1、Designation: B 611 85 (Reapproved 2005)Standard Test Method forAbrasive Wear Resistance of Cemented Carbides1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 611; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las
2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of abrasivewear resistance of cemented carbides.1.2 The values stated in inch-
3、pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4、responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B311 Test Method for Density Determination for PowderMetallurgy (P/M) Materials Contain
5、ing Less Than TwoPercent Porosity3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 abrasion resistance, nthe specimens unit loss involume per revolution of the steel wheel carrying the abrasive.3.1.2 abrasive wear, nthat wear caused by a slurriedabrasive on a rotating surface, contacting the specimen surfaceunder
6、 pressure.3.1.3 wear number, nthe reciprocal of the specimenstotal volume loss in units of cm3.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method provides a guide to determine therelative abrasive wear resistance of cemented carbides underhigh-stress abrasion conditions. The abrasive wear is not ameasure o
7、f wear characteristics of carbides under all conditionsand is not to be misconstrued as indicative of wear whencarbides are used for machinery. It does show the difference inresistance to abrasive use for different carbide compositionsand can be used as a practical test or as a research method forso
8、rting out these differences.5. Apparatus5.1 Vessel, suitable for holding the abrasive slurry and thewheel (see Fig. 1). One suitable vessel is made of316-in.(5-mm) steel. The internal dimensions are 834 in. (220 mm)high, 934 in. (245 mm) long, and 214 in. (60 mm) wide, with a512-in. (140-mm) radius
9、at the bottom.5.2 Wheel, made of annealedAISI 1020 steel, that rotates inthe center of the vessel at 100 6 5 rpm. The direction ofrotation is from the slurry to the specimen. Four curved vanesare affixed to either side of the wheel to agitate and mix theslurry and to propel it toward the specimen. T
10、he maximumwheel diameter shall be 6.65 in. (169 mm) and the width shallbe 0.500 6 0.005 in. (12.7 6 0.1 mm). The wheel shall bediscarded when its diameter has decreased to 6.50 in. (165 mm)minimum, after repetitive use. In use, a slight burr will form atthe periphery. This burr will compensate for w
11、heel wear bywidening the wear path in the specimen; it shall not beremoved.5.3 Specimen Holder, to be pressed against the periphery ofthe wheel. This specimen holder shall be mounted so that notmore than 0.002 in. (0.05 mm) of side play occurs at the lineof contact between the specimen and the wheel
12、. The specimenholder shall be so placed that the specimen is tangential to thewheel at the center line of the wheel and specimen. A 10-kgweight shall be attached to the other end of the specimen holderlever arm. With a lever advantage of two-to-one, a force of 20kg is thus applied to the specimen at
13、 the line of contact.6. Test Specimen6.1 The specimen shall be at least316 in. (5 mm) thick andhave a surface area large enough so that the wear will beconfined within its edges. The specimen may be as large as thespecimen holder of the apparatus will permit. Dimensionaltolerances are not important,
14、 but the specimen shall be flatwithin a maximum of 0.004 in./in. (mm/mm). Surface finish ofthe specimen is not important, except that ground blanks shallbe cleaned with a suitable solvent to remove all oils or waxes,1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on MetalPowders an
15、d Metal Powder Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee B09.06 on Cemented Carbides.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2005. Published October 2005. Originallyapproved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as B 611 85 (2000)e1.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM
16、website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United
17、States.and unground blanks shall be grit blasted to remove alladhering foreign particles.7. Procedure7.1 Weigh the specimen on an analytical balance to thenearest 0.0001 g.7.2 Determine the density in accordance with Test MethodB311.7.3 Place the specimen in a specimen holder and fastenrigidly with
18、set screws and pressure plates.7.4 Insert the specimen holder into the abrasion wear testmachine.7.5 Release the 10-kg weight, causing the load to be appliedto the specimen that is bearing against the wheel.7.6 Plug the drain at the bottom of the vessel.7.7 Pour aluminum oxide grit, 30 mesh, into th
19、e vessel towithin 1 in. (25 mm) of the center of the wheel. If a differentabrasive is used it should be so noted in the report. Add waterto the aluminum oxide in the proportion of 1 cm3/4 g of grit.7.8 Just as the water has seeped into the abrasive grit, startthe rotation of the wheel and continue f
20、or 1000 revolutions(determine by means of a revolution counter). If the abrasivetends to accumulate at the end of the vessel opposite thespecimen, stir and agitate with a rod to ensure that it is mixedinto the slurry. Constantly check the wheel during the run toensure that a thin film of abrasive sl
21、urry is evenly dispersedover the outside rim which is not in contact with the slurry.7.9 Stop the rotation of the wheel after 1000 revolutions.Remove the drain block and flush the slurry out of the vessel.Do not re-use the abrasive grain; use fresh grain for every run.7.10 Remove the sample from the
22、 specimen holder, rinsefree of grit, and dry.7.11 Weigh the specimen again to the nearest 0.0001 g.8. Calculations8.1 Calculate the abrasion resistance, A, in cubic centime-tres per revolution, as follows:A 5 L/1000 D! 3 105(1)where:L = weight loss, g, andD = specimen density, g/cm3.8.2 Calculate th
23、e wear number, W, in reciprocal cubiccentimetres, as follows:W 5 D/L (2)9. Report9.1 The manufacturers grade designation, the manufac-turer, and the abrasion resistance or wear number shall beincluded in the report.10. Precision and Bias10.1 The precision depends upon the relative abrasiveresistance
24、 of the carbide being tested and since this test methodcovers a broad range of materials it cannot be determined atthis time.11. Keywords11.1 abrasion resistance; abrasive wear; abrasive wear re-sistance; cemented carbides; hardmetals; powder metallurgy;wear numberASTM International takes no positio
25、n respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
26、This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM I
27、nternational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address sho
28、wn below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).FIG. 1 Schematic Diagram of Abrasive Wear ResistanceApparatusB 611 85 (2005)2
