1、for Information Technology - Optical Character Recognition Paper used in OCR Systems - Amendment 1 IANSIINCITS62-1987/AM1 -i 999 Cformerly ANSI X3.62-1987/AMl-1999) Supplement to ANSI INCITS 62-1987 Cformerly ANSI X3.62-1987) (OCR) - Developed by SM Where IT all begins ANSI X3.62-1987lAMl-1999 Suppl
2、ement to ANSI X3.62-1987 American National Standard I for Information Technology - Optical Character Recognition (OCR) - Paper used in OCR Systems - Amendment 1 ( Approved May 24,1999 Secretariat: Information Technology Industry Council ) Page 1 of 1 page Make the following changes to ANSI X3.62-198
3、7: Add the following to 2. I, Referenced Standards: TAPPI T452 om-92, Brightness ofpulp, paper, and paperboard (directional reflectance at 457 nm) The following is replacement text for 3.5.2, Fluorescence 3.5.2 Fluorescence Fluorescence can adversely affect the reading or sorting capabilities, or bo
4、th, of certain OCR systems. Therefore, the use of fluorescent additives in OCR papers should be minimized. For Type I and Type II OCR papers, fluorescent properties should not result in more than a 5.0% differ- ence in reflectance when measured using the procedure given in TAPPI method T452 om-92 (A
5、ppendix C). For Type 111 OCR papers, fluorescence should not result in more than an 8.0% difference in reflec- tance. An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manu
6、facturer, the consumer, and the general public. The exist- ence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the stan- da
7、rd. American National Standards are subject to periodic review and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall
8、have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an Amer- ican National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute req
9、uire that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of approval. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all stan- dards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Copyright O I999
10、by information Technology industry Council (ITI), 1250 Eye Street NW, Washington, DC 20005 for information Systems - Optical Character Recognition Paper Used in OCR Systems I ANSI INCITS 62-1987 (R1998) (formerly ANSI X3.62-1987 (R1998) (OCR) - Developed by Where IT all begins ANSI Q X3.62-1987 Rovk
11、ion of ANSI X3.62-1979 American National Standard for Information Systems - Optical Character Recognition (OCR) - Paper Used in OCR Systems Secretariat Computer and Business Equipment Manufacturers Association Approved March 18,1987 American National Standards Institute, I nc Approval of an American
12、 National Standard requires review by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by direc
13、tly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American National Standards is c
14、ompletely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not devel
15、op standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations
16、 should be addressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to
17、reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. American National Published by American National Standards Institute 11 West 42nd Street, New York,
18、 New York 10036 Copyright O1 987 by Information Technology Industry Council (ITI) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of ITl, 1250 Eye Street NW, Washington, DC 20005. Printed
19、 in the United States of America (This Foreword is not part of American National Standard X3.62-1987.) Foreword This American National Standard presents specifications and recommendations for papers to be used in optical character recognition applications. This standard defines the optical and physi
20、cal properties of the papers along with the test procedures. Since optical charac- ter recognition papers are font-independent, it is appropriate that a separate standard on paper for optical character recognition be available. Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They shoul
21、d be sent to the Computer and Business Equipment Manufacturers Association, 3 11 First Street, NW, Suite 500, Washington, DC 20001. This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by the Accredited Stan- dards Committee on Information Processing Systems, X3. Committee approval of this
22、 standard does not necessarily imply that all committee members voted for its approval. At the time it approved this standard, the X3 Committee had the following members: Chair: (Vacant) Richard Gibson, Vicechair Catherine A. Kachurik, Administrative Secretary Organization Represented Name of Repres
23、entative American Express. David L. Seigal American Library Association. . Paul Peters American Nuclear Society Geraldine C. Main AMP Incorporated Edward Kelly Association for Computing Machinery . Kenneth Magel Lucille Durfee (Alt) Saiiy Hartzeii (Ait) Patrick E. Lannan (Alt) Jon A. Meads (Ait) Ass
24、ociation of the Institute for Certification of AT, Vicechair C. Knoedel, Secretary J. Crawford J. Desautels W. Foster J. Freedman A. GiWette B. Coukler J. Hopkins R. Ireland T. Janning D. Kelier G. Korzeniewski S. McIntosh J. McDonnell C. Martin S. Miller I. Nelson C. P. Newman D. Newton D. Oddy L.
