1、 American National StandardANSI Z245.51-2013 ENVIRONMENTAL INDUSTRY A S S O C I A T I O N S for Equipment Technology and Operations for Wastes and Recyclable Materials - Baling Equipment Safety Requirements W ASTE EQUIPMENT TECHNOLOGY ASSOCIATION A PART OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL INDUSTRY ASSOCIATIONS 430
2、1 CONNECTICUT AVENUE, NW S UITE 300 W ASHINGTON, DC 20008 TELEPHONE: 202-244-4700 FAX: 202-966-4824 ANSIZ245.51- 2013AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI Z245.51-2013 American National Standard for Equipment Technology and Operations for Wastes and Recyclable Materials Baling Equipment Safety Requirement
3、s for Manufacturing and Reconstruction Secretariat Environmental Industry Associations Approved May 1, 2013 American National Standards Institute, Inc. American National Standard Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus,
4、 and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple m
5、ajority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has
6、 approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National St
7、andard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of t
8、his standard. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may r
9、eceive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd Street, New York, New York, 10036, Phone: 212-642-4900, Fax: 212-398-0023. Published by: Waste Equipment Technology Association (Environmental Industry Associations) 4301 Connectic
10、ut Ave., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20008 Copyright 2013 by the Environmental Industry Associations All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without prior permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of A
11、merica ANSI Z245.51-2013 i Table of Contents SECTION . PAGE Foreword . iv-v Introduction . 1 1 Scope . 2 2 Normative references 2 3 Definitions . 2-8 4 Construction . 17 4.1 General 17 4.2 Component requirements 17 4.3 Construction requirements, tests and evaluation criteria. 17-19 5 Safeguards and
12、features . 19 5.1 Access covers 19 5.2 Service openings . 19 5.3 Controls 19-20 5.4 Operating switches and sensors 20 5.5 Security switch . 20 5.6 Emergency controls . 20 5.7 Interlocks 21 5.8 Guarding 21-22 5.9 Container/cart lifting systems . 22-23 5.10 Continuously operating and unattended balers
13、 with automatic start-up additional safety features . 23-24 5.11 Vertical downstroke balers additional safety features 24-25 5.12 Vertical upstroke balers additional safety features . 25 5.13 Horizontal balers additional safety features 25-26 6 Markings.26 6.1 General 26-27 6.2 Marking of permanentl
14、y connected equipment 27-28 6.3 Marking or cord connected equipment 28 6.4 Marking of components . 28 6.5 Safety signs - caution, warning and danger markings . 28-31 6.6 Permanence of markings . 31 7 Instructions . 31 7.1 General 31 7.2 Installation and operating instructions . 31-33 APPENDIXES A Bi
15、bliography (informative) 34 A.1 General 34 A.2 U.S. Government Health it does not denote a mandatory requirement. 3.81 start-up alarm: An audible and visible alarm distinctive and recognizable as a signal to provide warning that the baler will begin to operate. 3.82 sustained manual pressure control
16、: A control that requires continuous manual pressure by the operator to allow the baler to operate. 3.83 system: The combined use of several (normally stand-alone) technologies in an integrated fashion for the simultaneous or sequential processing of materials (such as, shredders, trommels, conveyor
17、s, etc.). 3.84 system pressure: The range of operating pressures ranging between normal and maximum operating pressure in the hydraulic system as stated by the manufacturer. 3.85 unattended baler with automatic startup: Baling equipment where the main motor will start and the baler will cycle automa
18、tically while unattended when activated by a signal from a sensor or a sequencing program or device. 3.86 waste: Materials such as garbage, trash, rubbish, ashes, incineration residue, street cleanings, plant trimmings, solids, semi-solids, liquids or gases, which are generated and discarded by comm
19、ercial, industrial, and residential activities. Excluded are solid or dissolved materials such as domestic sewage and solid or dissolved materials in irrigation return flows or industrial discharges. This definition does include material diverted from the waste stream for the purpose of recycling. 3
