1、Designation: B251 10B251/B251M 17Standard Specification forGeneral Requirements for Wrought Seamless Copper andCopper-Alloy Tube1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B251;B251/B251M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the cas
2、e of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This
3、 specification covers a group of general requirements common to several wrought product specifications. Unlessotherwise specified in the purchase order, or in an individual specification, these general requirements shall apply to copper andcopper-alloy tube supplied under Specifications B68B68/B68M,
4、 B75B75/B75M, B135B135/B135M, B466/B466M, B643 andB743.NOTE 1This specification B251 is the inch-pound companion to B251M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in the specification.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The value
5、s stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized princ
6、iples on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on
7、date of material purchase form a part of this specification to the extentreferenced herein:2.2 ASTM Standards:2B68B68/B68M Specification for Seamless Copper Tube, Bright AnnealedB75B75/B75M Specification for Seamless Copper TubeB135B135/B135M Specification for Seamless Brass Tube Metric B0135_B0135M
8、B153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper and Copper-Alloy Pipe and TubingB154 Test Method for Mercurous Nitrate Test for Copper AlloysB170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic CopperRefinery ShapesB193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor MaterialsB428 Test Method for
9、 Angle of Twist in Rectangular and Square Copper and Copper Alloy TubeB466/B466M Specification for Seamless Copper-Nickel Pipe and TubeB643 Specification for Copper-Beryllium Alloy Seamless TubeB743 Specification for Seamless Copper Tube in CoilsB846 Terminology for Copper and Copper AlloysE3 Guide
10、for Preparation of Metallographic SpecimensE8E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with SpecificationsE53 Test Method for Determination o
11、f Copper in Unalloyed Copper by Gravimetry1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04 on Pipe andTube.Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010Oct. 1, 2017. Published November 2010November 2017.
12、Originally approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 20022010as B251 02.B251 10. DOI: 10.1520/B0251-10.10.1520/B0251_B0251M-17.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume in
13、formation, refer to the standardsstandards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to a
14、dequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright AS
15、TM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1E62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper and Copper Alloys (Photometric Methods) (Withdrawn 2010)3E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeE255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Co
16、pper Alloys for the Determination of Chemical CompositionE478 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper Alloys3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 average diameter (for round tubes only)the average of the maximum and minimum outside diameters, or maximum andminimum inside diameters, whichever is a
17、pplicable, as determined at any one cross section of the tube.3.1.2 coila length of the product wound into a series of connected turns. The unqualified term “coil” as applied to tube usuallyrefers to a bunched coil.3.1.2.1 buncheda coil in which the turns are bunched and held together such that the
18、cross section of the bunched turns isapproximately circular.3.1.2.2 double layer flata coil in which the product is spirally wound into two connected disk-like layers such that one layeris on top of the other. (Sometimes called “double layer pancake coil” or “double layer spirally wound coil.”)3.1.2
19、.3 level or traverse wounda coil in which the turns are wound into layers parallel to the axis of the coil such thatsuccessive turns in a given layer are next to one another. (Sometimes called “helical coil.”)3.1.2.4 level or traverse wound on a reel or spoola coil in which the turns are positioned
20、into layers on a reel or spool parallelto the axis of the reel or spool such that successive turns in a given layer are next to one another.3.1.2.5 single layer flata coil in which the product is spirally wound into a single disk-like layer. (Sometimes called “pancakecoil” or “single layer spirally
21、wound coil.”)3.1.2.6 stagger wounda coil in which the turns are positioned into layers approximately parallel to the axis of the coil, butnot necessarily with the fixed regularity of a level or traverse wound coil.3.1.3 lengthsstraight pieces of the product.3.1.3.1 endsstraight pieces, shorter than
22、the nominal length, left over after cutting the product into mill lengths, stock lengths,or specific lengths. They are subject to minimum length and maximum weight requirements.3.1.3.2 millstraight lengths, including ends, that are conveniently manufactured in the mills. Full-length pieces are usual
23、ly 10,12, or 20 ft and subject to established length tolerances.3.1.3.3 multiplestraight lengths of integral multiples of a base length, with suitable allowance for cutting, if and whenspecified.3.1.3.4 randomrun of mill lengths without any indicated preferred length.3.1.3.5 specificstraight lengths
