1、Designation: A994 11Standard Guide forEditorial Procedures and Form of Product Specifications forSteel, Stainless Steel, and Related Alloys1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A994; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the cas
2、e of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This guide covers the editorial form and style forproduct specifications under the jurisdi
3、ction of ASTM Com-mittee A01.NOTE 1For standards other than product specifications, such as testmethods, practices, and guides, see the appropriate sections of Form andStyle for ASTM Standards (Blue Book).21.2 Subcommittees preparing new product specifications orrevising existing ones should follow
4、the practices and proce-dures outlined herein, and be guided by the latest specificationcovering similar commodities.1.3 This guide has been prepared as a supplement to thecurrent edition of the Form and Style Manual, and is appro-priate for use by the subcommittees to Committee A01. Thisguide is to
5、 be applied in conjunction with the Form and StyleManual.1.4 If a conflict exists between this guide and the mandatorysections of the current edition of the Form and Style Manual,the Form and Style Manual requirements have precedence. If aconflict exists between this guide and the nonmandatorysectio
6、ns of the current edition of the Form and Style Manual,the guide has precedence.1.5 When patents are involved, the specifications writershould refer to section F3 of the Form and Style Manual. Also,refer to part F of the Form and Style Manual for trademarkinformation and the safety hazards caveat.2.
7、 Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA488/A488M Practice for Steel Castings, Welding, Quali-fications of Procedures and PersonnelA700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Meth-ods for Steel Products for ShipmentA75
8、1 Test Methods, Practices, and Terminology for Chemi-cal Analysis of Steel ProductsA941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-lated Alloys, and FerroalloysE6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical TestingE1282 Guide for Specifying the Chemical Compositionsand Selecting Sampling P
9、ractices and Quantitative Analy-sis Methods for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials2.2 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Codes:4Section IX Welding and Brazing Qualifications2.3 Federal Standard:Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipments (Civil Agencies)53. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to
10、This Standard:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this guide, refer to theForm and Style Manual, Terminology A941, and TerminologyE6.4. Significance and Use4.1 The Form and Style Manual provides mandatory re-quirements and recommended practices for the preparation andcontent of ASTM specification
11、s. In order to promote consis-tency in the style and content of product specifications under itsjurisdiction, Committee A01 recognizes the need to provide asupplementary document pertaining to the types of productsand materials covered by those specifications.4.2 This guide contains a list of sectio
12、ns to be considered forinclusion in a specification for steel, stainless steel, and related1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.91 on Editorial.Current edition approved April 1, 201
13、1. Published April 2011. Originallyapproved in 1998. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as A99409. DOI:10.1520/A0994-11.2Available from ASTM International Headquarters, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, POBox C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www
14、.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASMEInternational Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New Yo
15、rk, NY 10016-5990, http:/www.asme.org.5Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4 Section D, 700Robbins Ave., Phila., PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West
16、 Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.alloy products, and guidance or recommended wording, orboth, for such sections.4.3 Persons drafting new product specifications, or modify-ing existing ones, under the jurisdiction of Committee A01,should follow this guide and the requirements of the Form a
17、ndStyle Manual to ensure consistency.5. Subject Headings of Text5.1 The various sections of a Committee A01 productspecification should be arranged in the following order. Not allof these sections will appear in every specification; however,those used should be listed in the order given. In some cas
18、es,a specification may require the addition of a section or sectionsnot listed, in which case they should be inserted in thespecification so as to preserve the logical sequence of sections,insofar as possible.5.2 When only one requirement is used in a section havingmultiple possible subheadings, tha
