1、Designation: A 1039/A 1039M 04Standard Specification forSteel, Sheet, Hot Rolled, Carbon, Commercial andStructural, Produced by the Twin-Roll Casting Process1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 1039/A 1039M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of orig
2、inal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers commercial and structuralsteel sheet
3、 in coils and cut lengths produced by the twin-rollcasting process.1.2 The steel sheet is available in the designations listed inSection 4.1.3 The material is available in the following sizes:Thickness0.027 in. 0.7 mm to 0.078 in. 2.0 mmWidthup to 79 in. 2000 mm1.4 The values stated in either inch-p
4、ound units or SI unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, theSI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in eachsystem are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system mustbe used independently of the other.NOTE 1A description of the Twin-Roll Casting Process is includ
5、ed inAppendix X1.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA 568/A 568M Specification for Steel, Sheet, Carbon, andHigh-Strength, Low-Alloy, Hot Rolled and Cold Rolled,General Requirements forA 941 Terminology Relating to Ste
6、el, Stainless Steel, Re-lated Alloys and Ferroalloys3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of other terms used in thisspecification refer to Terminology A 941.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 twin roll casting process, nproduction of steel sheetdirectly from liquid meta
7、l.3.2.1.1 DiscussionThe properties of the steel sheet are theresult of the control of the casting conditions, and in somecases, through a combination of the casting process and hotrolling of the sheet.4. Classification4.1 Twin-roll cast steel sheet is available in the followingdesignations:4.1.1 Com
8、mercial steel (CS Types A and B), and4.1.2 Structural steel (SS Grades 40 275, 50 340, 55380, 60 410, 70 480, and 80 550).5. Ordering Information5.1 It is the purchasers responsibility to specify in thepurchase order all ordering information necessary to describethe required material. Examples of su
9、ch information include,but are not limited to, the following:5.1.1 ASTM specification number and year of issue,5.1.2 Name of material and designation (direct cast or hotrolled sheet) (include grade, as appropriate, for CS, and SS)(see 4.1),5.1.2.1 When a type is not specified for CS, Type B will bef
10、urnished,5.1.3 Finish (see 9.1),5.1.4 Type of edge (see 9.3),5.1.5 Oiled or not oiled, as required (see 9.2),5.1.6 Dimensions (thickness, thickness tolerance table (see5.1.6.1), width, and whether cut lengths or coils),5.1.6.1 As agreed upon between the purchaser and theproducer, material ordered to
11、 this specification will be suppliedto meet the appropriate thickness tolerance table shown inSpecification A 568/A 568M.5.1.7 Coil size (inside diameter, outside diameter, and maxi-mum weight),5.1.8 Copper bearing steel, (if required),5.1.9 Quantity,5.1.10 Application (part identification and descr
12、iption), and5.1.11 Special requirements,1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.19 on Steel Sheet and Strip.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2004. Published September 2004.2Fo
13、r referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C70
14、0, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.1.12 A report of heat analysis will be supplied, if re-quested, for CS. For materials with required mechanicalproperties, SS, a report is required of heat analysis andmechanical properties as determined by the tension test.NOTE 2A typical ordering
15、 description is as follows: ASTM A 1039/A 1039M steel sheet, CS Type A, pickled and oiled, cut edge, 0.075 by 36by 96 in., thickness tolerance Table 4 of Specification A 568/A 568M.100 000 lb, for part no. 6310, for shelf bracket, orASTM A 1039/A 1039M, hot rolled steel sheet, SS Grade 40, pickledan
16、d oiled, cut edge, 1.5 by 117 mm by coil, ID 600 mm, OD 1500 mm,max weight 10 000 kg, thickness tolerance Table A1.1 of SpecificationA 568/A 568M, 100 000 kg, for part number A4885 for lower housing.6. General Requirements for Delivery6.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-form to
17、 the applicable requirements of the current edition ofSpecification A 568/A 568M for steel sheet.7. Chemical Composition7.1 The heat analysis of the steel shall conform to thechemical requirements of the appropriate designation shown inTable 1 for CS and Table 2 for SS.7.2 Each of the elements liste
18、d in Tables 1 and 2 shall beincluded in the report of the heat analysis. When the amount ofcopper, nickel, chromium, or molybdenum is less than 0.02 %,the analysis shall be reported as “0.02 %” or the actualdetermined value. When the amount of vanadium, columbium,or titanium is less than 0.008 %, th
19、e analysis shall be reportedas “0.008 %”or the actual determined value.7.3 Sheet steel grades defined by this specification aresuitable for welding if appropriate welding conditions areselected. Certain welding processes may require more restric-tive composition limits than those included in Table 1
20、 or Table2, and in these cases, the restrictive limits shall be reviewedwith the producer at the time of inquiry and ordering.NOTE 3The twin-roll cast product may be deoxidized using eithersilicon or aluminum.8. Mechanical Properties8.1 CS:8.1.1 Typical, non-mandatory mechanical properties for CSare