24、 that are uniform in length, as specified, and subject to established length tolerances.3.1.3.6 specific with endsspecific lengths, including ends.3.1.3.7 standarduniform lengths recommended in a Simplified Practice Recommendation or established as a CommercialStandard.3.1.3.8 stockstraight lengths
25、that are mill cut and stored in advance of orders. They are usually 10, 12, or 20 ft and subjectto established length tolerances.3.1.3.9 stock with endsstock lengths, including ends.3.1.4 reel or spoola cylindrical device that has a rim at each end and an axial hole for a shaft or spindle, and on wh
26、ich theproduct is wound to facilitate handling and shipping.3.1.5 tubea hollow product of round or any other cross section, having a continuous periphery.3.1.5.1 tube, automotive and general servicea seamless copper tube of small diameter conforming to a standard series of sizescommercially known as
27、 Automotive and General Service Tube.3.1.5.2 tube, seamlessa tube produced with a continuous periphery in all stages of the operations.3.1 For definitions of terms related to copper and copper alloys, refer to Terminology B846.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 The material shall be of such quality and
28、 purity that the finished product shall have the properties and characteristicsprescribed in the applicable product specification listed in Section 1.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.B251/B251M 1724.2 The material shall be produced by either hot o
29、r cold working operations, or both. It shall be finished, unless otherwisespecified, by such cold working and annealing or heat treatment as necessary to meet the properties specified.5. Dimensions and Permissible Variations5.1 General:5.1.1 The standard method of specifying wall thickness shall be
30、in decimal fractions of an inch.inch or millimeter.5.1.2 For the purpose of determining conformance with the dimensional requirements prescribed in this specification, anymeasured value outside the specified limiting values for any dimension shall be cause for rejection.5.1.3 Tolerances on a given t
31、ube shall be specified with respect to any two, but not all three, of the following: outside diameter,inside diameter, wall thickness.5.1.4 When round tube is ordered by outside and inside diameters, the maximum plus and minus deviation of the wall thicknessfrom the nominal at any point shall not ex
32、ceed the values given in Table 1 by more than 50 %.NOTE 1Blank spaces in the tolerance tables indicate either that the material is not generally available or that no tolerances have been established.5.2 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy TubeWall thickness tolerances applicable to
33、 SpecificationsB68B68/B68M, B75B75/B75M, B135B135/B135M, and B743 for round tubes only shall be in accordance with Table 1 or Table2. Wall thickness tolerances for rectangular including square tube applicable to Specifications B75B75/B75M and B135B135/B135M shall be in accordance with Table 23 or Ta
34、ble 4.5.3 Diameter or Distance between Parallel Surfaces, Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy TubeDiameter tolerancesapplicable to Specifications B68B68/B68M, B75B75/B75M, B135B135/B135M, and B743 for round tubes only shall be inaccordance with Table 35 or Table 6. Tolerances on distance between
35、parallel surfaces for rectangular including square tubeapplicable to Specifications B75B75/B75M and B135B135/B135M shall be in accordance with Table 47 and Table 8.TABLE 1 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube(Applicable to Specifications B68, B75, B135, and B743)NOTE 1Maximum D
36、eviation at Any Point:The following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double thevalues given.Wall Thickness, in.Outside Diameter, in.A132 to 18, incl Over18 to 58,inclOver 58 to 1,inclOver 1 to 2,inclOver 2 to 4,inclOver 4 to 7,inclOver 7 to 10,inclUp to
37、 0.017, incl 0.002 0.001 0.0015 0.002 . . .Over 0.0170.024, incl 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.0025 . . .Over 0.0240.034, incl 0.003 0.0025 0.0025 0.003 0.004 . .Over 0.0340.057, incl 0.003 0.003 0.0035 0.0035 0.005 0.007 .Over 0.0570.082, incl . 0.0035 0.004 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010Over 0.0820.119, incl . 0.0
38、04 0.005 0.005 0.007 0.009 0.011Over 0.1190.164, incl . 0.005 0.006 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012Over 0.1640.219, incl . 0.007 0.009 0.009 0.011 0.012 0.014Over 0.2190.283, incl . . 0.011 0.012 0.014 0.015 0.016Over 0.2830.379, incl . . 0.014 6B % 6B % 7B % 7B %Over 0.379 . . . 6B % 6B % 7B % 7B %TABLE 1
39、Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy TubeInch-Pound Values(Applicable to Specifications B68/B68M, B75/B75M, B135/B135M, and B743)NOTE 1Maximum Deviation at Any PointThe following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double thevalues given.W
40、all Thickness, in.Outside Diameter, in.A132 to 18, incl Over18 to 58,inclOver 58 to 1,inclOver 1 to 2,inclOver 2 to 4,inclOver 4 to 7,inclOver 7 to 10,inclUp to 0.017, incl 0.002 0.001 0.0015 0.002 . . .Over 0.017 to 0.024, incl 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.0025 . . .Over 0.024 to 0.034, incl 0.003 0.0025 0.