20、.87 working surface: Any surface on which employees perform job duties or upon which employees are required to work while performing assigned tasks. ANSI Z245.51-2013 Page 9 Figure 1. Vertical downstroke baler ANSI Z245.51-2013 Page 10 Figure 2. Vertical upstroke baler (chain driven) ANSI Z245.51-20
21、13 Page 11 Figure 3. Horizontal extrusion baler Figure 4. Horizontal closed-chamber baler ANSI Z245.51-2013 Page 12 Figure 5. Two-stage vertical-horizontal (continuous) extrusion baler ANSI Z245.51-2013 Page 13 Figure 6. Two-stage horizontal baler (two compression strokes) ANSI Z245.51-2013 Page 14
22、Figure 7. Two-stage horizontal baler with single-compression cylinder ANSI Z245.51-2013 Page 15 Figure 8. Open End Auto-tie ANSI Z245.51-2013 Page 16 Figure 9. Two-Ram ANSI Z245.51-2013 Page 17 4. Construction 4.1 General 4.1.1 Balers shall be designed and constructed with consideration for the redu
23、ction of the risk of fire, electrical shock or injury to persons during operation and maintenance. NOTE 1: Consideration shall be given to reasonably foreseeable misuse of the baler for its intended application. It is not expected that every possible misuse will be foreseen, but the manufacturer sho
24、uld use its best judgment and experience to reduce the risk of fire, electrical shock or injury to persons during installation, operation and maintenance of the baler. NOTE 2: An optional, functional attachment that is made available or recommended by the manufacturer for use with the basic equipmen
25、t shall be included in the evaluation of the equipment. Unless the manufacturer recommends the use of two or more attachments at the same time, only one attachment at a time is to be evaluated with the equipment. NOTE 3: Whether a guard, an interlock, or the like is required and whether such a devic
26、e is adequate shall be determined from an evaluation of the complete equipment, its operating characteristics, and the likelihood of a risk of injury to persons resulting from a cause other than negligence. The evaluation shall include consideration of the results of breakdown or malfunction of any
27、one component, but not more than one component at a time, unless one event contributes to another. If the evaluation shows that breakdown or malfunction of a particular component results in a risk of injury to persons, that component shall be evaluated for reliability. 4.2 Component requirements 4.2
28、.1 Except as indicated in 4.2.2, a component of a baler covered by this standard shall comply with the requirements for that component. See Appendix A for a list of standards covering components generally used in the equipment covered by this standard. 4.2.2 A component need not comply with a specif
29、ic requirement that: a) Involves a feature or characteristic not needed in the application of the component in the equipment covered by this standard, or b) Is superseded by a requirement in this standard. 4.2.3 A component shall be used in accordance with its recognized rating established for the i
30、ntended conditions of use. 4.2.4 Specific components may be recognized as being incomplete in construction features or restricted in performance capabilities. Such components are intended for use only under limited conditions, such as certain temperatures not exceeding specified limits, and shall be
31、 used only under those specific conditions for which they have been recognized. 4.3 Construction requirements, tests and evaluation criteria 4.3.1 Mechanical components and construction features of balers shall be in accordance with Table 1. ANSI Z245.51-2013 Page 18 Table 1. Mechanical construction
32、 requirements and performance evaluation criteria Feature or component Informative (Appendix B) Specific performance tests and evaluation criteria (Appendix D) Sharpness of edges B.1.1 Adhesives B.1.2 UL 746C Corrosion protection B.1.3 Mechanical enclosures and guards B.2 Mechanical components and a
33、ssembly B.3 Rotating and moving parts B.4 D.8 Hydraulic systems B.5.1 Hydraulic system hoses B.5.2 Hydraulic system couplings and fittings B.5.3 Hydraulic system control valves B.6 UL 429; UL 842 Hydraulic system relief valves B.7.1 - B.7.6 Hydraulic system reservoirs B.7.7 Stability B.8 D.7 Structu
34、ral integrity B.9 4.3.2 Electrical equipment used in balers shall be in accordance with Table 2. Table 2. Electrical construction requirements and performance evaluation criteria Feature or component Informative (Appendix C) Specific performance tests and evaluation criteria (Appendix D) Electrical
35、enclosures C.2 UL 50, with environmental rating equivalent to the intended use of the baler Access to uninsulated live parts and film-coated wire C.3 Cords and plugs of cord-connected equipment C.4.1.1 Strain relief for cords on cord-connected equipment C.4.1.2 D.6 Bushings for cords on cord-connect