19、t requirement becomes thesection heading (for example, Tension Test instead of Mechani-cal Properties).TitleDesignationScopeReferenced DocumentsASTM StandardsOther DocumentsClassificationTerminologyOrdering InformationGeneral RequirementsMaterials and ManufactureMelting PracticeMechanical Working Pr
20、acticeHeat TreatmentWeldingCoatingsChemical CompositionHeat AnalysisProduct AnalysisMethods of AnalysisMetallurgical RequirementsGrain SizeDecarburizationEtch TestMicro-cleanlinessHardenabilityCorrosion ResistancePhysical PropertiesElectrical ResistivityThermal ConductivityMechanical PropertiesTensi
21、on TestHardness TestImpact TestBend TestFlattening TestFlange TestFlare TestProof Load TestWrap TestCrush TestCoiling TestPressure Test RequirementsHydrostatic TestAir-Under-Water TestNondestructive Test RequirementsMagnetic Particle TestLiquid Penetrant TestRadiographic TestUltrasonic TestEddy Curr
22、ent TestFlux Leakage TestOther Test RequirementsDimensions, Mass, and Permissible VariationsFlatnessStraightnessOut-of-roundnessCamberBowingMatingLengthDiameterThicknessWorkmanship, Finish, and AppearanceSurface FinishEdgesEnd FinishRework, Retreatment, and Weld RepairSamplingNumber of Tests, Retest
23、s, and ResamplingSpecimen PreparationTest Methods and Analytical MethodsInspectionRejection and RehearingCertificationProduct IdentificationPackaging, Marking, and Loading for ShipmentKeywordsSupplementary RequirementsAnnexes and Appendixes6. Section Contents6.1 Title:6.1.1 The title should be as co
24、ncise as possible, but com-plete enough to identify clearly the product covered by thespecification. Titles are also used in lists, table of contents, andindexes, and it is most important that they be brief butself-explanatory.6.1.2 Two methods for establishing wording are consideredacceptable and a
25、re at the option of the subcommittee.6.1.3 One is to word as in ordinary conversation with theadjectives first as is normal in the English language. Forexample, “Standard Specification for Hot-Worked, Hot-Cold-Worked, and Cold-Worked Alloy Steel Plate, Sheet, and Stripfor High Strength at Elevated T
26、emperatures.”Ageneral schemefor generating titles with this format is:6.1.3.1 Type of document: “Standard Specification for,”6.1.3.2 Special treatment of the material, if any: “quenchedand tempered,” “hot-rolled,” “seamless,” “welded,” etc.,6.1.3.3 Material type based on chemical composition: “car-b
27、on,” “high-strength low-alloy,” “austenitic stainless,” etc.,6.1.3.4 “Steel,”6.1.3.5 Product form: “bars,” “pressure vessel plate,” “cast-ing,” “sheet and strip,” etc.,6.1.3.6 Special quality of the product, if any: “with im-proved toughness,” “with mechanical property requirements,”“of commercial q
28、uality,” etc., and6.1.3.7 Specific application or use of the product, if any:“for machine parts,” “for valves,” “for low temperature,” “forgeneral use,” “for corrosive service,” etc.6.1.4 The key word in order of importance concept forspecification titles is preferred by many subcommittees be-cause
29、it facilitates accurate indexing and provides rapid iden-tification of specification subject matter. For example, “Stan-dard Specification for Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip, Alloy,Hot-Worked, Hot-Cold-Worked, and Cold-Worked, for HighA994 112Strength at Elevated Temperatures.” A general scheme forde
30、veloping a title with this format is:6.1.4.1 Type of document: “Standard Specification for,”6.1.4.2 “Steel,”6.1.4.3 Product form: “bars,” “pressure vessel plate,” “cast-ing,” “sheet and strip,” etc.,6.1.4.4 Material type based on chemical composition: “car-bon,” “high-strength low-alloy,” “austeniti
31、c stainless,” etc.,6.1.4.5 Special treatment of the material, if any: “quenchedand tempered,” “hot-rolled,” “seamless,” “welded,” etc.,6.1.4.6 Special quality of the product, if any: “with im-proved toughness,” “with mechanical property requirements,”“commercial quality,” etc., and6.1.4.7 Specific a
32、pplication or use of the product, if any:“for machine parts,” “for valves,” “for low temperature,” “forgeneral use,” “for corrosive service,” etc.6.1.5 The use of temperature categories in the titles ofspecifications should be avoided. When a subcommittee deter-mines that temperature categories must
33、 be used in the title of aspecific standard, numerical temperature ranges should not beused; the establishment of limits on the use of materials is notthe responsibility of Committee A01. When a subcommitteedetermines that a temperature category must be used in a title,one of the following should be
34、 selected: cryogenic, low,ambient, moderate, elevated, or high.6.2 Scope:6.2.1 When the specification covers multiple grades,classes, types, or combinations thereof, this should be stated ina separate section in the scope. The subdivision grade shouldbe based upon chemical composition, a mechanical