41、0025 0.003 0.004 . .Over 0.034 to 0.057, incl 0.003 0.003 0.0035 0.0035 0.005 0.007 .Over 0.057 to 0.082, incl . 0.0035 0.004 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010Over 0.082 to 0.119, incl . 0.004 0.005 0.005 0.007 0.009 0.011Over 0.119 to 0.164, incl . 0.005 0.006 0.006 0.008 0.010 0.012Over 0.164 to 0.219, incl
42、 . 0.007 0.009 0.009 0.011 0.012 0.014Over 0.219 to 0.283, incl . . 0.011 0.012 0.014 0.015 0.016Over 0.283 to 0.379, incl . . 0.014 6B % 6B % 7B % 7B %Over 0.379 . . . 6B % 6B % 7B % 7B %A When round tube is ordered by outside and inside diameters, the maximum plus and minus deviation of the wall t
43、hickness from the nominal at any point shall not exceedthe values given in the table by more than 50 percent.%.B Percent of specified wall expressed to the nearest 0.001 in.B251/B251M 1735.4 Roundness (Applicable to Specifications B75B75/B75M, B135B135/B135M, and B466/B466M)For drawn unannealedtube
44、in straight lengths, the roundness tolerances shall be as follows:t/D(Ratio of Wall Thickness toOutside Diameter)Roundness Tolerance as Percent of OutsideDiameter (Expressed to the Nearest 0.001 in.)0.010.03, incl 1.5Over 0.030.05, incl 1.0Over 0.050.10, incl 0.8 or 0.002 in. whichever is greaterOve
45、r 0.10 0.7 or 0.002 in. whichever is greaterTABLE 2 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy TubeSI Values(Applicable to Specifications B68/B68M, B75/B75M, and B135/B135M)NOTE 1Maximum Deviation at Any PointThe following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus
46、 are desired, double thevalues given.Wall Thickness, mmOutside Diameter, mmA0.80 to 3.0, incl Over 3.0 to 16,incl Over 16 to 25,incl Over 25 to 50,incl Over 50 to 100,incl Over 100 to 180,incl Over 180 to 250,inclUp to 0.40, incl 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.05 . . .Over 0.40 to 0.60, incl 0.08 0.05 0.05 0.06 .
47、 . .Over 0.60 to 0.90, incl 0.08 0.06 0.06 0.08 0.10 . .Over 0.90 to 1.5, incl 0.08 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.12 0.20 .Over 1.5 to 2.0, incl . 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25Over 2.0 to 3.0, incl . 0.10 0.12 0.12 0.20 0.20 0.28Over 3.0 to 4.0, incl . 0.12 0.15 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30Over 4.0 to 5.5, incl . 0.20 0.
48、20 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35Over 5.5 to 7.0, incl . . 0.25 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40Over 7.0 to 10, incl . . 0.30 5B % 5B % 6B % 6B %Over 10 . . . 5B % 5B % 6B % 6B %A When round tube is ordered by outside and inside diameters, the maximum plus and minus deviation of the wall thickness from the nominal at any p
49、oint shall not exceedthe values given in the table by more than 50 %.B Percent of specified wall expressed to the nearest 0.025 mm.TABLE 2 Wall Thickness Tolerances for Copper and Copper-Alloy Rectangular and Square Tube(Applicable to Specifications B75, B135, and B743)NOTE 1Maximum deviation at any point. The following tolerances are plus and minus; if tolerances all plus or all minus are desired, double the valuesgiven.Wall Thickness, in.Distance Between Outside Parallel Surface, in.A132 to 18, incl Over18 to 5