25、Richards R. Schantz N. Selke E. Thompson P. Traglia N. Weiland The X3A1 Working Group 2, which had technical responsibility for the development of this standard, had the following members: C. Knoedel, Chair S. McIntosh N. Selke, Secretary C. P. Newman D. Oddy Contents SECTION PAGE 1 . Purpose. Scope
26、. and Application 6 1.1 Purpose 6 1.2 Scope . 6 1.3 Application . 6 2 . Referenced and Related Standards . 6 2.1 Referenced Standards . 6 2.2 Related Standards . 7 3 . Paper Specifications . 7 3.1 General 7 3.2 Sampling . 7 3.3 Test Conditions . 7 3.4 Classification of OCR Papers 7 3.5 Optical Prope
27、rties . 7 3.6 Physical Properties . 8 3.7 Typical OCR Paper Characteristics 9 Table 1 Typical OCR Paper Characteristics - Bonds and Ledgers . 10 Table 2 Typical OCR Paper Characteristics - Tag and Tabulating Stock . 10 Table 3 Typical OCR Paper Characteristics - Index Stock . 11 Table 4 Typical OCR
28、Paper Characteristics - Rag Papers 11 Table 5 Typical OCR Paper Characteristics - Journal Tape 1 1 Appendix Dirt in Paper 12 Table Al OCR Paper Classifications 12 Tables American National Standard for Information Systems - Optical Character Recognition (OCR) - Paper Used in OCR Systems 1. Purpose, S
29、cope, and Application 1.1 Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to estab- lish the requirements and test procedures for paper to be used in Optical Character Recognition (OCR) Systems. 1.2 Scope. This standard contains basic definitions, measurement requirements, specifications, and recom- mendat
30、ions for papers used with optical character re- cognition readers. Two types of parameters of paper for OCR media are covered. These are: (I) The optical properties of paper for OCR usage (2) The physical properties of paper for OCR usage In addition, OCR papers are classified into three categories
31、(Types I, II, and III) according to allowable dirt and fluorescent content. 1.3 Application. Because of the widely divergent nature of OCR pplications, this standard may not in- clude all of the necessary or prudent specifications or considerations for a successful OCR system. The values in this sta
32、ndard are chosen on the basis that they are reasonably obtainable. Although each parameter is in- dependently specified, a deterioration in reader per- formance may occur if the limits of one or more param- eters are approached simultaneously. Where new OCR equipment or a new paper is involved, cons
33、ultation be- tween users, suppliers, and manufacturers is recom- mended. 2. Referenced and Related Standards 2.1 Referenced Standards. This standard is intended to be used in conjunction with the following standards: ASTM D 585-74, Sampling and Accepting a Singie Lot of Paper, Paperboard, Fiberboard
34、, or Related Product ASTM D 685-73, Conditioning Paper and Paper Prod- ucts for Testing ASTM D 726-58 (R 1984), Tests for Resistance of Paper to Passage of Air ASTM E 308-66 (R 1985), Standard Practice for Spectrophotometry and Description of Color in CIE 1931 System TAPPI T400 om-85, Sampling and A
35、ccepting a Single Lot of Paper, Paperboard, Fiberboard, or Related Product TAPPI T402 os-83, Standard Conditioning and Testing Atmospheres for Paper, Board, Pulp Hand Sheets, and Related Products2 TAPPI T410 os that is, the receiver used for measurement shall exclude specularly reflected light. Refl
36、ectance measurements shall be referred to the perfect reflecting diffuser (100% reflectance). However, in practice, barium sulfate (Baso4) may be used with sufficient accuracy. In case of disagreement, the measurements shall be based on the perfect reflect- ing diffuser. Measurements of the reflecta
37、nce of paper shall be made using the infinite pad method; that is, the samples being measured should be backed with a sufficient number of paper thicknesses of the same type of paper such that doubling the number will not change the measured value of refelectance. Reflectance may be de- termined eit
