1、Advanced Energy Design Guidefor Small to Medium Office BuildingsAchieving 50% Energy Savings Toward a Net Zero Energy BuildingAdvanced Energy Design Guide for Small to Medium Office BuildingsDeveloped by:American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning EngineersThe American Institute
2、of ArchitectsIlluminating Engineering Society of North AmericaU.S. Green Building CouncilU.S. Department of Energy50%50%Advanced Energy Design Guide for Small to Medium Office Buildings This Guide was prepared under ASHRAE Special Project 133.Advanced Energy Design Guide for Small to Medium Office B
3、uildings is the first in a series designed to provide recommendations for achieving 50% energy savings over the minimum code requirements of ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2004. The energy savings target of 50% is the next step toward achieving a net zero energy building, which is defined as a buil
4、ding that, on an annual basis, draws from outside resources equal or less energy than it provides using on-site renewable energy sources. ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2004 provides the fixed reference point and serves as a consistent baseline and scale for all of the 50% Advanced Energy Design Gu
5、ides.This Guide focuses on small to medium office buildings up to 100,000 ft2. Office buildings include a wide range of office types and related activities such as administrative, professional, government, bank or other financial services, and medical offices without medical diagnostic equipment. Th
6、ese facilities typically include all or some of the following space types: open plan and private offices, conference and meeting spaces, corridors and transition areas, lounge and recreation areas, lobbies, active storage areas, restrooms, mechanical and electrical rooms, stairways, and other spaces
7、. This Guide does not cover specialty spaces such as data centers, which are more typical in large office buildings. The specific energy-saving recommendations in this Guide are summarized in a single table for each climate zone and will allow contractors, consulting engineers, architects, and desig
8、ners to easily achieve advanced levels of energy savings without detailed energy modeling or analyses. In addition, this Guide provides a greater emphasis on integrated design as a necessary component in achieving 50% energy savings and devotes an entire chapter to integrated-design strategies that
9、can be used by teams who do not wish to follow the specific energy-saving recommendations.Those looking for help in implementing the climate-specific recommendations of this Guide will find an expanded section of tips and approaches in the “How to Implement Recommendations” chapter. These tips are c
10、ross-referenced with the recommendation tables. The chapter also includes additional “bonus” recommendations that identify opportunities to incorporate greater energy savings into the design of the building.Case studies and technical examples are sprinkled throughout the Guide to illustrate the reco
11、mmendations and to demonstrate the technologies in real-world applications. For more information on the entire Advanced Energy Design Guide series, please visit www.ashrae.org/aedg.9 781936 504053ISBN: 978-1-936504-05-3Product Code: 90383 4/11AEDG_50_SmallOfficeCover-1.indd 1 4/20/2011 4:46:18 PMAdv
12、anced Energy Design GuideforSmall to MediumOffice BuildingsThis is an ASHRAE Design Guide. Design Guides are developed underASHRAEs Special Publication procedures and are not consensus docu-ments. This document is an application manual that provides voluntary rec-ommendations for consideration in ac
13、hieving greater levels of energy savingsrelative to minimum standards.01_Front.fm Page i Monday, April 25, 2011 10:06 AM 2011 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmissio
14、n in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission. 2011 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital
15、 form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.This publication was prepared under the auspices of ASHRAE Special Project 133.PROJECT COMMITTEEBing LiuChairPacific Northwest National LaboratoryMerle McBrideVice-ChairOwens CorningDon ColliverSteering Committee Ex OfficioUniversity of
16、 KentuckyDaniel NallAIA/USGBC RepresentativeWSP Flack + KurtzErin McConaheyMember at LargeArupMick SchwedlerASHRAE RepresentativeTrane, a division of Ingersoll RandBrian ThorntonAnalysis SupportPacific Northwest National LaboratoryMichael LaneIES RepresentativeLighting Design LabWeimin WangAnalysis
17、SupportPacific Northwest National LaboratoryMathew TanteriIES RepresentativeTanteri + AssociatesLilas PrattStaff LiaisonASHRAESTEERING COMMITTEEDon ColliverChairBill Worthen AIA RepresentativeJerome LamDOE RepresentativeRita HarroldIES RepresentativeMick SchwedlerASHRAE SSPC 90.1 LiaisonBrendan Owen
18、sUSGBC RepresentativeAdrienne ThomleASHRAE TC 7.6 LiaisonTom WatsonASHRAE RepresentativeLilas PrattASHRAE Staff LiaisonAnyupdates/erratatothispublicationwillbepostedontheASHRAEWebsiteatwww.ashrae.org/publicationupdates.01_Front.fm Page ii Monday, April 25, 2011 10:06 AM 2011 American Society of Heat
19、ing, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission. 2011 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-C
20、onditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.Advanced Energy Design GuideforSmall to MediumOffice BuildingsAchieving 50% Energy Sav
21、ings Toward a Net Zero Energy BuildingAmerican Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning EngineersThe American Institute of ArchitectsIlluminating Engineering Society of North AmericaU.S. Green Building CouncilU.S. Department of Energy01_Front.fm Page iii Monday, April 25, 2011 10:06 AM
22、 2011 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission. 2011 American Society of He
23、ating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.ISBN 978-1-936504-05-3 2011 American Society of Heating,
24、 Refrigeratingand Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.1791 Tullie Circle, N.E.Atlanta, GA 30329www.ashrae.orgAll rights reserved.Printed in the United States of AmericaPrinted on 10% post-consumer waste using soy-based inks.Cover design and illustrations by Emily Luce, Designer.Cover photographs courtes
25、y of ASHRAE and Michael Lane. ASHRAE has compiled this publication with care, but ASHRAE has not investigated, and ASHRAE expressly disclaims anyduty to investigate, any product, service, process, procedure, design, or the like that may be described herein. The appearanceof any technical data or edi