36、ed equipment C.4.1.3 Permanently connected equipment a. General b. Terminal compartment c. Wiring terminals and leads d. Identification of terminals and leads C.5.1 C.5.2 C.5.3 C.5.4 Current-carrying parts C.6 Insulating material C.7 Mechanical protection of internal wiring C.8.1 D.5 Splices and con
37、nections of internal wiring C.8.2 Separation of circuits C.9 Grounding a. General b. Grounding identification C.10.1 C.10.2 Heating elements C.11 Listed heater(s) ANSI Z245.51-2013 Page 19 UL 1030 for sheathed heating elements Motors a. Construction b. Overload protection C.12.1 UL 1004-1 Rotating E
38、lectrical Machines - General Requirements C.12.2 Motor utilizes UL 508A controller or meets requirements of C.12.2.1 - C 12.2.4 Overload- or thermal-protective devices C.13 UL 508A or meets requirements of C.13.1 - C.13.6 Switches, controls and interlocks C.14 Spacings C.15 UL 1004-1 Rotating Electr
39、ical Machines - General Requirements Starting current test D.1 D.1 Leakage current test D.2 D.2 Temperature tests D.3 D.3 Dielectric-current-withstand test D.4 D.4 4.2.4 Manufacturing and post-production tests The manufacturer on each baler shall carry out the following post-production tests: a) Die
40、lectric-voltage-withstand test in accordance with E.1. (See Appendix E.) b) Grounding continuity test in accordance with E.2. (See Appendix E.) c) Hydraulic system test in accordance with E.3. (See Appendix E.) NOTE: Where a baler is being provided as part of a system, the above tests apply only to
41、the baler and are conducted prior to system assembly. 5. Safeguards and features 5.1 Access covers 5.1.1 Access covers shall be interlocked, secured by a lockable device, or be removable by the use of hand tools only. 5.2 Service openings 5.2.1 Removable covers shall protect service openings that ex
42、pose pinch points. The covers shall be interlocked, secured by a lockable device or be removable by the use of hand tools only. 5.3 Controls 5.3.1 Each control shall be clearly and conspicuously labeled as to its function. 5.3.2 Operating controls, such as start buttons, shall be designed and locate
43、d to prevent unintentional activation. 5.3.3 Controls fitted with plug-in type devices intended for connection or disconnection during normal usage shall be provided with ground fault protection or be operated by 30 volt DC or less, or supplied by a Class 2 transformer. ANSI Z245.51-2013 Page 20 5.3
44、.4 Safety related controls that depend on electronics and/or software shall be tested and labeled to UL 508, Industrial Control Equipment or other applicable certifications. See Appendix C.14 for complete description. 5.3.5 Stop buttons, including emergency stop buttons, shall be red, distinguishabl
45、e from all other controls by size and color, and shall not be recessed. 5.3.6 An lockable electrical disconnect shall be located within sight of, and no more than 50 ft (15 m) away from, the main control panel. 5.3.7 Controls and live electrical components shall have adequate work space in accordanc
46、e with ANSI/NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, Section 110, Requirements for electrical installations. 5.4 Operating switches and sensors 5.4.1 When the unintentional operation of a switch results in a risk of injury to persons, the actuator of the switch shall be located or guarded so that unintend
47、ed operation is unlikely. 5.4.2 When guarding is utilized for the actuator of the switch, it shall be by recessing, ribs, barriers, or the like. 5.4.3 The actuator of an interlock switch shall be located so that unintentional operation is unlikely. 5.4.4 A device that starts a baler automatically, s
48、uch as a timer, an automatically reset overload-protective device, or the like, shall not be employed unless it utilizes a start-up alarm. 5.5 Security switch 5.5.1 A key-lock on-off switch, or similarly functioning security switch, shall be provided by the manufacturer as a means of controlling acc
49、ess to only trained and authorized employees. 5.6 Emergency controls 5.6.1 An emergency stop shall be provided at all points of operation and when activated shall render baler or system inoperable. An emergency stop shall not be considered lockout or tagout. 5.6.2 Multiple points of operation shall have an emergency stop readily accessible to each point of operation and material feed area. Where possible, the emergency stop should be located within 3 ft (91.4 cm) of each point of operation or material feed area. Exception: An emergency stop switc