21、 found in Table 3.8.1.2 The material shall be capable of being bent at roomtemperature in any direction through 180 flat on itself withoutcracking on the outside of the bent portion (see section on bendtest of Test Methods and Definitions A 370).8.2 SS:8.2.1 The available grades and corresponding me
22、chanicalproperty requirements for SS steels are shown in Table 4.8.2.2 Tension Tests:8.2.2.1 RequirementsMaterial as represented by the testspecimen shall conform to the mechanical property require-ments specified in Table 4.8.2.2.2 Number of TestsTwo tension tests shall be madefrom each heat or fro
23、m each 50 tons 45 000 kg. When theamount of finished material from a heat is less than 50 tons45 000 kg, one tension test shall be made. When materialrolled from one heat differs 0.050 in. 1.27 mm or more inthickness, one tension test shall be made from the thickest andthinnest material regardless o
24、f the weight represented.8.2.2.3 Tension test specimens shall be taken at a pointimmediately adjacent to the material to be qualified.8.2.2.4 Tension test specimens shall be taken from the fullthickness of the sheet as rolled.8.2.2.5 Tension test specimens shall be taken from a loca-tion approximate
25、ly halfway between the center of sheet and theedge of the material as-cast or as-rolled.8.2.2.6 Tension test specimens shall be taken with thelengthwise axis of the test specimen parallel to the rollingdirection (longitudinal test).8.2.2.7 Test MethodYield strength shall be determined byeither the 0
26、.2 % offset method or the 0.5 % extension underload method unless otherwise specified.8.2.3 Bending Properties:8.2.3.1 The suggested minimum inside radii for cold bend-ing are listed in Appendix X2. More detail on this topic isprovided in the section on Mechanical Properties of Specifi-cation A 568/
27、A 568M. Where a tighter bend radius is required,or where curved or offset bends are involved, or wherestretching or drawing are also a consideration, the producershall be consulted.9. Finish and Appearance9.1 Surface Finish:9.1.1 The material shall be furnished as-cast or as-rolled,(that is, without
28、 removing the surface oxide or scale), unlessotherwise specified.9.1.2 When required, the material shall be specified aspickled or blast cleaned (descaled).9.2 Oiling:9.2.1 Unless other specified, as-cast or as-rolled materialshall be furnished not oiled (that is, dry), and pickled or blastcleaned m
29、aterial shall be furnished oiled.9.3 Edges:9.3.1 Steel sheet is available with mill edge or cut edge.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsAfor Twin Roll Cast Hot Rolled Steel Sheet Designations CSComposition, % Heat Analysis, Element Maximum Unless Otherwise ShownCMnPSAlBSi CuCNi Cr Mo V Cb Ti NCS Type AD0.
30、10 0.70 0.030 0.035 . . . . . . 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.06 0.008 0.008 0.008 . . .CS Type B 0.02 to 0.15 0.70 0.030 0.035 . . . . . . 0.20 0.20 0.15 0.06 0.008 0.008 0.008 . . .AWhere an ellipsis () appears in the table, there is no requirement, but the analysis shall be reported.BWhen aluminum deoxidized
31、steel is required, it may be ordered to a minimum of 0.01 % total aluminum.CWhen copper steel is specified, the copper limit is a minimum of 0.20 %.DSpecify Type B to avoid carbon levels below 0.02 %.A 1039/A 1039M 04210. Retests and Qualification10.1 The procedures for conducting testing in instanc
32、eswhere the initial test results indicate non-conformance withspecification requirements are described in A 568/A 568M.11. Certification11.1 A report of heat analysis shall be supplied, if requested,for CS steels. For product with required mechanical properties,SS, a report is required of heat analy
33、sis and mechanicalproperties as determined by the tension test.11.2 The report shall include the purchase order number, theASTM designation number and year date, product designation,grade, and type, as applicable.11.3 A signature is not required on the test report. However,the document shall clearly
34、 identify the organization submittingthe report. Notwithstanding the absence of a signature, theorganization submitting the report is responsible for the contentof the report.11.4 A Material Test Report, Certificate of Inspection, orsimilar document printed from or used in electronic form froman ele
35、ctronic data interchange (EDI) transmission shall beregarded as having the same validity as a counterpart printed inthe certifiers facility. The content of the EDI transmitteddocument must meet the requirements of the invoked ASTMstandard, of the purchaser and of the supplier. Notwithstandingthe abs
36、ence of a signature, the organization submitting the EDItransmission is responsible for the content of the report.12. Product Marking12.1 In addition to the requirements of Specification A 568/A 568M for sheet, each lift or coil shall be marked with thedesignation shown on the order CS (Type A or B)
37、, SS (Grade).The designation shall be legibly stenciled on the top of each liftor shown on a tag attached to each coil or shipping unit.13. Keywords13.1 as-cast sheet; carbon steel sheet; commercial steel; hotrolled steel sheet; steel sheet; structural steelTABLE 2 Chemical RequirementsAfor Twin Rol
38、l Cast Hot Rolled Steel Sheet Designations SSDesignation% Heat Analysis, Element Maximum Unless Otherwise ShownCMn P SAlSiCuNiCrMo V Cb Ti NSS:Grade 40 275 0.25 1.35 0.035 0.04 . . . . . . 0.35 0.20 0.15 0.06 0.008 0.008 0.008 . . .Grade 50 345 0.25 1.35 0.035 0.04 . . . . . . 0.35 0.20 0.15 0.06 0.