26、torial material in this publication does not constitute endorsement, warranty, or guaranty byASHRAE of any product, service, process, procedure, design, or the like. ASHRAE does not warrant that the information inthe publication is free of errors, and ASHRAE does not necessarily agree with any state
27、ment or opinion in this publication.The entire risk of the use of any information in this publication is assumed by the user.No part of this book may be reproduced without permission in writing from ASHRAE, except by a reviewer who may quotebrief passages or reproduce illustrations in a review with
28、appropriate credit; nor may any part of this book be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any way or by any meanselectronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwith-out permission in writing from ASHRAE. Requests for permission should be submitted at www.ashrae.org/permissions.Li
29、brary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataAdvanced energy design guide for small to medium office buildings : achieving 50% energy savings toward a net zero energy building / American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers . et al.p. cm.Includes bibliographical refere
30、nces.Summary: “Designed to provide recommendations for achieving 50% energy savings over the minimum code requirements of ANSI/ASHRAE/IESNA Standard 90.1-2004 for small to medium office buildings; allows contractors, consulting engineers, architects, and designers to easily achieve advanced levels o
31、f energy savings without having to resort to detailed calculations or analyses“-Provided by publisher.ISBN 978-1-936504-05-3 (softcover : alk. paper)1. Office buildings-Energy conservation. 2. Office buildings-Design and construction. I. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditionin
32、g Engineers. TJ163.5.O35A38 2011725.0472-dc222011006680ASHRAE STAFFSPECIAL PUBLICATIONSMark OwenEditor/Group Managerof Handbook and Special PublicationsCindy Sheffield MichaelsManaging EditorJames Madison WalkerAssociate EditorElisabeth ParrishAssistant EditorMichshell PhillipsEditorial CoordinatorP
33、UBLISHING SERVICESDavid SoltisGroup Manager of Publishing Servicesand Electronic CommunicationsJayne JacksonPublication Traffic AdministratorPUBLISHERW. Stephen Comstock01_Front.fm Page iv Monday, April 25, 2011 10:06 AM 2011 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers,
34、 Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission. 2011 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For
35、personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.Acknowledgments ixAbbreviations and Acronyms xiForeword: A Message for Building Owners and Developers .xvChapter 1 Introduction.1Goal of
36、 this Guide2Scope2How to Use this Guide 3Energy Modeling Analysis .3Achieving 50% Energy Savings.4References5Chapter 2 Integrated Design Process .7Principles of Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) .8Using IPD to Maximize Energy Efficiency .10Details by Project Phase 11References.19Chapter 3 Integrated
37、 Design Strategies 21Introduction21Overview of Design Influences 22Building and Site Design Features 23Climate Features 23Building Features29Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs) .34Envelope 34Lighting.37Contents02_TOC.fm Page v Wednesday, April 27, 2011 10:00 AM 2011 American Society of Heating, Refr
38、igerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission. 2011 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioni
39、ng Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.vi | Advanced Energy Design Guide for Small to Medium Office BuildingsPlug Loads.40Service Wate
40、r Heating41HVAC Systems .41HVAC Controls.43Quality Assurance .44Multidisciplinary Coordination for Energy Efficiency.44Overview 44Multidisciplinary Recommendations.45Use of Energy Modeling as Design Guidance63References.67Chapter 4 Design Strategies and Recommendations by Climate Zone .71Introductio
41、n71Climate-Related Design Strategies71Hot, Humid Climates (Miami, Houston, Atlanta).72Hot, Dry Climates (Phoenix, Los Angeles, Las Vegas) 73Mild, Humid Climates (Baltimore) 74Mild, Dry Climates (Albuquerque) 75Marine Climates (San Francisco, Seattle).75Cold, Dry Climates (Denver, Helena)76Cold Clima
42、tes (Chicago, Minneapolis).77Climate Zone Recommendations .78Zone 1 81Zone 2 84Zone 3 87Zone 4 90Zone 5 93Zone 6 96Zone 7 99Zone 8 .102References105Chapter 5 How to Implement Recommendations .107Envelope .107Opaque Envelope Components 107Vertical Fenestration 121Window Design Guidelines for Thermal
43、Conditions .122Window Design Guidelines for Daylighting125References 126Daylighting .127General Recommendations .127References 13902_TOC.fm Page vi Wednesday, April 27, 2011 10:00 AM 2011 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal u
44、se only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission. 2011 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduc
45、tion, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.Contents | viiElectric Lighting.140Interior Lighting .140Exterior Lighting.151References and Resources154Plug Loads .155Equipment and Control Guidelines.155References and Res
46、ources156Service Water Heating 158General Recommendations .158Resources.160HVAC Systems and Equipment .161HVAC System Types .161HVAC System Considerations 170References and Resources184Quality Assurance186Overview.186References and Resources189Additional Bonus Savings190DaylightingToplighting190Natu
47、ral Ventilation .193Renewable Energy194References197Appendix A Envelope Thermal Performance Factors .199Appendix B International Climatic Zone Definitions201Definitions202References202Appendix C Commissioning Information and Examples.203Commissioning Scope of Services .203Introduction.203Systems 204
48、Deliverables.204Schedule .204Commissioning Tasks .205Appendix D Early-Phase Energy Balancing Calculations 211Perimeter Zone Optimization Method 211Reference 21602_TOC.fm Page vii Wednesday, April 27, 2011 10:00 AM 2011 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (
49、www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission. 2011 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc. (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.Chapter 2 Using Psychrometric Charts 13Chapter 3 Building Orientation Considerations .33External S