35、property, orapplication of the product. Further subdivision should be byclass, based on some pertinent property or properties, andidentified by arabic numbers. The subdivision type should bebased on some major property, such as manufacture, productform, or generic classification. The precedence of g
36、rade, class,and type is theA01 preferred style, and it should be used in theabsence of any established preference.6.2.2 When a specification has supplementary requirements,the scope should include the following, or similar, statement asa subsection:Supplementary requirements of an optional nature ar
37、e pro-vided for use at the option of the purchaser. The supplemen-tary requirements shall apply only when specified individuallyby the purchaser in the purchase order or contract.6.2.3 Scope statements relating to units should be one of thefollowing:6.2.3.1 Format Requirements for Standards in Inch-
38、PoundUnits:For a standard citing inch-pound units of measurement as thestandard units of measurement, follow the format requirementbelow:In the ScopeInclude the following in the scope as anumbered paragraph:I.X Units-The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values giv
39、en in parentheses are mathematical con-versions to SI units that are provided for information only and arenot considered standard.Units to Be Used in StandardWithin the text, inch-poundunits shall appear first followed by non-rationalized SI units inparentheses.6.2.3.2 Format Requirements for Standa
40、rds in SI Units:For a standard citing SI units of measurement as the standardunits of measurement, select the type of SI standard to bewritten and follow the appropriate format requirement listedbelow:(1) Solely SI Standards:In the ScopeInclude the following in the scope as anumbered paragraph:I.X U
41、nitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regarded as stan-dard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.Units to Be Used in StandardWithin the text, show only rationalized SI units.(2) Combined Standards:In the ScopeInclude the following in the scope as anumbered paragraph:I.X
42、 UnitsThis specification is expressed in both inch-pound units andin SI units; however, unless the purchase order or contract specifiesthe applicable M specification designation (SI units), the inch-poundunits shall apply. The values stated in either inch-pound units or SIunits are to be regarded se
43、parately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each systemmay not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be usedindependently of the other. Combining values from the two systemsmay result in nonconformance with the standard.6.2.4 In a gener
44、al requirements specification, the scopeshould contain the following, or similar, statement:In the case of conflict between a requirement of a productspecification and a requirement of this specification, the prod-uct specification takes precedence. In the case of conflict be-tween a requirement of
45、the product specification and a require-ment of this specification and a more stringent requirement ofthe purchase order or contract, the purchase order or contracttakes precedence. The purchase order or contract require-ments shall not take precedence if they, in any way, violate therequirements of
46、 the product specification or this specification;for example, by the waiving of a test requirement or by makinga test requirement less stringent.6.2.5 Temperature Categories:6.2.5.1 Temperature categories should not be used in thescopes of specifications, because that use may mislead users ofstandar
47、ds by creating an implication that the scope reflectsengineering judgment on the temperature suitability of prod-ucts for specific applications. The establishment of temperaturelimitations on the use of materials is the responsibility of codecommittees.6.2.5.2 When a subcommittee determines that tem
48、peraturecategories must be used in a specific standard, numericaltemperature ranges should not be used. The categories shouldbe limited to the following: cryogenic, low, ambient, moderate,elevated, or high.6.2.5.3 When a temperature category is used in the scope ofa standard, the scope should cite t
49、he property or properties ofthe specified material that explain the selection of the tempera-ture category with a statement such as:Elevated temperatures are temperatures in the range wherecreep and stress rupture properties are important for the steelsin this specification.Low (or cryogenic) temperatures are temperatures where frac-ture toughness is important.A994 1136.2.6 Specifications that reference general requirementsmay include the following statement in the scope:The following referenced general requirements are indispens-able for the application of this specificati