38、her by means of spectrophotometric mea- surements or by a number of reflectance measurements in different spectral bands. (See ASTM E 308-66.) 3.5.1 .I Visual Spectrum. The average reflectance of the paper shall be not less than 60% in the range from 425 nm (nanometers) to 500 nm, and shall be not l
39、ess than 70% in the range from 500 nm to 700 nm. 3.5.1.2 Infrared Spectrum. When the near infra- red (IR) spectrum is of interest, an average reflectance of 70% in the range from 700 nm to 1200 nm is re- quired. 3.5.2 Fluorescence. Fluorescence can adversely affect the reading or sorting capabilitie
40、s, or both, of certain OCR systems. Therefore, fluorescent additives should not be used in OCR papers! It is recognized, however, that a certain degree of fluorescent contami- nation may be unavoidable in the papermaking process. For Type I and Type II OCR papers, fluorescent contamination should no
41、t result in more than a 2.0% difference in reflectance when measured with and with- out the ultraviolet component of a light source of 3100 Kelvin in combination with a CIE Z (blue) filter. 7 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD X3.62-1987 For Type III OCR papers, fluoiescence should not re- sult in more than
42、 a 5.0% difference in reflectance. 3.5.3 Paper Opacity. (See TAPPI T425 om-81). Paper opacity is defined as the ratio of the diffuse re- flectance of a specimen backed with a black material of not more than 0.5% reflectance to the diffuse reflec- tance of the same specimen backed with a white body h
43、aving an absolute reflectance of 89%. Opacity is indicative of the effect that backing mate- rial has on paper reflectance. If the paper transport sys- tem of the OCR device is such that a known uniform highly reflective surface is provided at the time of read- ing, a medium opacity paper may be usa
44、ble. However, some systems scan paper backed by other printing or have a transport system that provides a nonuniform or low-reflectance backing surface. For such cases a hi the higher the basis weight, the greater the opacity. In general, papers having opacity exceeding 85% should be used. Papers of
45、 lower opacity should be used only if needed for the application and after considering the optical system. Papers having opacity less than 65% should not be used. Many inks have the property of permeating the paper to a considerable depth. Applications requiring printing on both sides may require a
46、higher paper opacity to compensate for this effect. Typical OCR paper opacity values are given in Tables 1-5. 3.5.4 Paper Gloss. Gloss is the lustrous or mirroriike appearance of a surface. It is a phenomenon related to the specular reflection of the incident light. The effect of gloss is to reflect
47、 more of the incident iight in a spec- ular manner, and to scatter less. It occurs at aii angles of incidence and should not be confused with grazing angle specular reflection, which is often referred to as “sheen.” Paper gloss is undesirable for OCR systems since it affects diffuse reflectance adve
48、rsely, thus af- fecting the print contrast signal. Paper for OCR should be restricted to low-gloss varieties such as normally found in uncoated bonds, ledgers, index, journal tape, and tag and tabulating stock. 3.5.5 Dir in Paper. Dirt in paper can be a critical factor in some OCR applications. As d
49、iscussed in 3.4, two levels of dirt tolerance are recognized: Type I OCR papers would be required where there is low tolerance to dirt; Type II or Type III OCR papers could be used where there is a higher dirt tolerance. It is recom- mended that concurrence of the manufacturer of the OCR equipment be established before Type II or Type III OCR papers are used. Dirt is defined as relatively nonreflecting foreign particles embedded in the paper. Since the lack of reflectance and the size of such particles may cause them to be mistaken for inked areas by an OCR reader, it is important t
