that canbe detected in the specific application of these examinationsshould discuss this wi
43、th the manufacturer of the tubularproducts.6.5.3 Time of Examination:Nondestructive examination for specification acceptanceshall be performed after all deformation processing, heattreating, welding, and straightening operations. This require-ment does not preclude additional testing at earlier stag
44、es in theprocessing.6.5.4 Surface Condition:6.5.4.1 All surfaces shall be free of scale, dirt, grease, paint,or other foreign material that could interfere with interpretationof test results. The methods used for cleaning and preparing thesurfaces for examination shall not be detrimental to the base
45、metal or the surface finish.6.5.4.2 Excessive surface roughness or deep scratches canproduce signals that interfere with the test.6.5.5 Extent of Examination:6.5.5.1 The relative motion of the tube and the transduc-er(s), coil(s), or sensor(s) shall be such that the entire tubesurface is scanned, ex
46、cept for end effects as noted in 6.5.5.2.6.5.5.2 The existence of end effects is recognized, and theextent of such effects shall be determined by the manufacturer,and, if requested, shall be reported to the purchaser. Othernondestructive tests may be applied to the end areas, subject toagreement bet
47、ween the purchaser and the manufacturer.6.5.6 Operator Qualifications:6.5.6.1 The test unit operator shall be certified in accordancewith SNT TC-1-A, or an equivalent documented standardagreeable to both purchaser and manufacturer.6.5.7 Test Conditions:6.5.7.1 For examination by the ultrasonic metho
48、d, the mini-mum nominal transducer frequency shall be 2.0 MHz, and themaximum transducer size shall be 1.5 in. (38 mm).6.5.7.2 For eddy current testing, the excitation coil fre-quency shall be chosen to ensure adequate penetration, yetprovide good signal-to-noise ratio. The maximum coil fre-quency s
49、hall be:Specified Wall Thickness, in. (mm) Maximum Frequency, kHz0.150 (3.80 mm) 106.5.8 Reference Standards:6.5.8.1 Reference standards of convenient length shall beprepared from a length of tube of the same grade, specified size(outside diameter and wall thickness), surface finish, and heattreatment condition as the tubing to be examined.6.5.8.2 For eddy current testing, the reference standard shallcontain, at the option of the manufacturer, any one of thefollowing discontinuities:(a) Drilled HoleThe reference standard shall containthree or more holes,