39、008 0.008 0.008 . . .Grade 55 380 0.25 1.35 0.035 0.04 . . . . . . 0.35 0.20 0.15 0.06 0.008 0.008 0.008 . . .Grade 60 410 0.25 1.35 0.035 0.04 . . . . . . 0.35 0.20 0.15 0.06 0.008 0.008 0.008 . . .Grade 70 480 0.25 1.35 0.035 0.04 . . . . . . 0.35 0.20 0.15 0.06 0.008 0.008 0.008 . . .Grade 80 550
40、 0.25 1.35 0.035 0.04 . . . . . . 0.35 0.20 0.15 0.06 0.008 0.008 0.008 . . .AWhere an ellipsis () appears in the table, there is no requirement, but the analysis shall be reported.TABLE 3 Typical Ranges of Mechanical PropertiesA(Nonmandatory)Bfor Twin Roll Cast Hot Rolled Steel SheetDesignations CS
41、DesignationYield StrengthElongation in2 in. 50 mm %Cksi MPaCS Types A and B 40 to 50 250 to 340 22AThe yield strength tends to increase and the elongation tends to decrease asthe sheet thickness decreases. These properties represent those typical ofmaterial in the thickness range of 0.050 in. 1.27 m
42、m to 0.065 in. 1.65 mm.BThe typical mechanical property values presented here are non mandatory.CYield strength and elongation are measured in the longitudinal direction inaccordance with Test Methods and Definitions A 370.TABLE 4 Mechanical Property Requirements for Twin Roll CastHot Rolled Steel S
43、heet Designations SSDesignationYieldStrengthksi MPaminTensileStrengthksi MPaminElongation in 2 in. 50 mm,min % for ThicknessUnder0.078 in. 2.0 mmto0.064 in. 1.6 mmUnder0.064 in. 1.6 mmto0.027 in. 0.7 mmSS:Grade 40 275 40 275 55 380 20 15Grade 50 340 50 340 65 450 16 11Grade 55 380 55 380 70 480 14 9
44、Grade 60 410 60 410 70 480 13 8Grade 70 480 70 480 80 550 12 7Grade 80 550 80 550 90 620 11 6A 1039/A 1039M 043APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. TWIN-ROLL CASTING PROCESSX1.1 Overview of the Twin-Roll Casting Process for theProduction of Steel SheetX1.2 Twin-Roll Casting Process DevelopmentX1.
45、2.1 Sir Henry Bessemer originally conceived and pat-ented the concept of casting sheet and strip directly from liquidmetal about 150 years ago. Despite decades of research anddevelopment, twin-roll casting has now achieved commercialsuccess for the production of plain-carbon steel sheet. Keybreakthr
46、oughs in the areas of mold/refractory materials, abetter understanding of the fundamentals of metal solidifica-tion, and process control have contributed to the successfulcommercialization of this process. Twin-roll cast material hasbeen produced and successfully manufactured into a range ofsteel pr
47、oducts. As-cast, hot rolled and cold rolled steel sheetcoils have been successfully formed into square tubes, decking,and other structural products. Initial trials by users of theseproducts include manufacturers of metal building and agricul-tural products. These customers report that the twin-roll
48、castmaterial performed satisfactorily and that manufacturingequipment did not require adjustments to accommodate thetwin-roll cast product.X1.3 Overview of Process FundamentalsX1.3.1 The twin-roll process directly casts a solid stripapproximately 0.038 in. 1 mm to 0.075 in. 2 mm thickdirectly from l
49、iquid metal. Solidification of liquid steel occursover two counter-rotating water-cooled rolls as schematicallyillustrated in Fig. X1.1.X1.3.2 Twin-roll casting facilities are equipped with one ormore rolling stands whereby the thickness of the as-cast strip isfurther reduced by hot reduction (see Fig. X1.2).X1.3.3 In comparison to conventional slab casting pro-cesses, twin-roll casting produces significantly higher interfa-cial heat transfer rates resulting from the dire
